دسترسی زنان به عدالت انتقالی در تیمور-لسته: نامه‌های کور

"Seeing the role of transitional justice as an area of contestation, this book focuses on the principle of equality guaranteed in the access to transitional justice mechanisms. By raising women's experiences in dealing with the law and policies as well as the implications of community and family practices during post-conflict situations, the book shows how these mechanisms may have been implemented mechanically, without considering the different intersections of discrimination, the public and private divides that exist in the local context or the stereotypes and values of international and national actors. The book argues that without unpacking the barriers in the administration of transitional justice, the different mechanisms that are implemented in a post-conflict situation may set a higher threshold for the participation of women. Moreover, by taking into account women's perceptions of justice, it further argues that scholars have paid insufficient attention to the welfare structures that are produced after a conflict, particularly the pensions of veterans. Going beyond the focus on sexual violence, a relationship between the violations and post-conflict economic justice may have longer-term consequences for women since it perpetuates their inequality and lack of recognition in times of peace. The use of transitional justice may thus exacerbate the invisibility of and discrimination against certain sections of the population. Inspired by the work of Hannah Arendt and based on extensive field research in Timor-Leste, the book has larger implications for the overarching debate on the social consequences of transitional justice"-- Provided by publisher Acknowledgements Table of Contents Abbreviations Map of Timor-Leste 1. Introduction: 'The Blind Letters' I. Transitional Justice: A Brief Overview II. Women’s Rights within Transitional Justice III. A Feminist Research IV. Ethics of the Research Undertaken V. Structure 2. Transitional Justice in Timor-Leste: 'Loron Loron, Kalan Kalan' I. The Background: History of Timor-Leste II. International Legal Framework III. Human Rights Violations IV. On Justice Received V. Access to Transitional Justice VI. Women’s Participation in Transitional Justice VII. Barriers Faced by Women When They Access Transitional Justice VIII. Conclusions 3. Silence and Memory: ‘They are Waiting for Us to Die’ I. Women’s Silence and Lack of Recognition after a Conflict II. On Women’s Silence in Timor-Leste III. On Memory: Hyper-Masculinisation of Society and National Identity IV. The Continuum of Violations against Women V. What Women Want VI. Conclusions 4. Women and Prosecution: ‘We Captured the Dogs But Not the Owners of the Dogs’ I. Prosecutions in Timor-Leste II. The Legislation III. Accounts of Crimes Committed against Women IV. The Public: The Investigations V. The Public: The Proceedings VI. The Private Interference VII. Sentences, Women and the Follow-Up VIII. Conclusions 5. Women, Truth and Reconciliation: ‘Here Comes the Victim’ I. The CAVR II. Focus of the CAVR on Women III. The CTF and its Focus on Women IV. Women’s Participation V. Different Reconciliation Discourses VI. Women’s Healing and the Understanding of Truth VII. Women’s Recognition and Political Follow-Up VIII. Conclusions 6. Women’s Access to Reparations: ‘Men Were the Most Affected’ I. The Complexity of Reparations II. Reparations Provided by the UN, Including the Special Panels III. Reparations Provided by the Truth Commissions IV. Reparations Established in the Chega! Report V. Reparations Provided by the Timorese State VI. The Way Forward VII. Conclusions 7. Women’s Access to Post-conflict Benefits: ‘Because I Did Not Hold a Gun’ I. DDR, Veterans’ Pensions and the Exclusion of Women II. The Veterans’ Pensions in Timor-Leste III. The Veterans' Pension Law and Discrimination Against Women IV. The Implementation: Local Committees of Veterans and the Private Dynamics V. Getting More Private: The Pensions Within the Family VI. (Un)Expected Effects of the Timorese Veterans' Pensions VII. The Limits of the Discourse on Rights VIII. Conclusions 8. Conclusions: 'So it Does Not Happen Again' Appendix Bibliography Index "This book offers a panoramic assessment of access to transitional justice from a gender perspective. Dealing with conflict, justice and women, it also contains a post-colonial theoretical component. It offers a deep analysis of the situation in Timor-Leste. Empirical evidence drawn from interviews with female participants in its post-conflict reconciliations and reparations mechanisms, as well as from judges and prosecutors, gives a fascinating insight into precisely how justice was served. In so doing it contributes to debates concerning women's participation in transitional justice and addresses how gender equality should be conceived in post-conflict states seeking to rebuild. Human rights scholars, practitioner as well as NGO workers will find this unique and thought-provoking study invaluable."