Who Owns the Dead? : The Science and Politics of Death at Ground Zero

After September 11, with New Yorkers reeling from the World Trade Center attack, Chief Medical Examiner Charles Hirsch proclaimed that his staff would do more than confirm the identity of the individuals who were killed. They would attempt to identify and return to families every human body part recovered from the site that was larger than a thumbnail. As Jay D. Aronson shows, delivering on that promise proved to be a monumentally difficult task. Only 293 bodies were found intact. The rest would be painstakingly collected in 21,900 bits and pieces scattered throughout the skyscrapers debris. This massive effort the most costly forensic investigation in U.S. history was intended to provide families conclusive knowledge about the deaths of loved ones. But it was also undertaken to demonstrate that Americans were dramatically different from the terrorists who so callously disregarded the value of human life. Bringing a new perspective to the worst terrorist attack in U.S. history, Who Owns the Dead? tells the story of the recovery, identification, and memorialization of the 2,753 people killed in Manhattan on 9/11. For a host of cultural and political reasons that Aronson unpacks, this process has generated endless debate, from contestation of the commercial redevelopment of the site to lingering controversies over the storage of unclaimed remains at the National 9/11 Memorial and Museum. The memory of the victims has also been used to justify military activities in the Middle East that have led to the deaths of an untold number of innocent civilians. " This Book Is Not For The Faint Of Heart. It Tells The Story Of The Recovery, Identification, And Memorialization Of The 2,749 People Killed In The September 11, 2001, Attacks On The World Trade Center In New York City. The Twin Towers Were Attacked At Just The Moment In History When Large-scale Dna Identification Efforts Were Becoming Possible. Innovations Made In The Context Of The Biotechnology Boom Of The 1990s, Combined With Innovations In Forensic Science That Emerged Out Of Investigations Of Previous Disasters And Episodes Of Mass Violence (e.g., In Argentina, Guatemala, And Bosnia), Led Nyc Chief Medical Examiner Charles Hirsch To Promise That He And His Staff Would Endeavor To Identify And Return To Families Every Human Body Part Recovered From The Site That Was Bigger Than A Thumbnail (rather Than Just Confirming The Identity Of All Those Individuals Believed To Have Died). This Would Prove To Be A Monumentally Difficult Task Given The Condition In Which Remains Were Recovered. Only 293 Bodies Were Found Whole. The Rest Were Painstakingly Recovered In 21,800 Bits And Pieces Scattered Throughout The Debris Of The Fallen Towers. Well Over $80 Million Has Been Spent On The Effort To Date, With A Commitment To Continue The Identification Process In Perpetuity As Technologies Improve, Making It The Largest And Most Costly Forensic Investigation In History. This Massive Effort Was Undertaken In Part To Provide Conclusive Knowledge About Death For Victims' Families, But Also For A Range Of Social, Cultural, And Political Reasons That Created A Decade Of Contention And Debate Both Within The Community Of Families And Between Families And Officials Responsible For Finding, Identifying, And Memorializing The Dead. These Debates Comprise The Second Half Of The Book.-- A Tuesday Morning In September -- Fresh Kills -- Identifying The Dead -- Master Plan -- Memorial -- Remaking The Memorial -- New Finds -- Who Owns The Dead?. Jay D. Aronson. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. This book is not for the faint of heart. It tells the story of the recovery, identification, and memorialization of the 2,749 people killed in the September 11, 2001, attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City. The twin towers were attacked at just the moment in history when large-scale DNA identification efforts were becoming possible. Innovations made in the context of the biotechnology boom of the 1990s, combined with innovations in forensic science that emerged out of investigations of previous disasters and episodes of mass violence (e.g., in Argentina, Guatemala, and Bosnia), led NYC Chief Medical Examiner Charles Hirsch to promise that he and his staff would endeavor to identify and return to families every human body part recovered from the site that was bigger than a thumbnail (rather than just confirming the identity of all those individuals believed to have died). This would prove to be a monumentally difficult task given the condition in which remains were recovered. Only 293 bodies were found whole. The rest were painstakingly recovered in 21,800 bits and pieces scattered throughout the debris of the fallen towers. Well over $80 million has been spent on the effort to date, with a commitment to continue the identification process in perpetuity as technologies improve, making it the largest and most costly forensic investigation in history. This massive effort was undertaken in part to provide conclusive knowledge about death for victims' families, but also for a range of social, cultural, and political reasons that created a decade of contention and debate both within the community of families and between families and officials responsible for finding, identifying, and memorializing the dead. These debates comprise the second half of the book.-- Provided by publisher Introduction 1. A Tuesday Morning in September 2. Fresh Kills 3. Identifying the Dead 4. Master Plan 5. Memorial 6. Remaking the Memorial 7. New Finds 8. Who Owns the Dead? Epilogue Notes Acknowledgments Index