What Is to Be Done About Crime and Punishment? : Towards a 'Public Criminology'

This book responds to the claim that criminology is becoming socially and politically irrelevant despite its exponential expansion as an academic sub-discipline. It does so by addressing the question 'what is to be done' in relation to a number of major issues associated with crime and punishment. The original contributions to this volume are provided by leading international experts in a wide range of issues. They address imprisonment, drugs, gangs, cybercrime, prostitution, domestic violence, crime control, as well as white collar and corporate crime. Written in an accessible style, this collection aims to contribute to the development of a more public criminology and encourages students and researchers at all levels to engage in a form of criminology that is more socially relevant and more useful. Contents 6 Notes on Contributors 10 List of Tables 14 List of Boxes 16 1: Introduction: Towards a Public Criminology 17 References 22 2: The Violence Divide: Taking “Ordinary” Crime Seriously in a Volatile World 24 Introduction 24 “Lidless” Capitalism and the Violence Divide 25 Some Possible Futures 32 Toward Globally Engaged Criminology 41 References 44 3: Domestic Violence: The Increasing Tensions Between Experience, Theory, Research, Policy and Practice 46 Introduction 46 Developing Responses 47 Multi-agency Work 50 Defining Domestic Violence and Abuse 52 Problems with Legal and Policy Responses to Domestic Violence 54 What Is Coercive Control and Why Is It Important? 56 Listening to the Voices of Survivors 57 Findings from Project Mirabal 58 ‘Walking on eggshells’ 59 ‘He can control the situation—and me, like a robot. Just needs a remote control.’ 59 ‘I think he wanted me to be like a performer—if that makes sense?’ 61 ‘That’s what they do, that’s why they get you pregnant’ 62 The New Law on Coercive and Controlling Behaviour 63 Moving Forward, Making Connections 64 Gender Equality and Gendered Violence 64 Focus On, Attention To and Knowledge Of Perpetrators 65 A Truly Integrated, Human-rights Based Approach to Ending All Forms of Violence Against Women and Girls 66 Conclusions 68 References 68 4: Critical Realism and Gang Violence 71 The Mythical Gang 71 Cognitive Dissonance 73 Critical Realism and Gang Violence 75 Explaining Gang Violence 76 Nihilism and Gang Violence 78 The Social Field of the Violent Gang 80 Realistic Interventions to Stem Gang Violence 82 Time and Change 83 Co-ordinated Enforcement and Social Action 85 Ceasefire UK 87 Not Learning the Lessons of Ceasefire 87 Adoption and Adaptation 89 The Glasgow Model 90 The Manchester Model 91 Embedded Interventions 96 Conclusion 97 References 98 5: Middle-Range Radical Realism for Crime Prevention 103 Crime Prevention Successes 104 Critiques of Current Orthodoxies 106 Current Assumptions That Lie Behind Much Policy and Practice Decision-making 106 Crime Prevention Research Orthodoxy 110 The Dismissal of Administrative Criminology 113 Middle-range Radical Realism for Crime Prevention (MRRR for CP) 115 Middle-range 115 Radical 116 Realist 119 Crime and Crime Prevention 121 An Agenda for MRRR for CP Research, Policy and Practice 124 Research 124 Policy and Practice 128 Conclusion 130 References 130 6: Policing: Past, Present and Future 137 Introduction 137 What Do the Police Do? 139 Who Does Policing? 143 What Powers Do the Police Have? 145 What Is Good Policing and How Can It Be Achieved? 150 How Does Policing Impact on Different Social Groups? 154 Who Polices the Police? 158 Conclusion: What Is to Be Done About the Police? 162 References 165 7: Seven Ways to Make Prisons Work 173 Introduction 173 Improve Prison Life 177 Recommendation 1. Make Prisons Less Crowded 177 Recommendation 2: Make It Possible for Inmates to Earn Rewards 180 Recommendation 3: Use Science to Improve the Conditions of Confinement 183 Value the Goal of Offender Change 189 Recommendation 4: Give the Public What It Wants 189 Recommendation 5: Make Wardens Accountable for Correcting Offenders 191 Intervene Effectively with Prisoners 193 Recommendation 6: Use the RNR Model to Rehabilitate Offenders 193 Recommendation 7: Teach Prison Officers to Be Change Agents 196 Conclusion: Toward a Criminology of Imprisonment 198 References 199 8: Five Steps Towards a More Effective Global Drug Policy 211 Introduction 211 Acknowledge the Limitations of a War on Drugs Strategy, and the Unintended Consequences it Has Produced 212 Recognise the Importance of Reducing Drug Related Harm, of Upholding Human Rights, and of Giving Public Health a More Prominent Role in the Formulation of Policy 216 Encourage the Development of Innovative Strategies of Drug Policy Control 220 Ensure that Drug Policy Innovations are Evaluated and Evidence on Their Effectiveness is Shared Widely 223 Broaden the Horizons of the Drug Policy Debate 226 Conclusion 229 References 230 9: Taming Business? Understanding Effectiveness in the Control of Corporate and White-collar Crime 236 A Brief Political Economy of the Control of Corporate and White-collar Crime 237 Controls as Discrete Interventions 239 The Second Frame: Beyond the Law? 245 The Third Frame: Changing the Premises of Control 252 Conclusion 256 References 258 10: Cybercrime 4.0: Now What Is to Be Done? 264 Introduction 264 Cybercrime 1.0–3.0 265 Cybercrime 4.0? 267 Cybercrime 1.0–3.0 Precedents and Portents: What Happened 268 Cybercrime 1.0–3.0 Precedents and Portents: What Was Done and What Has Worked? 273 The Challenge of Cybercrime 4.0? 281 Conclusions: 4.0 and Beyond... 288 References 288 11: Addressing Prostitution: The Nordic Model and Beyond 293 Introduction 293 The Nordic Model 295 The Liberal Critique of the Nordic Model 298 Beyond the Nordic Model 300 Exiting 301 Providing an Appropriate Response to Drug Addiction 302 Addressing Demand 303 Developing Prevention Strategies 305 The Problem of Sex Trafficking 306 The Police and Law Enforcement 309 Regulating the Internet 312 Conclusion 315 References 316 Index 321 Front Matter....Pages i-xv Introduction: Towards a Public Criminology....Pages 1-7 The Violence Divide: Taking “Ordinary” Crime Seriously in a Volatile World....Pages 9-30 Domestic Violence: The Increasing Tensions Between Experience, Theory, Research, Policy and Practice....Pages 31-55 Critical Realism and Gang Violence....Pages 57-88 Middle-Range Radical Realism for Crime Prevention....Pages 89-122 Policing: Past, Present and Future....Pages 123-158 Seven Ways to Make Prisons Work....Pages 159-196 Five Steps Towards a More Effective Global Drug Policy....Pages 197-221 Taming Business? Understanding Effectiveness in the Control of Corporate and White-collar Crime....Pages 223-250 Cybercrime 4.0: Now What Is to Be Done?....Pages 251-279 Addressing Prostitution: The Nordic Model and Beyond....Pages 281-308 Back Matter....Pages 309-324 "This book responds to the claim that criminology is becoming socially and politically irrelevant despite its exponential expansion as an academic subdiscipline. It does so by addressing the question "what is to be done" in relation to a number of major issues associated with crime and punishment. The original contributions to this volume are provided by leading international experts in a wide range of issues. They address imprisonment, drugs, gangs, cybercrime, prostitution, domestic violence, crime control, as well as white collar and corporate crime"-- Back cover