Workplace Bullying and Mobbing in the United States : [2 Volumes]

Offering multidisciplinary research and analysis on workplace bullying and mobbing, this two-volume set explores the prevalence of these behaviors in sectors ranging from K–12 education to corporate environments and exposes their effects on both individuals and organizations. Workplace Bullying and Mobbing in the United States provides a comprehensive overview of the nature and scope of the problem of workplace bullying and mobbing. By tapping the knowledge of a breadth of subject experts and interpreting contemporary survey data, this resource examines the impact of bullying and mobbing on targets; identifies what constitutes effective prevention and intervention; surveys the legal landscape for addressing the problem, from both American and (for multinational employers) transnational perspectives; and provides an analysis of key employment sectors with practical recommendations for prevention and amelioration of these behaviors. The contributors to this outstanding work include researchers, practitioners, and policy and subject-matter experts who are widely recognized as authorities on workplace bullying and mobbing, including Drs. Gary and Ruth Namie, cofounders of the U.S. workplace anti-bullying movement; Drs. Maureen Duffy and Len Sperry, internationally recognized authorities on workplace mobbing; and professor David Yamada, leading expert on the legal aspects of workplace bullying. The set's content will be of particular value to scholars and practitioners in disciplines that overlap with American labor and employee relations, industrial/organizational psychology and mental health, and law and conflict resolution. The first comprehensive, multi-contributor book on workplace bullying and mobbing grounded in American employee relations An ideal starting place for anyone seeking to better understand the breadth and depth of research on workplace bullying and mobbing in the United States Features contributions from leading researchers and subject-matter experts on workplace bullying and mobbing, including some who are founding members of the U.S. Academy on Workplace Bullying, Mobbing, and Abuse Summarizes and analyzes leading research for scholars and researchers in industrial/organizational psychology, clinical and counseling psychology, organizational behavior and communications, business management, law, and public health Cover About the pagination of this eBook Volume 1: Workplace Bullying and Mobbing in the United States Title Copyright Contents Foreword Preface Seeds Planted Purpose Previewing These Volumes Acknowledgments Part I: Understanding Workplace Bullying and Mobbing Chapter 1 Workplace Bullying and Mobbing: Definitions, Terms, and When They Matter Defining Workplace Bullying Defining Workplace Mobbing Bullying vs. Mobbing Other Terms Related to Bullying and Mobbing at Work Common Workplace Bullying and Mobbing Behaviors Key Elements of Definitions Framing Concepts for Terms and Definitions Implications of Terms and Definitions Making Room for a Big Tent References Chapter 2 Prevalence of Workplace Bullying and Mobbing among U.S. Working Adults: What Do the Numbers Mean? Defining Elements of Workplace Bullying and Mobbing: What Distinguishes Them from the Rest? Measurement: How We Ask the Question Shapes the Answer We Get Time Referent: The Longer the Time Frame, The Higher the Rate Sample: Whom We Ask and How We Recruit Them Shapes Prevalence and Profile Source: Who Does It Shapes the Experience and the Impact Purpose for Study: Why We Want to Know Shapes How We Ask the Question In Sum: What Is the “Real” Prevalence? References Chapter 3 Risk Factors for Becoming a Target of Workplace Bullying and Mobbing Do Target Personalities Predict Bullying? Blaming Victims Unwanted, Uninvited Assault Why Not Fight Back? Gender and Targethood Race and Targethood When There Is a History of Prior Abuse Target Behaviors as Predictors Strength and Optimism Are Liabilities Behavioral Antecedents to Targethood Perpetrators’ Characteristics Ostracism, Isolation, and Self-Harm Powerful Bullying-Related Emotions—Shame and Guilt Perceived Injustice and Obsessiveness Anger and Embitterment What Stops the Bullying? An Imagined Future Understanding of Bullying and Targets Targets Are the Best of Us Uniqueness of the WBI Perspective References Chapter 4 Organizational Risk Factors: An Integrative Model for Understanding, Treating, and Preventing Mobbing and Bullying in the Workplace The Failure of Zero-Tolerance Policies and the Case for an Integrative Model Research Support for the Integrative Model Organizational Dynamics Individual Dynamics Work Team Dynamics Illustration of Individual, Group, and Organizational Dynamics in a Case of Mobbing Concluding Note Note References Part II: Examining the Impact of Workplace Bullying and Mobbing Chapter 5 Workplace Bullying and Mobbing and the Health of Targets Definitions of Words and Terms Negative Health Outcomes Associated with Workplace Bullying Other Forms of Abusive Social Phenomena Public Health and Occupational Health In Closing References Chapter 6 The Psychosocial Impact of Workplace Bullying and Mobbing on Targets Work and Personal Identities Exclusion, Social Pain, and Loss of Work Friendships and Relationships After Bullying and Mobbing: Professional Reputation and Reemployability Belief in a Just World: Why It Is Important Psychosocial Impacts of Bullying and Mobbing and Recovery: A Brief Note Conclusion References Chapter 7 Workplace Bullying and Mobbing: A Neuropsychotherapeutic Perspective Bullying Defined and the Absence of Reference to Neuroscience and the Brain Neural Development and Connectivity The Developing Brain and Genetics Bullying and Neurochemicals Bullying and Neural Structures From Neuroscience to Interventions Summary References Chapter 8 Vicarious and Secondary Victimization in Adult Bullying and Mobbing: Coworkers, Target-Partners, Children, and Friends People at Work: Coworkers and Bystanders People Away From Work: Intimate Partners, Children, and Friends Discussion and Directions of Future Research Conclusion Notes References Chapter 9 When Workplace Bullying and Mobbing Occur: The Impact on Organizations Individual-Level Affective Attitudinal and Behavioral Consequences Group-Level Negative Consequences for Organizations Organization-Level Negative Consequences Conclusion References Part III: Prevention of Workplace Bullying and Mobbing Chapter 10 How Awareness and Education Can Help with Recognition of Workplace Bullying and Mobbing Indirect Public Education Direct Public Education Modest Successes American Zeitgeist References Appendix Chapter 11 The Role of Human Resources in Bullying and Mobbing Prevention Efforts Organizational Role of HR Professionals Perceptions of HR’s Role and Performance HR’s Decision to Intervene in a Workplace Conflict—Is It Bullying or Not? Organizational Strategies to Deal with Workplace Bullying and Mobbing Conclusions References Chapter 12 Innovative Practices in Workplace Conflict Resolution Understanding Both Positive and Negative Conflict Understanding Common Roles in Conflicts Explaining Workplace Bullying Restorative Practice: A Promising Workplace Intervention Coaching Workplace Offenders Working with Workplace Targets Working with Workplace Bystanders and Supporters Three-Part System for Preventing and Correcting Workplace Bullying The Value of an Independent Ombuds for Safe Reporting Building Workplace Capacity for Civility Other Promising Workplace Bullying Interventions Conclusion References Volume 2: Workplace Bullying and Mobbing in the United States Title Copyright Contents Foreword Preface Part IV: Utilizing Effective Interventions in Responding to Workplace Bullying and Mobbing Chapter 13 Best Practices in Psychotherapy for Targets of Workplace Bullying and Mobbing The Question of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Trauma-Informed Care Specific Treatment Modalities for Trauma Conclusion References Chapter 14 Best Practices in Coaching for Targets of Workplace Bullying and Mobbing How Coaching Differs From Psychotherapy for Target-Victims of Workplace Bullying and Mobbing The Coaching Process Practitioner Skills Required for Effective Coaching for Targets of Workplace Bullying and Mobbing Legal and Regulatory Issues Associated with Coaching Target-Victims of Workplace Bullying and Mobbing Case Illustration: Jennifer Conclusion References Chapter 15 Best Practices in Coaching for Aggressors and Offenders in Workplace Bullying and Mobbing Conclusion and a Call for Empirical Research Note References Chapter 16 The Role of the Consultant in Assessing and Preventing Workplace Bullying and Mobbing Antecedents to Traditional Consulting American Employer Attitudes and Reactions Indirect Alternatives to Workplace Bullying Consulting A Requisite Policy Goal: A Comprehensive Approach to Workplace Bullying Solutions The Reality of Incomplete Initiatives Fragility of the Commitment to Change Emergent Union Interest When Courts Are the Client Conclusion References Chapter 17 The Role of the Ombuds in Addressing Workplace Bullying and Mobbing Historical Perspective on the Ombuds The Distinctive Role of the Ombuds in Organizational Conflict Resolution The Ombuds as a Trust Leader Enhancing Workplace Culture Building Trust in the Workplace Challenges to Establishing an Office of the Ombuds Strategies for Ombuds for Addressing and Reducing Workplace Bullying Emerging Advanced Skills for the Ombuds Conclusion References Part V: The Legal Landscape in the United States for Workplace Bullying and Mobbing Chapter 18 The American Legal Landscape: Potential Redress and Liability for Workplace Bullying and Mobbing Early Research Forays The Healthy Workplace Bill Healthy Workplace Legislation, Statutes, and Ordinances Implications for Employee Relations Stakeholders and Mental Health Providers Larger Perspectives References Chapter 19 Comparing and Contrasting Workplace Bullying and Mobbing Laws in Other Countries with the American Legal Landscape International Overview of Workplace Bullying and the Law European Region at the Forefront Workplace Bullying and Mobbing Laws in Individual European Countries Relevant Provisions of Individual European Countries’ Laws Cultural Influences Lessons for the United States and Multinational Employers Part VI: Workplace Bullying and Mobbing within Specific Employment Sectors Chapter 20 Workplace Bullying and Mobbing in the Health Care Sector Labels Used to Describe Bullying-Type Behaviors Prevalence Rates: Current Estimates and Methodological Issues Factors Which Contribute to Workplace Bullying in Healthcare Current Responses to Workplace Bullying Going Forward: Moving from Individual Level to Systemic Initiatives Conclusion References Chapter 21 Workplace Bullying and Mobbing in K–12 Settings: School Principal Mistreatment and Abuse of Teachers The Pervasiveness of Workplace Mistreatment and Abuse Principal Mistreatment and Abuse Studies Related to Studies of Other Organizations and Occupations Comparison of Findings Produced by the U.S. Workplace Bullying Survey with Findings of Research on Mistreatment and Abuse in U.S. Education Conclusion References Chapter 22 Workplace Bullying and Mobbing in U.S. Higher Education Definitional, Conceptual, and Methodological Issues The Prevalence, Nature, and Experience of Academic Bullying and Mobbing Understanding the Context Approaches for Addressing Academic Bullying and Mobbing Conclusion References Chapter 23 Workplace Bullying and Mobbing in the Public Service Sector and the Role of Unions Setting the Stage Obligations of Unions Public Sector Workplaces and Their Systems Grievance Processes Challenges in Union Representation of Bullying and Mobbing Targets Behavioral Pattern Recognition Systems within Systems Public System and Politics Enabling Behaviors that Favor the Bully Resilience Examples of Interventions Impact of Success Conclusion References Chapter 24 Workplace Bullying and Mobbing in the Corporate Sector Workplace Bullying Generally Workplace Bullying Victims Effect of Workplace Bullying on Employers Causes of Workplace Bullying Responses to Workplace Bullying Obstacles to Antibullying Efforts References Appendix A Appendix B-1 Appendix B-2 Appendix B-3 Chapter 25 Workplace Bullying and Mobbing in the Nonprofit Sector Introduction to the Nonprofit Sector Statement of the Problem Literature Review Our Research Manifestations of Workplace Bullying in Nonprofit Organizations Impacts of Toxic Leadership on the Nonprofit Sector Causes of Toxic Leadership in the Nonprofit Sector Possible Solutions Conclusion References Epilogue: An Agenda for Moving Forward Organizational Prevention and Response Mental Health and Coaching Law and Public Policy Changing Workplace Standards Toward a “Dignitarian” Society References About the Editors and Contributors Editors Contributors Index __Workplace Bullying and Mobbing in the United States__The contributors to this outstanding work include researchers, practitioners, and policy and subject-matter experts who are widely recognized as authorities on workplace bullying and mobbing, including Drs. Gary and Ruth Namie, cofounders of the U.S. workplace anti-bullying movement; Drs. Maureen Duffy and Len Sperry, internationally recognized authorities on workplace mobbing; and professor David Yamada, leading expert on the legal aspects of workplace bullying. The set's content will be of particular value to scholars and practitioners in disciplines that overlap with American labor and employee relations, industrial/organizational psychology and mental health, and law and conflict resolution.