Water and Public Policy in India : Politics, Rights, and Governance

"This book explores the conceptual and theoretical frameworks of Right to Water and analyzes its values in the context of water policy frameworks of the union governments in India. It uses a qualitative approach and combines critical hermeneutics with critical content analysis to introduce a new water policy framework. The volume maps the complex argumentative narrations which have emerged and evolved in the idea of Right to Water and traces the various contours and the nature of water policy texts in independent India. The book argues that the idea of Right to Water has emerged, evolved and is being argued through theoretical arguments and is shaped with the help of institutional arrangements developed at the international, regional, and national levels. Finally, the book underlines that India's national water policies drafted respectively in 1987, 2002 and 2012, are ideal but are not embracing the values and elements of Right to Water. The volume will be of critical importance to scholars and researchers of public policy, environment, especially water policy, law, and South Asian studies"-- Provided by publisher Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Dedication Table of Contents List of figures List of tables Preface Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Key focuses and framework for the discussion 1.2 Flow of the discussion 1.3 Water as a right in water discourses 1.4 Water scenario in India 1.5 National Water Policies of India 1.6 Aim: the choice of Right to Water in the context of national water policies of India 1.7 Significance and outline of the book 1.8 Scheme of chapters Notes Chapter 2: The concept of Right to Water: Emergence and evolution Introduction 2.1 Towards water as a right in modern political thought 2.1 Towards water as a right in modern political thought 2.2 Conceptual evolution of the idea of Right to Water 2.2.1 International level: Water is a Right 2.2.1.1 Argument (s) against neoliberalism 2.2.1.2 International undertakings: major landmarks 2.2.1.3 The regional understanding: major landmarks 2.2.1.4 Understandings of national constitutions and national laws 2.3 Conceptual progression of Right to Water: Expansion and relation 2.4 Discussing the meaning (s) of Right to Water 2.4.1 Water is a Right: The popular offerings and their significance 2.4.2 What right to water is not: The rejection of claims 2.4.3 Meaning (s) of Right to Water: Paring rights with duties Notes Chapter 3: Indian understanding on Right to Water Introduction 3.1 Right to water in British Colonial Rule in India 3.2 The Idea of Right to Water after independence in India 3.2.1 The Constitutional Understanding(s) 3.2.1.1 Right to Equality (Article 15(2)) 3.2.1.2 Right to Freedom (Article 19(1)(e)) 3.2.1.3 Right to Life (Article 21) 3.2.1.4 Right to Education Act 2009 (Article 21(A)) 3.2.1.5 Fundamental Duties (Article 51(A)(g)) 3.2.1.6 Directive Principles of State Policy (Article 48A) 3.2.1.7 Division of Powers between Union, state and local governments (Entry 56 (List I), Entry 17 (List 11) and 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Act 1992) 3.2.2 Reflection of the idea of Right to Water in Indian laws: Major landmark 3.2.3 Planning and programming frameworks: Major proclamations 3.2.4 Undertakings of Indian states: The contexts and key contents 3.2.5 National and regional documents as thin expounder of the idea of Right to Water: A discussion 3.2.6 Right to Water in the view of Indian judiciary: Major cases and their interpretations 3.2.6.1 Right to life includes Right to Water 3.2.6.2 Indian states are the trustee of water resources 3.2.6.3 Water management processes are essentially required to meet international standards 3.2.6.4 Indian states are accountable to provide water as a right to All 3.2.6.5 Individual's rights over water resources are universal 3.2.7 Perspective (s) of Indian civil society 3.2.7.1 Objectives of Indian NGOs 3.2.7.2 Intellectual offerings 3.2.8 Emergence, evolution and recognition of Right to Water in India 3.3 Significance and need of national water policy for fulfilment of Right to Water 3.4 India's national water policies Notes Chapter 4: Right to Water in India’s national water policies Introduction 4.1 Water policy analysis guiding framework 4.2 Who gets water, for what purpose and by whom: an analysis of distributive strategies 4.2.1 The principle of right holders and real beneficiaries: Water to all (available, accessibly, affordable and acceptable) 4.2.1.1 Offerings of the three Policies: Analysis of the table 4.2.2 The principle of special beneficiaries: Children, women, disadvantaged and disabled 4.2.2.1 Offerings of the three policies: Analysis of the table 4.2.3 Principle of needs and priority of water uses 4.2.3.1 Offerings of the three policies: Analysis of the table 4.2.4 Principle of obligations and obligatory parties 4.2.4.1 Government (Union/state/local) 4.2.4.1.1 Offerings of the three policies: Analysis of the table 4.2.4.2 Obligatory party: private sector water providers 4.2.4.2.1 Offerings of the three policies: Analysis of the table 4.2.4.3 Obligatory party: citizens, civil society and research community 4.2.4.3.1 Offerings of the three policies: Analysis of the table 4.3 Status of Right to Water in the Union water policies: an analysis of management strategies 4.3.1 Required provisions for infrastructures and institutional arrangements 4.3.1.1 Offerings of the three policies: Analysis of the table 4.3.2 Mechanisms to ensure regional needs 4.3.2.1 Offering of the three policies: Analysis of the table 4.3.3 Mechanisms to facilitate, protect and promote right to water to all 4.3.3.1 Offerings of the three policies: Analysis of the table 4.3.4 Mechanisms to ensure efficiency with absence of monopoly, discrimination and exploitation 4.3.4.1 Offerings of the three policies: Analysis of the table 4.3.5 Measures to ensure accountability, transparency and people's participation 4.3.5.1 Offerings of the three policies: Analysis of the table 4.3.6 Measures to ensure sustainability of water resources (for future use and protection of the environment) 4.3.6.1 Offerings of the three policies: Analysis of the table 4.3.7 Monitoring system(s) and institution(s) (review and assessment) 4.3.7.1 Offerings of the three policies: Analysis of the table 4.4 Entitlement of Right to Water through Union water policies of India: a discussion Notes Chapter 5: Conclusion: Towards Right to Water in India 5.1 Emergence of Right to Water 5.1.1 The international expressions 5.1.2 The regional expressions 5.1.3 The national expressions 5.1.4 Beyond boundaries 5.1.5 The meanings of Right to Water 5.2 The Indian perception on Right to Water 5.2.1 Right to Water in India: National and state understandings 5.2.2 Interpretation(s) of Indian judiciary and civil society 5.2.3 Progression of the idea of Right to Water: Understanding India's pattern 5.3. India's National Water Policies 5.3.1 India's national policies: Towards Right to Water 5.4 What policy makers are required to do Note Bibilography Webliography New Papers Appendix A: General Comment 15 I. Introduction The legal bases of the right to water Water and Covenant rights II. Normative content of the right to water Special topics of broad application Non-discrimination and equality III. States parties' obligations General legal obligations Specific legal obligations International obligations Core obligations IV. Violations V. Implementation at the National Level Legislation, strategies and policies Indicators and benchmarks Remedies and accountability VI. Obligations of actors other than states Appendix B: India’s National Water Policy – 1987 Need for a national water policy Information system Maximizing availability Project planning Maintenance and modernisation Safety of structures Ground water development Water allocation priorities Drinking water Irrigation Water rates Participation of farmers and voluntary agencies Water quality Water zoning Conservation of water Flood control and management Land erosion by sea or river Drought management Science and technology Training Conclusion Appendix C: India’s National Water Policy – 2002 Need for a National Water Policy Information System Water Resources Planning Institutional mechanism Water allocation priorities Project planning Ground water development Drinking water Irrigation Resettlement and rehabilitation Financial and physical sustainability Participatory approach to Water Resources Management Private sector participation Water quality Water zoning Conservation of water Flood control and management Land erosion by sea or river Drought-prone area development Monitoring of projects Water sharing/distribution amongst the states Performance improvement Maintenance and modernisation Safety of structures Science and technology Training Conclusion Appendix D: India’s National Water Policy – 2012 1. Preamble 2. Water Framework Law 3. Uses of Water 4. Adaptation to Climate Change 5. Enhancing Water Available for use 6. Demand Management and Water use Efficiency 7. Water Pricing 8. Conservation of River Corridors, Water Bodies and Infrastructure 9. Project Planning and Implementation 10. Management of Flood & Drought 11. Water Supply and Sanitation 12. Institutional Arrangements 13. Trans-Boundary Rivers 14. Database & Information System 15. Research & Training Needs 16. Implementation of National Water Policy Index This book explores the conceptual and theoretical frameworks of Right to Water and analyzes its values in the context of water policy frameworks of the union governments in India. It uses a qualitative approach and combines critical hermeneutics with critical content analysis to introduce a new water policy framework. academic,research;,cognitive,load,theory;,cognitive,psychology;,flipped,learning;,homework,activity;,homework,policy;,independent,learning;,knowledge-based,curriculum;,long-term,memory;,pupils’,metacognitive,skills;,retrieval,practice;,short-term,memory;,spaced,distribution academic research,cognitive load theory,cognitive psychology,flipped learning,homework activity,homework policy,independent learning,knowledge-based curriculum,long-term memory,pupils’ metacognitive skills,retrieval practice,short-term memory,spaced distribution