Working for His Majesty : research notes on labor mobilization in late Shang China (ca. 1200-1045 B.C.), as seen in the oracle-bone inscriptions, with particular attention to handicraft industries, agriculture, warfare, hunting, construction, and the Shan

Research Notes on Labor Mobilization in Late Shang China (ca. 1200-1045 B.C.), as Seen in the Oracle-Bone Inscriptions, with Particular Attention to Handicraft Industries, Agriculture, Warfare, Hunting, Construction, and the ShangDealing with the Shang dynasty (ca. 1200-1045 B.C.), the first to leave written records in North China, this work focuses on the artisan corps, labor mobilization, farming, warfare, hunting, building, leadership, and culture"--Provided by publisher. Cover 1 Notes to this edition 2 Dedication Page 5 Title Page 7 Copyright Page 8 Contents 9 Preface 13 Notes about the Sources, Citation, and Transcription Conventions 19 1. Introduction: The Setting 27 2. The Work and the Workshops 35 Bone Working 35 Stone and Jade Working 39 Pottery 41 Textiles 42 Wood Working 43 Bronze Casting 45 Cowries: Bone and Bronze 52 The Emergence of Writing 53 The Workshops 54 The Products 56 3. The Artisan Corps 59 The Status of the Artisans 59 The Duo Gong 多工 60 “The Many Strikers” 66 Summary 70 The Dependent Laborers of Shang 72 A Note on Population 74 4. The Zhong 眾 and the Ren 人 76 The Status of the Workers: Slave, Free, or Dependent 79 The Differences Between the Zhong 眾 and the Ren 人 84 5. Punishments, Human Sacrifice, and Accompanying-in-Death 89 Possible Punishments 89 The Qiang 羌 and Duo Qiang 多羌: A Sample Case 92 Human Sacrifice and Accompanying-in-Death 95 6. Labor Mobilization 104 The Verbs for “Mobilize” 104 The Verbs for “Making an Offering” 107 7. Who Was Mobilized 112 8. The Occupational Lineages 118 9. Numbers 123 Accuracy of the Figures 125 Casualties among the Zhong 眾 127 Casualties among the Ren 人 130 10. Work Schedule of the Diviners 132 Discussion 142 11. Leadership 145 12. The Work: Agriculture 150 The Agricultural Context 151 Late Shang Agriculture 152 The Powers and the Weather 155 Agricultural Tools 157 The Yi 邑 and Tian 田 158 The Peasantry and the Population 161 Dynastic Agriculture 162 The Ritual Dimension 178 Opening Up New Land 187 The Use of Fire 192 Irrigation 194 Conclusions 199 13. The Work: Warfare 200 Leadership in Warfare 200 Army Organization 205 Penetration 210 Horse-chariot Units and the Shang Army 213 Shang Weapons 215 Shang Military History 216 14. The Work: Hunting 220 15. The Work: Construction 226 Wall Construction 226 Rammed-Earth Construction 229 Settlements and Buildings 230 Temples and Other Buildings 231 Drainage 234 Royal and Other Tombs 236 16. Some Elements of Ritual Concern 240 17. The Role of Geopolitics and Culture 246 Ancestor Worship 246 Other Demands for Work 252 The Role of Writing 256 The Creation of the Ancestors 258 18. The Legacies 262 Figure 270 Tables 272 Appendix 1. Inscription Glosses 276 Appendix 2. Glossary of Shang Terms and Phrases 301 Bibliography A. Abbreviations for the Oracle-Bone Collections and Other Reference Works 394 Bibliography B. Other Works Cited 399 Key to the Inscriptions Translated 509 Index 514 Back Cover 536 Dealing With The Shang Dynasty (ca. 1200-1045 B.c.), The First To Leave Written Records In North China, This Work Focuses On The Artisan Corps, Labor Mobilization, Farming, Warfare, Hunting, Building, Leadership, And Culture--provided By Publisher. David N. Keightley. Includes Bibliographical References And Index.