When Washington Shut Down Wall Street : The Great Financial Crisis of 1914 and the Origins of America's Monetary Supremacy

When Washington Shut Down Wall Street unfolds like a mystery story. It traces Treasury Secretary William Gibbs McAdoo's triumph over a monetary crisis at the outbreak of World War I that threatened the United States with financial disaster. The biggest gold outflow in a generation imperiled America's ability to repay its debts abroad. Fear that the United States would abandon the gold standard sent the dollar plummeting on world markets. Without a central bank in the summer of 1914, the United States resembled a headless financial giant. William McAdoo stepped in with courageous action, we read in Silber's gripping account. He shut the New York Stock Exchange for more than four months to prevent Europeans from selling their American securities and demanding gold in return. He smothered the country with emergency currency to prevent a replay of the bank runs that swept America in 1907. And he launched the United States as a world monetary power by honoring America's commitment to the gold standard. His actions provide a blueprint for crisis control that merits attention today. McAdoo's recipe emphasizes an exit strategy that allows policymakers to throttle a crisis while minimizing collateral damage. When Washington Shut Down Wall Street recreates the drama of America's battle for financial credibility. McAdoo's accomplishments place him alongside Paul Volcker and Alan Greenspan as great American financial leaders. McAdoo, in fact, nursed the Federal Reserve into existence as the 1914 crisis waned and served as the first chairman of the Federal Reserve Board. When Washington Shut Down Wall Street traces Treasury Secretary William Gibbs McAdoo's triumph over a monetary crisis at the outbreak of World War I. McAdoo stepped in with courageous action and shut down the New York Stock Exchange for more than four months when fear that the United States would abandon the gold standard sent the dollar plummeting on world markets. During this crucial time, he implemented an exit strategy that allowed policymakers to throttle the crisis while minimizing collateral damage, and helped launch the United States as a world monetary power. This gripping book re-creates America's battle for financial credibility and shows how McAdoo's actions, including his active role in the creation of the Federal Reserve, provide a blue-print for crisis control that merits attention even today.

About the Author:
William L. Silber is the Marcus Nadler Professor of Finance and Economics at the Stern School of Business, New York University

"When Washington Shut Down Wall Street recreates the drama of America's battle for financial credibility. McAdoo's accomplishments place him alongside Paul Volcker and Alan Greenspan as great American financial leaders. McAdoo, in fact, nursed the Federal Reserve into existence as the 1914 crisis waned and served as the first chairman of the Federal Reserve Board."--Jacket. Introduction: the legacy of 1914 The opening salvo The European gold rush The nightmare of 1907 Unlocking emergency currency Sterling steals the spotlight New Street defies McAdoo Rescue End game Birth of a financial superpower Epilogue: blueprint for crisis control.