Windows 8.1

Bookboon, 2014. — 151 p. — ISBN: 978-87-403-0763-4 This book is for anyone with very little or no experience in using the operating system Windows 8.1. I like to think of it as a handy, offline Encyclopedia, that answers most of the questions you might have about Windows 8.1. It can also be used to get inspired to use some of Windows 8.1 less known functionalities.Like everything else you use almost every day, it is satisfactory to know as much about the options you are offered as possible. Read the entire book, and you will gain a very high degree of knowledge about the possibilities Windows 8.1 offers you. Preface This book is aimed at new users of the operating system Windows 8.1, installed on stationary computers or laptops. Users of computers with touchscreens, like tablets, may also enjoy the book, even though navigating on touchscreens is only described in chapter 5.1.3 Navigate on a touchscreen If you are not an experienced user of a computer, you will hopefully find answers to many of your questions in this book. If you are comfortable working with Windows 7 you will probably find many things have changed in Windows 8.1. Windows 8 was undoubtly designed for a touchscreen, with big ‘tappable’ tiles in place of small, fiddly buttons to click on. There are two whole new Graphical User Interfaces: the Start screen and the Apps view (read more in chapter 6 Graphic User Interfaces...). That design has been modified in Windows 8.1 to satify the needs of users using mouse and keyboard. If you read this book from the start to the end you will learn a lot about possible uses and the functionalities of Windows 8.1. But this is not the primary purpose with this book. The idea is, that is nice to have the book as a practical, offline Encyclopedia, that quickly can answer common user questions about Windows 8.1. Users may need relevant office programs, like word processing, calculation sheets and so on a calender for your lectures, homework, meetings and more tools of communication, like webmail, Skype, podio, msn and more download1 of materials, like free books at bookboon.com social media, like facebook, twitter, instagram, snapchat and so on news and weather forecasts streaming2 of audio og video, like television programs, YouTube, Spotify and so on and a lot of other stuff With Windows 8.1 comes a number of programs, that will satisfy some of the above mentioned needs. Furthermore you can download programs/apps from Windows Store (try e.g. the search text “student” and see what happens), and from various websites on the Internet. Your organisation will probably be able to help you with other needs. The author can not be held responsible for any content on any websites, downloads, hyperlinks or any other things mentioned in this book, since it can be subject to change or misuse. Enjoy your reading. Content Foreword The structure of this book: The structure of this book Operating systems: What is an operating system? Upgrading to Windows 8.1: Requirements for upgrading to Windows 8.1, Before starting the installation, Do it Navigation: Navigate with a mouse Graphic user interfaces in Windows 8.1: The Start screen, Elements of the Start screen, Start screen background, The Apps view, Elements in the Apps view, Show several apps simultaneously, The Desktop, Elements on the Desktop, Icons, Windows, The Taskbar Charms: The Search Charm, The Share Charm, The Start Charm, The Devices Charm, The Settings Charm Searching: Search from the start screen, Search with File Explorer, Search with Help Storage of datafiles: Storage from Apps, Storage from Desktop-programs, Libraries, Hierarchy of folders, Types of files Computer connections:Networks, CD-rom/DVD-drives, USB-drives, Printers Important programs: Computer Oriented programs, User oriented programs The Internet:: Introduction, Security on the Internet, Cloud computing, Create a Microsoft-account, Outlook, OneDrive, Skype Windows Store: Download an app from Store, Automatically update of apps, Compatibility, Recommended apps from Store News and tricks for Windows 8.1: News, Tricks Content Introduction and motivation Basic concepts Learning objectives Some economic concepts Some statistical concepts A short history of EMU Learning objectives The roadmap to EMU Convergence criteria The concept of an optimal currency area Advantages and disadvantages of a monetary union Some controversies about the road Institutions Learning objectives The European Central Bank Presidents of the European Central Bank The Rise of the Euro A closer look at the U.S. Federal Reserve System A closer look at the Bank of Japan A closer look at the Bank of England Decision-making modalities Independence and accountability Inflation Learning objectives Basic concepts Effects of inflation Measuring inflation Core and non-core inflation Measurement problems Causes of inflation Learning objectives The Quantity Theory The Phillips Curve The P-Star Approach The aggregate supply and demand models The frequency decomposition approach Role and limitations of monetary policy Empirical evidence for the euro area Monetary policy strategies Learning objectives Intermediate targets and indicators Monetary policy strategies The monetary policy strategy of the ECB Definition and role of money Financial markets Learning objectives Functions of the financial system Direct and indirect finance Financial institutions Interest rates Learning objectives Basic considerations Present value and future value Determinants of interest rates Determinants of the term structure Money markets Learning objectives Basic considerations Some key interest rates worldwide Bond markets Learning objectives Basic considerations Types of bonds Calculating the value of a bond Bond ratings Stock markets Learning objectives Basic considerations Calculating the value of a stock Technical and fundamental analysis Stock market indices Foreign exchange markets Learning objectives Basic considerations Purchasing power parity Interest rate parity Exchange market interventions Exchange rate regimes ERM II Derivative markets Learning objectives Basic considerations Forward and futures contracts Swaps Options Credit Default Swaps Market efficiency Learning objectives Forms of efficiency Behavioural finance Money supply and money demand Learning objectives Monetary aggregates The money supply process Money demand On the control of money supply The monetary policy transmission process Time lags of monetary policy Interest–rate decisions of the ECB Monetary policy instruments in the euro area Monetary policy in times of financial crisis Enhanced credit support The Securities Market Programme Three-year longer-term refinancing operations Outright Monetary Transactions Forward guidance TARGET- issues The way forward Monetary policy in practice Learning objectives Real interest rates Monetary Condition Indices The McCallum rule The Taylor rule Monetary indicators Asset price imbalances and monetary policy Learning objectives Asset price imbalances Some historical examples Detecting asset price booms and busts Early warning indicator models Monetary policy, asset and consumer prices Monetary policy responses Questions for review List of symbols and abbreviations Glossary References Endnotes Obsah Introduction and motivation Basic concepts Learning objectives Some economic concepts Some statistical concepts A short history of EMU Learning objectives The roadmap to EMU Convergence criteria The concept of an optimal currency area Advantages and disadvantages of a monetary union Some controversies about the road Institutions Learning objectives The European Central Bank Presidents of the European Central Bank The Rise of the Euro A closer look at the U.S. Federal Reserve System A closer look at the Bank of Japan A closer look at the Bank of England Decision-making modalities Independence and accountability Inflation Learning objectives Basic concepts Effects of inflation Measuring inflation Core and non-core inflation Measurement problems Causes of inflation Learning objectives The Quantity Theory The Phillips Curve The P-Star Approach The aggregate supply and demand models The frequency decomposition approach Role and limitations of monetary policy Empirical evidence for the euro area Monetary policy strategies Learning objectives Intermediate targets and indicators Monetary policy strategies The monetary policy strategy of the ECB Definition and role of money Financial markets Learning objectives Functions of the financial system Direct and indirect finance Financial institutions Interest rates Learning objectives Basic considerations Present value and future value Determinants of interest rates Determinants of the term structure Money markets Learning objectives Basic considerations Some key interest rates worldwide Bond markets Learning objectives Basic considerations Types of bonds Calculating the value of a bond Bond ratings Stock markets Learning objectives Basic considerations Calculating the value of a stock Technical and fundamental analysis Stock market indices Foreign exchange markets Learning objectives Basic considerations Purchasing power parity Interest rate parity Exchange market interventions Exchange rate regimes ERM II Derivative markets Learning objectives Basic considerations Forward and futures contracts Swaps Options Credit Default Swaps Market efficiency Learning objectives Forms of efficiency Behavioural finance Money supply and money demand Learning objectives Monetary aggregates The money supply process Money demand On the control of money supply The monetary policy transmission process Time lags of monetary policy Interest–rate decisions of the ECB Monetary policy instruments in the euro area Monetary policy in times of financial crisis Enhanced credit support The Securities Market Programme Three-year longer-term refinancing operations Outright Monetary Transactions Forward guidance TARGET- issues The way forward Monetary policy in practice Learning objectives Real interest rates Monetary Condition Indices The McCallum rule The Taylor rule Monetary indicators Asset price imbalances and monetary policy Learning objectives Asset price imbalances Some historical examples Detecting asset price booms and busts Early warning indicator models Monetary policy, asset and consumer prices Monetary policy responses Questions for review List of symbols and abbreviations Glossary References Endnotes This book attempts to inform the reader in a comprehensive and accessible way about the analytical background and institutional setting of euro area monetary policy. Based on a rigorous description of selected financial markets and their driving forces, the theory and practice of monetary policy are explained in detail and illustrated by a number of up-to-date real world examples. You can download the book for free via the link below.