Word Order in Ancient Greek: A Pragmatic Account of Word Order Variation in Herodotus (Amsterdam Studies in Classical Philology , No 5) (Amsterdam Studies in Classical Philology, 5)

WORD ORDER IN ANCIENT GREEK: A PRAGMATIC ACCOUNT OF WORD ORDER VARIATION IN HERODOTUS TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface 1 Introduction 1.1 Word order variation in Greek 1.2 Domains and explanations of word order: a preliminary survey 1.2.1 Euphony 1.2.2 Syntax 1.2.3 Semantics 1.2.4 Pragmatics 1.3 Method 2 The Pragmatic Framework Step 1: The status of referents at the level of the text Step 2: The presentation of referents at the level of the clause 3 The Greek Particles Revisited: Implications for Word Order and Information Structure 3.1 'Peninitial position' and the unit of analysis 3.1.1 Postpositives in classical Greek 3.1.2 Second word in the sentence 3.1.3 Postpositives as boundary markers 3.1.4 Implications for the analysis of Greek sentences 3.1.5 Postpositive-like behaviour of mobile elements 3.2 Pragmatic function markers 3.2.1 Markers for counter-presuppositional Focus 3.2.2 Advancing through selection: the role of καὶ δὴ καί 3.2.3 The structure of contrast: About μέν and δέ 4 The Order of Warfare: Στρατεύομαι 4.1 Permutations of the predicate and its arguments: a survey 4.2 Topic assignment and the predicate 4.3 Some problems in Focus assignment 4.3.1 Complex Focus 4.3.2 Counter-presuppositional Focus 4.4 Beyond the limits of the clause 4.4.1 Expansion by extension 4.4.2 Discontinuity 4.4.3 Heads and participles: apart and/or together? 4.5 Appendix, statistics, and conclusion 5 To Rule Or Be Ruled: The Use of .... and βασιλεύω in Discourse 5.1 The first argument of βασιλεύω 5.1.1 Preposed first arguments 5.1.2 Postposed first arguments 5.1.3 The first argument of βασιλεύω - conclusion 5.2 The second argument of βασιλεύω 5.3 The order of command: ἄρχω in the Histories 5.4 ἄρχω in 'normal narrative' 5.4.1 Al-A2-P 5.4.2 A2-Al-P 5.4.3 Al-P-A2 5.4.4 A2-P-Al 5.4.5 P-Al-A2 5.4.6 P-A2-Al 5.5 ἄρχω in the catalogue of Xerxes' troops (7.61-80) 5.6 The predicate στρατηγέω 5.7 Other cases of interest 5.7.1 Subdivision 5.7.2 Focus assignment 5.7.3 Two problems 5.8 Appendix 5.8.1 βασιλεύω 5.8.2 ἄρχω 6 Four Manners of Speaking 6.0 Introduction 6.1 The position of the first argument 6.1.1 The position of the first argument with λέγει 6.1.2 The position of the first argument with ἔγεγε 6.1.3 The position of the first argument with εἶπε 6.1.4 The position of the first argument with ἔλεε 6.2 The position of the addressee constituent 6.2.1 The position of the addressee constituent with λέγει 6.2.2 The position of the addressee constituent with έλεγε 6.2.3 The position of the addressee constituent with είπε 6.2.4 The position of the addressee constituent with έλεξε 6.3.1 The position of the second argument 6.3.2 Pronominal second arguments and other constituents 6.4 The function of the forms 6.5 Appendix 6.5.1 λέγει 6.5.2 ἔλεγε 6.5.3 εἶπε 6.5.4 έλεξε 7 Predicates Can Be Topics 7.1 Predicate constituents as Topics - the data 7.1.1 (Near) synonyms 7.1.2 From highly to hardly inferrable predicates 7.1.3 Identification, location, possession, attribution, ... presentation: The description of clauseinitial είναι 7.1.4 Interim conclusion: The case for Topic assignment to predicate constituents 7.2 Introducing new participants 8 Toward the Analysis of Running Discourse 8.1 Word order in the description of Thrace (5.3-5.10) 8.2 Word order in the Pythius episode (7.27-29) 9 Studies in Greek Word Order 9.1 Dover (1960): Greek Word Order 9.2 Loepfe (1940): Die Wortstellung im griechischen Sprechsatz 9.3 Frisk (1933): Studien zur griechischen Wortstellung 9.4 Epilogue - On syntactical approaches References Index SAMENVATTING WORD ORDER IN ANCIENT GREEK: A PRAGMATIC ACCOUNT OF WORD ORDER VARIATION IN HERODOTUS TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface 1 Introduction 1.1 Word order variation in Greek 1.2 Domains and explanations of word order: a preliminary survey 1.2.1 Euphony 1.2.2 Syntax 1.2.3 Semantics 1.2.4 Pragmatics 1.3 Method 2 The Pragmatic Framework Step 1: The status of referents at the level of the text Step 2: The presentation of referents at the level of the clause 3 The Greek Particles Revisited: Implications for Word Order and Information Structure 3.1 'Peninitial position' and the unit of analysis 3.1.1 Postpositives in classical Greek 3.1.2 Second word in the sentence 3.1.3 Postpositives as boundary markers 3.1.4 Implications for the analysis of Greek sentences 3.1.5 Postpositive-like behaviour of mobile elements 3.2 Pragmatic function markers 3.2.1 Markers for counter-presuppositional Focus 3.2.2 Advancing through selection: the role of καὶ δὴ καί 3.2.3 The structure of contrast: About μέν and δέ 4 The Order of Warfare: Στρατεύομαι 4.1 Permutations of the predicate and its arguments: a survey 4.2 Topic assignment and the predicate 4.3 Some problems in Focus assignment 4.3.1 Complex Focus 4.3.2 Counter-presuppositional Focus 4.4 Beyond the limits of the clause 4.4.1 Expansion by extension 4.4.2 Discontinuity 4.4.3 Heads and participles: apart and/or together? 4.5 Appendix, statistics, and conclusion 5 To Rule Or Be Ruled: The Use of .... and βασιλεύω in Discourse 5.1 The first argument of βασιλεύω 5.1.1 Preposed first arguments 5.1.2 Postposed first arguments 5.1.3 The first argument of βασιλεύω - conclusion 5.2 The second argument of βασιλεύω 5.3 The order of command: ἄρχω in the Histories 5.4 ἄρχω in 'normal narrative' 5.4.1 Al-A2-P 5.4.2 A2-Al-P 5.4.3 Al-P-A2 5.4.4 A2-P-Al 5.4.5 P-Al-A2 5.4.6 P-A2-Al 5.5 ἄρχω in the catalogue of Xerxes' troops (7.61-80) 5.6 The predicate στρατηγέω 5.7 Other cases of interest 5.7.1 Subdivision 5.7.2 Focus assignment 5.7.3 Two problems 5.8 Appendix 5.8.1 βασιλεύω 5.8.2 ἄρχω 6 Four Manners of Speaking 6.0 Introduction 6.1 The position of the first argument 6.1.1 The position of the first argument with λέγει 6.1.2 The position of the first argument with ἔγεγε 6.1.3 The position of the first argument with εἶπε 6.1.4 The position of the first argument with ἔλεε 6.2 The position of the addressee constituent 6.2.1 The position of the addressee constituent with λέγει 6.2.2 The position of the addressee constituent with έλεγε 6.2.3 The position of the addressee constituent with είπε 6.2.4 The position of the addressee constituent with έλεξε 6.3.1 The position of the second argument 6.3.2 Pronominal second arguments and other constituents 6.4 The function of the forms 6.5 Appendix 6.5.1 λέγει 6.5.2 ἔλεγε 6.5.3 εἶπε 6.5.4 έλεξε 7 Predicates Can Be Topics 7.1 Predicate constituents as Topics - the data 7.1.1 (Near) synonyms 7.1.2 From highly to hardly inferrable predicates 7.1.3 Identification, location, possession, attribution, ... presentation: The description of clauseinitial είναι 7.1.4 Interim conclusion: The case for Topic assignment to predicate constituents 7.2 Introducing new participants 8 Toward the Analysis of Running Discourse 8.1 Word order in the description of Thrace (5.3-5.10) 8.2 Word order in the Pythius episode (7.27-29) 9 Studies in Greek Word Order 9.1 Dover (1960): Greek Word Order 9.2 Loepfe (1940): Die Wortstellung im griechischen Sprechsatz 9.3 Frisk (1933): Studien zur griechischen Wortstellung 9.4 Epilogue - On syntactical approaches References Index SAMENVATTING Helma Dik Originally Presented As The Author's Thesis-- University Of Amsterdam. Includes Bibliographical References (p. [283]-289) And Index. Summary In Dutch.