Working women of Manila in the 19th century

"The work documents the life of gainfully employed women in the 19th century. Seven occupations of women were studied, namely, the cigarreras (tobacco factory workers), the matronas titulares (licensed midwives), the maestras (teachers), the criadas (female domestic workers), the tenderas and vendadoras (store owners and vendors), the costureras and bordadoras (seamstresses and embroiderers), and the mujeres publicas (prostitutes)."--BOOK JACKET. "With women often absent or marginalized in the pages of history, the study attempts to unravel through archival sources and other non-documentary sources like literature and iconography the life of these working women. Despite the meager archival materials on women and more specifically working women, this study prides itself in having used primary sources to document working Filipino women during the Spanish period."--Jacket Frontmatter Acknowledgement (page vii) Foreword (page ix) Introduction (page 1) 1 The Cigarreras (page 3) 2 The Vendadoras and the Tenderas (page 23) 3 The Bordadoras and the Costureras (page 39) 4 Las Criadas (page 45) 5 Las Maestras (page 61) 6 Matronas Titulares (page 81) 7 Mujeres Publicas (page 99) Conclusion (page 119) Bibliography (page 131) Appendix A List of Maestras Dismissed from the Fabrica de Princesa as of 1874 (page 145) B List of Domestic Servants in 1852 (page 151) C List of Female Domestic Servants not Included in the List of Tribute Payers for the Reason of Being Minors (page 159) D List of Applicants for the Titulo de Maestra de Instruccion Primaria (page 160) E Reports Submitted by Matronas Titulares (page 172) F Prostitucion 1862‒1879 (page 183) Glossary (page 189) Index (page 193)