X-Ray Lasers 2023: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on X-Ray Lasers

These proceedings present a selection of invited and contributed papers presented during the 18th International Conference on X-Ray Lasers (the 18th ICXRL), held in Shanghai, China, from 17 to 21 July 2023. The conference is part of an ongoing series dedicated to recent developments in the science and technology of X-ray lasers and other coherent X-ray sources, with an additional focus on supporting technologies, instrumentation and applications. The book highlights advances in a wide range of fields including laser and discharge-pumped plasma X-ray lasers, the injection and seeding of X-ray amplifiers, high-order harmonic generation and ultrafast phenomena, X-ray free electron lasers, X-ray and gamma-ray generation, X-ray ghost imaging, optics and metrology, X-rays and γ-rays for fundamental science, the practical implementation of X-ray lasers, XFELs and super-intense lasers, and the applications and industrial uses of X-ray lasers. Contents Contributors Advancing X-Ray Lasers and Intense X-Ray Sources with Ultrashort-Pulse, High-Intensity Lasers 1 Introduction 2 Advances in X-Ray Lasers and Prospects 2.1 Collisional-Excitation X-Ray Laser 2.2 Recombination X-Ray Lasers 2.3 Resonant Photo-Pumping and Inner-Shell-Ionization X-Ray Lasers 3 Intense X-Ray Generation by Relativistic Effects 3.1 Gamma-Ray Flash Generation 3.2 Relativistic Flying Mirror 3.3 Relativistic Instability-Modulated Emission 4 Advances in Ultrashort-Pulse High-Power Lasers 4.1 Development of High Peak Power Lasers 4.2 Development of LD-Pumped Lasers for Repetitive Operation 5 Summary References Advanced Analytical Technologies for a Terawatt Laser Facility 1 Introduction 1.1 System Requirements for Chirped Pulsed Amplification 2 System Design 2.1 Front End 2.2 Pre-amplification 2.3 Main Amplification 2.4 Pulse Compressor 2.5 Target Interaction Chamber 3 Advanced Analytical Technologies 3.1 B-Integral Characterization 3.2 Material Dispersion 3.3 Laser Diagnostics and User Dashboard 3.4 Specialized Diagnostics 4 Conclusions References Laboratory Based Sources, Optics and Detectors for Ultrafast Soft X-Ray Spectroscopy in the Water Window and at Transition Metal L-Edges 1 Introduction 2 Experimental 2.1 Laser Produced Plasma Source (LPP) 2.2 High Harmonics Generation (HHG) 2.3 Reflection Zone Plates (RZP) 2.4 NEXAFS Setups 3 Results 4 Conclusions References To the Centenary of the Nobel Prize Winner’s Birth: N. G. Basov as a Scientist and a Leader 1 Introduction 2 Brief Biography 3 Official Celebration References The University Compton Source: Concept and Applications 1 Introduction 2 ICS X-Ray Source Based on Racetrack Microtron 2.1 Racetrack Microtron with High Brightness Electron Beams 2.2 Laser System 2.3 X-Ray Beam Generation 3 Applications 4 Conclusion References Model of a Femtosecond X-Ray Laser at 32.8 and 44.4 nm in Ni-Like Krypton 1 Introduction. Formulation of the Problem 2 Evolution of the Gain of the XRL at 32.8 and 44.4 nm Under Optimal Conditions 3 Conclusion References Ionization Energies of Ni-Like Ions: Applications to X-ray Laser Modeling II 1 Introduction. Ionization Energies for Constructing Relativistic Model Potential 2 Scaling the Ionization Energies of Ni-Like Ions Along Z 3 Parameter b(3d5/2|Z) of the Relativistic Model Potential for Interpolation and Extrapolation the IE of Ni-Like Ions 4 Conclusion References Diamond Based X-Ray Lens Theory and Processing Technology 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Calculations 3 The Performance Calculation of Several CRL with Different Materials 4 Diamond Lens Processing 5 Conclusion References Energy Resolved X-Ray Ghost Imaging with Different Materials 1 Introduction 2 Method 3 Results 4 Conclusion References Divergence Angle Consideration in Energy Spread Measurement for High-Quality Relativistic Electron Beam in LWFA 1 Introduction 2 Model 3 The Magnetic Field of the C-Shaped Magnet 4 Conclusion References Generalized Variation Minimization Based Algorithm for Image Reconstruction from Few-Views of Limited Angular in Computed Tomography 1 Introduction 2 The Mathematical Model for Image Reconstruction from Limited Projection in CT 3 GV Minimization Based Image Reconstruction for Limited Projection 3.1 GV Minimization Based Image Reconstruction Model for Limited Projection 3.2 The Algorithm for Solving the New Model of Image Reconstruction 3.3 The Solving Method for GV Minimization 4 The Results of the Simulation and Experiment 4.1 The Numerical Simulation for Image Reconstruction with Limited Projection 4.2 The Results for the Medical CT for Performance Comprising 5 Conclusion References Damage Threshold Prediction of B4C Mirror Irradiated by X-Ray Free Electron Lasers Based on Monte Carlo and Enthalpy Method 1 Introduction 2 X-Ray Matter Interaction and Mirror Parameters 3 Monte Carlo Simulation 4 Heat Transport Simulation 5 Conclusion References Light Field Manipulation and Applications of Capillary Discharge Extreme Ultraviolet Laser 1 Introduction 2 Focusing and Wavefront Splitting of the Capillary Discharge 46.9 nm Laser 3 Holography Imaging of an AFM Tip with the Capillary Discharge 46.9 nm Laser 4 Self-formed Nanoparticles Induced by the Capillary Discharge 46.9 nm Laser 5 Conclusion References Development of High Efficiency and High Precision X-ray Reflective Optics for Advanced Light Sources at IPOE 1 Introduction 2 Multilayer Mirrors 2.1 Interface Engineering Methods to Improve the Reflectivity of Multilayer 2.2 Thickness Uniformity Control of Large Multilayer Mirrors 3 Multilayer Gratings 4 High Precision Mirrors 4.1 High Accuracy Stitching Interferometry Measurement Method 4.2 High-Precision Ion Beam Figuring 5 Conclusion References Review of Laser Plasma Accelerated Ultra-Intense Electron Beam for Nuclear Applications 1 Introduction 2 Photonuclear Fast Neutron Source Based on LPA 2.1 High-Efficiency Neutron Source 2.2 High-Flux Neutron Source 2.3 Fast Neutron Absorption Spectroscopy Based on LPA Neutron Source 3 High-Efficiency Isomer Excitation Based on Ultra-Intense Electron Beam 3.1 Photonuclear Excitation of Indium 3.2 Coulomb Excitation of Krypton Cluster 4 Conclusions References Analytical Study of X-Ray Talbot Interferometry on Over-Dense Plasma 1 Introduction 2 Principle of Talbot Interferometry 3 Preliminary Simulations of Imaging Dense Plasma 4 Discussions 5 Conclusions References A Dual-Beam All-Optical Thomson/Compton Scattering (EPATCS) Experiment Platform with Versatile Parameter Tuning 1 Introduction 2 Tunable X/Gamma Ray Energy 3 Linear and Circular Polarization of X/gamma Ray 4 Conclusion References