Wheeler's Dental Anatomy, Physiology and Occlusion: Expert Consult

Successfully learn to apply dental anatomy to the practice of dentistry with Wheeler’s Dental Anatomy, Physiology, and Occlusion, 11th Edition. Updated and visually enhanced, the 11th edition of this market-leading dental text expands its focus on clinical applications. Dozens of online 360-degree and 3-D tooth animations to give you an unparalleled view of dentitions, pulp formation, the sequence of eruptions, and countless clinical considerations. Every text purchase also comes with access to the companion Expert Consult website ― where you can reference the entire text electronically, as well as engage with a wealth of learning activities, animations, and hands-on resources to better understand and retain the information covered in the text. In all, this proven learning package offers all the up-to-date information, best practices, and tools to prepare you for the dental anatomy and occlusion section of the exams and ensure long-term clinical success. More than 800 full-color images include detailed, well-labeled anatomical illustrations as well as clinical photographs. Bolded key terms draw students’ attention to essential terminology. Practical appendices include Review of Tooth Morphology with a concise review of tooth development from in utero to adolescence to adulthood; and Tooth Traits of the Permanent Dentition with tables for each tooth providing detailed information such as tooth notation, dimensions, position of proximal contacts, heights, and curvatures. 360-degree virtual reality and 3-D animations on Expert Consult help students refine their skills in tooth identification and examination. Step-by-step videos on Expert Consult demonstrate occlusal adjustments. Labeling exercises challenge students to identify tooth structures and facial anatomy with drag-and-drop labels. Chapter on clinical applications includes practical applications and case studies to prepare students for exams. Topics include root planing and scaling; extraction techniques and forces; relationship of fillings to pulp form and enamel form; and occlusal adjustment of premature occlusal contacts and arch form in relationship to bite splint designs. NEW! Learning objectives and pre-test questions at the start of every chapter focus students’ attention on the knowledge and critical thinking expectations for each chapter. NEW! Full-color images have replaced many of the black and white images to give students a more vivid picture of clinical situations and procedures. NEW! Updated information incorporates new research and visuals to ensure students are equipped with the latest best practices. NEW! Access to the companion Expert Consult website includes hands-on exercises, animations, videos, quizzes, exams, and more to round out students’ learning experience and help ensure their ability to apply book content. Cover Title page Table of Contents Copyright Dedication Preface 1. Introduction to Dental Anatomy Pretest Questions Formation of the Dentitions (Overview) Nomenclature Formulae for Mammalian Teeth Tooth Numbering Systems Division Into Thirds, Line Angles, and Point Angles Tooth Drawing and Carving Measurement of Teeth Summary Pretest Answers 2. Development and Eruption of the Teeth Pretest Questions Clinical Considerations Variability Malformations Chronology of Primary Dentition Development and Eruption/Emergence of the Teeth Dentitions Neuromuscular Development Transitional (Mixed) Dentition Period Loss of Primary Teeth Permanent Dentition Size of Teeth Dental Pulp Cementoenamel Junction Dental Age Tooth Formation Standards Chronologies of Human Dentition Types of Chronologies Stages of Tooth Formation Age of Attainment Age Prediction Maturity Assessment Duration of Root and Crown Formation Summary of Chronologies Sequence of Eruption Estimating Time of Enamel Hypoplasia Pretest Answers 3. The Primary (Deciduous) Teeth Pretest Questions Life Cycle Importance of Primary Teeth Nomenclature Major Contrasts Between Primary and Permanent Teeth Pulp Chambers and Pulp Canals Detailed Description of Each Primary Tooth Pretest Answers 4. Forensics, Comparative Anatomy, Geometries, and Form and Function Pretest Questions Forensic Dentistry Comparative Dental Anatomy Facial and Lingual Aspects of All Teeth Summary of Schematic Outlines Form and Function of the Permanent Dentition Alignment, Contacts, and Occlusion Pretest Answers 5. Orofacial Complex: Form and Function Pretest Questions Form and Function Form Follows Function Articulation of Teeth Physiologic Form of the Teeth and Periodontium Fundamental Curvatures Proximal Contact Areas Interproximal Spaces (Formed by Proximal Surfaces in Contact) Embrasures (Spillways) Contact Areas and Incisal and Occlusal Embrasures From the Labial and Buccal Aspect Contact Areas and Labial, Buccal, and Lingual Embrasures From the Incisal and Occlusal Aspects Facial and Lingual Contours at the Cervical Thirds (Cervical Ridges) and Lingual Contours at the Middle Thirds of Crowns Height of Epithelial Attachment: Curvatures of the Cervical Lines (Cementoenamel Junction) Mesially and Distally Pretest Answers 6. The Permanent Maxillary Incisors Pretest Questions Maxillary Central Incisor Maxillary Lateral Incisor Pretest Answers 7. The Permanent Mandibular Incisors Pretest Questions Mandibular Central Incisor Mandibular Lateral Incisor Pretest Answers 8. The Permanent Canines: Maxillary and Mandibular Pretest Questions Maxillary Canine Mandibular Canine Pretest Answers 9. The Permanent Maxillary Premolars Pretest Questions Maxillary First Premolar Maxillary Second Premolar Pretest Answers 10. The Permanent Mandibular Premolars Pretest Questions Mandibular First Premolar Mandibular Second Premolar Pretest Answers 11. The Permanent Maxillary Molars Pretest Questions Maxillary First Molar Maxillary Second Molar Maxillary Third Molar Pretest Answers 12. The Permanent Mandibular Molars Pretest Questions Mandibular First Molar Mandibular Second Molar Mandibular Third Molar Pretest Answers 13. Pulp Chambers and Canals Pretest Questions Pulp, Chamber, and Canals Radiographs Foramen Demarcation of Pulp Cavity and Canal Pulp Horns Clinical Applications Pulp Cavities of the Maxillary Teeth Pulp Cavities of the Mandibular Teeth Radiographs: Pulp Chamber and Canals Crown and Root Fractures Pretest Answers 14. Dento-Osseous Structures, Blood Vessels, and Nerves Pretest Questions The Maxillae The Mandible Arterial Supply to the Teeth Nerve Supply to the Jaws and Teeth Pretest Answers 15. The Temporomandibular Joints, Teeth, and Muscles and Their Functions Pretest Questions Temporomandibular Articulation Muscles Mandibular Movements and Muscle Activity Pretest Answers 16. Occlusion Pretest Questions Concepts of Occlusion Development of the Dentitions Primary Dentition Mixed (Transitional) Dentition Permanent Dentition Cusp, Fossa, and Marginal Ridge Relations Lateral Occlusal Relations Biomechanics of Chewing Function Neurobehavioral Aspects of Occlusion Oral Motor Behavior Swallowing Summary Pretest Answers 17. Clinical Application of Dental Anatomy, Physiology, and Occlusion Pretest Questions Instrument Design/Usage Relating to Dental Anatomy Oral Surgery Periodontics Endodontics Restorative Dentistry Esthetics Variant Anatomy Occlusion Pretest Answers Appendix A. Review of Tooth Morphology Appendix B. Tooth Traits of the Permanent Dentition Index Instructions for online access