Wind Energy Handbook

Named as one of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles of 2012 Every year, Choice subject editors recognise the most significant print and electronic works reviewed in Choice during the previous calendar year. Appearing annually in Choice 's January issue, this prestigious list of publications reflects the best in scholarly titles and attracts extraordinary attention from the academic library community. The authoritative reference on wind energy, now fully revised and updated to include offshore wind power A decade on from its first release, the Wind Energy Handbook , Second Edition, reflects the advances in technology underpinning the continued expansion of the global wind power sector. Harnessing their collective industrial and academic expertise, the authors provide a comprehensive introduction to wind turbine design and wind farm planning for onshore and offshore wind-powered electricity generation. The major change since the first edition is the addition of a new chapter on offshore wind turbines and offshore wind farm development. Opening with a survey of the present state of offshore wind farm development, the chapter goes on to consider resource assessment and array losses. Then wave loading on support structures is examined in depth, including wind and wave load combinations and descriptions of applicable wave theories. After sections covering optimum machine size and offshore turbine reliability, the different types of support structure deployed to date are described in turn, with emphasis on monopiles, including fatigue analysis in the frequency domain. Final sections examine the assessment of environmental impacts and the design of the power collection and transmission cable network. New coverage features: turbulence models updated to reflect the latest design standards, including an introduction to the Mann turbulence model extended treatment of horizontal axis wind turbines aerodynamics, now including a survey of wind turbine aerofoils, dynamic stall and computational fluid dynamics developments in turbine design codes techniques for extrapolating extreme loads from simulation results an introduction to the NREL cost model comparison of options for variable speed operation in-depth treatment of individual blade pitch control grid code requirements and the principles governing the connection of large wind farms to transmission networks four pages of full-colour pictures that illustrate blade manufacture, turbine construction and offshore support structure installation Firmly established as an essential reference, Wind Energy Handbook , Second Edition will prove a real asset to engineers, turbine designers and wind energy consultants both in industry and research. Advanced engineering students and new entrants to the wind energy sector will also find it an invaluable resource. Introduction. Historical development -- Modern wind turbines -- Scope of the book -- Wind resource. Nature of the wind -- Geographical variation in the wind resource -- Long-term wind speed variations -- Annual and seasonal variations -- Synoptic and diurnal variations -- Turbulence -- Gust wind speeds -- Extreme wind speeds -- Wind speed prediction and forecasting -- Turbulence in wakes and wind farms -- Turbulence in complex terrain -- Aerodynamics of horizontal axis wind turbines. Introduction -- Actuator disc concept -- Rotor disc theory -- Vortex cylinder model of the actuator disc -- Rotor blade theory (blade-element / momentum theory) -- Breakdown of the momentum theory -- Blade geometry -- Effects of a discrete number of blades -- Stall delay -- Calculated results for an actual turbine -- Performance curves -- Constant rotational speed operation -- Pitch regulation -- Comparison of measured with theoretical performance -- Variable speed operation -- Estimation of energy capture -- Wind turbine aerofoil design -- Appendix A3 : lift and drag of aerofoils -- Further aerodynamic topics for wind turbines. Introduction -- Aerodynamics of turbines in steady yaw -- Method of acceleration potential -- Unsteady flow -- Quasi-steady aerofoil aerodynamics -- Dynamic stall -- Computational fluid dynamics -- Design loads for horizontal axis wind turbines. National and international standards -- Basis for design loads -- Turbulence and wakes -- Extreme loads -- Fatigue loading -- Stationary blade loading -- Blade loads during operation -- Blade dynamic response -- Blade fatigue stresses -- Hub and low speed shaft loading -- Nacelle loading -- Tower loading -- Wind turbine dynamic analysis codes -- Extrapolation of extreme loads from simulations -- Appendix 5 : dynamic response of stationary blade in turbulent wind -- Conceptual design of horizontal axis wind turbines. Introduction -- Rotor diameter -- Machine rating -- Rotational speed -- Number of blades -- Teetering -- Power control -- Braking systems -- Fixed speed, two speed or variable speed -- Type of generator -- Drive train mounting arrangement options -- Drive train compliance -- Rotor position with respect to tower -- Tower stiffness -- Personnel safety and access issues -- Component design. Blades -- Pitch bearings -- Rotor hub -- Gearbox -- Generator -- Mechanical brake -- Nacelle bedplate -- Yaw drive -- Tower -- Foundations -- Controller. Functions of the wind turbine controller -- Closed loop control: issues and objectives -- Closed loop control : general techniques -- Closed loop control : analytical design methods -- Pitch actuators -- Control system implementation -- Wind turbine installations and wind farms -- Project development -- Landscape and visual impact assessment -- Noise -- Electromagnetic Interference -- Ecological assessment -- Wind energy and the electric power system. Introduction -- Wind farm power collection systems -- Earthing (grounding) of wind farms -- Lightning protection -- Connection of wind generation to distribution networks -- Power system studies -- Power quality -- Electrical protection -- Distributed generation and the Grid Codes -- Wind energy and the generation system -- Appendix A10 : Simple calculations for the connection of wind turbines -- Offshore wind turbines and wind farms. Development of offshore wind energy -- Offshore wind resource -- Design loads -- Machine size optimization -- Reliability of offshore wind turbines -- Support structures -- Environmental assessment of offshore wind farms -- Offshore power collection and transmission -- Operation and access -- Appendix A11 -- References for table A11. **Named as one of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles of 2012****The authoritative reference on wind energy, now fully revised and updated to include offshore wind power**A decade on from its first release, the __Wind Energy Handbook__, Second Edition, reflects the advances in technology underpinning the continued expansion of the global wind power sector. Harnessing their collective industrial and academic expertise, the authors provide a comprehensive introduction to wind turbine design and wind farm planning for onshore and offshore wind-powered electricity generation.The major change since the first edition is the addition of a new chapter on offshore wind turbines and offshore wind farm development. Opening with a survey of the present state of offshore wind farm development, the chapter goes on to consider resource assessment and array losses. Then wave loading on support structures is examined in depth, including wind and wave load combinations and descriptions of applicable wave theories. After sections covering optimum machine size and offshore turbine reliability, the different types of support structure deployed to date are described in turn, with emphasis on monopiles, including fatigue analysis in the frequency domain. Final sections examine the assessment of environmental impacts and the design of the power collection and transmission cable network.New coverage features:* turbulence models updated to reflect the latest design standards, including an introduction to the Mann turbulence model* extended treatment of horizontal axis wind turbines aerodynamics, now including a survey of wind turbine aerofoils, dynamic stall and computational fluid dynamics* developments in turbine design codes* techniques for extrapolating extreme loads from simulation results* an introduction to the NREL cost model* comparison of options for variable speed operation* in-depth treatment of individual blade pitch control* grid code requirements and the principles governing the connection of large wind farms to transmission networks* four pages of full-colour pictures that illustrate blade manufacture, turbine construction and offshore support structure installation Firmly established as an essential reference, __Wind Energy Handbook__, Second Edition will prove a real asset to engineers, turbine designers and wind energy consultants both in industry and research. Advanced engineering students and new entrants to the wind energy sector will also find it an invaluable resource. Fully Revised And Updated, Now Covering Offshore Wind Turbines, This Is A Comprehensive Description Of The Mechanical, Electrical, Aerodynamic, Meteorological And Planning Aspects Of Modern Wind Turbines. Fully Revised And Updated, This Second Edition Addresses Key Developments In The Wind Technology Since The First Edition, Now The Leading Reference On The Subject, Was Published In 2001. A Completely New Chapter Focuses On Offshore Wind Turbines And Wind Farms. After A Brief Introduction, The Authors Discuss The Wind Resource. Particular Reference Is Made To Wind Turbulence Due To Its Importance In Wind Turbine Design. A Discussion On The Basis Of The Aerodynamics Of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines Follows, Incorporating General Momentum Theory And Dynamic Stall, And An Analysis Of Their Performance. The Book Goes On To Assess The Requirements For Establishing Design Loads, Updating National And International Standards And Revising Dynamic Analysis Codes Where Necessary.^ Burton Et Al. Also Set Out The Various Design Options For Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines, Discussing Variable Speed Operation And Reviewing Alternative Blade Materials And Their Properties. They Explain The Functions Of The Wind Turbine Controller And Describe Some Of The Possible Analysis Techniques. The Text Also Reviews The Development Of Wind Energy Projects With Particular Emphasis On Environmental Impact, And Considers How Wind Turbines Interact With The Electrical Power System. The 1st Edition Is The Leading Reference For Wind Energy Researchers And Practitioners Worldwide. This Edition Has 25% New Material, Including A New Chapter Covering Offshore Wind Turbines And Wind Farms. Revises The Chapter On The Aerodynamics Of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines To Include New Sections On General Momentum Theory, Lifting Line Theory And Dynamic Stall.^ Comprehensively Covers Advances In Wind Turbine Technology, Featuring Updated Chapters On Wind Resource, Design And Design Loads, And Reviews Wind Farms And The Development Of Wind Energy Projects. Provides Data On Standards And National Targets On A Companion Website.-- The Text Also Reviews The Development Of Wind Energy Projects With Particular Emphasis On Environmental Impact, And Considers How Wind Turbines Interact With The Electrical Power System-- Tony Burton ... [et Al.]. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. "Fully revised and updated, now covering offshore wind turbines, this is a comprehensive description of the mechanical, electrical, aerodynamic, meteorological and planning aspects of modern wind turbines. Fully revised and updated, this second edition addresses key developments in the wind technology since the first edition, now the leading reference on the subject, was published in 2001. A completely new chapter focuses on offshore wind turbines and wind farms. After a brief introduction, the authors discuss the wind resource. Particular reference is made to wind turbulence due to its importance in wind turbine design. A discussion on the basis of the aerodynamics of horizontal axis wind turbines follows, incorporating general momentum theory and dynamic stall, and an analysis of their performance. The book goes on to assess the requirements for establishing design loads, updating national and international standards and revising dynamic analysis codes where necessary. Burton et al. also set out the various design options for horizontal axis wind turbines, discussing variable speed operation and reviewing alternative blade materials and their properties. They explain the functions of the wind turbine controller and describe some of the possible analysis techniques. The text also reviews the development of wind energy projects with particular emphasis on environmental impact, and considers how wind turbines interact with the electrical power system. The 1st edition is the leading reference for wind energy researchers and practitioners worldwide. This edition has 25% new material, including a new chapter covering offshore wind turbines and wind farms. Revises the chapter on the aerodynamics of horizontal axis wind turbines to include new sections on general momentum theory, lifting line theory and dynamic stall. Comprehensively covers advances in wind turbine technology, featuring updated chapters on wind resource, design and design loads, and reviews wind farms and the development of wind energy projects. Provides data on Standards and National Targets on a companion website."-- Provided by publisher