جنگ‌ها در جمهوری روم: از جنگ‌های اتروسکی تا نبرد آکتیوم

Few Ancient Institutions Capture Students' Interests And Imaginations More Than The Roman Army. The Conquest Of Territory That We Still Recognize, The Sense Of A Professional Military That Is The Forerunner Of Our Modern Armies, And The Leaders All Draw Students, Both Young And Old, To The Army. Students Often Joke That Ancient History Should Be Easy Because It Is Ancient, Thinking That It Does Not Change Because It Is So Old. Indeed, Much Of What We Call The Drums-and-trumpets Style Of Work Is Stuck In Old Methods And Styles. But The Reality Is That Military History, Including The History Of Ancient Warfare, Is Changing All The Time. Just As Historians In Other Specializations Started Drawing On New Methods And Engaging In More Social History, Postcolonial History, And Cultural History After 1945, So Did Military Historians. This Led To The Emergence Of A War-and-society Approach.^ By 1970 Historians Could Refer To A New Military History That Drew Heavily On The Social Sciences And Other Fields To Consider Warfare In New Ways. Other Specialized Fields Of Study Have Also Opened Up Military History: Conflict Archaeology, Crowd Psychology, Game Theory, And Forensic Anthropology Have Had An Enormous Impact On The Way Historians Approach Ancient Warfare. We Have New Topics Of Detailed Study Such As Mutiny, Battlefield Physiology, And Gender, As Well As New Ways Of Looking At Traditional Topics Such As Logistics, Economics, Combat Motivation, And Death. Archaeologists Uncover New Artifacts, Sites, And Sources Such As New Inscriptions That Illustrate Features Of Roman Career Paths. Specialists Using New Laboratory Sciences Reveal Previously Unavailable Data, Including The Ways In Which Particular Weapon Use Can Appear In Skeletal Remains.^ Historians Employ New Ways Of Looking At Old And New Evidence To Reveal Lost Information, Examine Neglected Topics, Or Elaborate New Interpretations. As A Result, The Field Of Ancient History, Including Military History, Is A Far Cry From Students' Misconceptions Of It As Static. Another Traditional Reason For The Continuing Fascination With Ancient Military History Is The Inspirational Quality Found In Famous Leaders And Battles Of The Past. Traditional Military History Has Typically Had A Strong Educational Element--training Leadership Skills Through Biographies Of Famous Commanders. Ancient Roman Warfare Has Provided A Number Of Leaders--caesar Is The Most Obvious Example, But We Cannot Ignore Scipio Africanus, Scipio Aemilianus, Pompey, And Antony, Among So Many Others.^ Regardless Of Their Success In Locating The Elusive Recipe, Authors Continue To Present The Lives And Actions Of Important Ancient Leaders For The Leadership And Historical Lessons We May Draw From Their Careers.--adapted From Introduction. Machine Generated Contents Note: The Entries, A--z, 1--212 -- Actium, Battle Of -- Aemilius Lepidus, Marcus -- Aemilius Paullus, Lucius -- Allies, Roman -- Antonius, Marcus -- Arms And Armor, Roman -- Artillery -- Cannae, Battle Of -- Carthage -- Cassius Longinus, Gaius -- Cavalry -- Celts -- Centurions -- Civil War I -- Civil War Ii -- Civil War Iii -- Cleopatra Vii -- Comitia Centuriata -- Cornelius Cinna, Lucius -- Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus Africanus, Publius -- Cornelius Scipio Africanus, Publius -- Cornelius Sulla Felix, Lucius -- Cynoscephalae, Battle Of -- Decimation -- Discipline -- Elephants, War -- Etruscan Wars -- Etruscan Wars, Causes Of The -- Etruscan Wars, Consequences Of The -- Evocati -- Fabius Maximus Verrucosus, Quintus -- Fleet, Roman -- Forts -- Gallic Wars -- Greece -- Hannibal -- Imperium -- Jugurthine War -- Julius Caesar, Gaius -- Julius Caesar Octavianus, Gaius -- Junius Brutus, Marcus -- Latin Wars -- Legion, Cohort -- Legion, Manipular/polybian -- Contents Note Continued: Legionary Commanders -- Licinius Crassus, Marcus -- Licinius Lucullus, Lucius -- Livy -- Macedonian Wars -- Magnesia, Battle Of -- Marius, Gaius -- Military Decorations -- Military Oath -- Mithradates Vi -- Mutiny -- Parthian Empire -- Pharsalus, Battle Of -- Philippi, Battle Of -- Piracy -- Plutarch -- Polybius -- Pompeius Magnus, Gnaeus -- Pompeius Magnus, Sextus -- Proletarians -- Ptolemaic Dynasty -- Punic Wars -- Punic Wars, Causes Of The -- Punic Wars, Consequences Of The -- Pydna, Battle Of -- Pyrrhic Wars -- Quaestor -- Quinctius Flamininus, Titus -- Rome -- Sallust -- Samnite Wars -- Seleucid Dynasty -- Sempronius Gracchus, Gaius -- Sempronius Gracchus, Tiberius -- Senate -- Sertorius, Quintus -- Siege -- Slaves And Camp Followers -- Slave Wars, Sicilian -- Social War -- Spanish Wars -- Spartacus Slave War -- Standards -- Stipendium -- Syracuse -- Training -- Tribunes, Military -- Triumph -- Triumvirate, First -- Triumvirate, Second -- Contents Note Continued: Vipsanius Agrippa, Marcus -- Zama, Battle Of -- Documents -- 1.polybius, Organization Of A Manipular Legion -- 2.polybius, Setting Up A Roman Fort -- 3.polybius On Punishments, Rewards, And Pay -- 4.polybius, Treatment Of Spoils And Booty -- 5.polybius, Prelude To Cannae, The Battle Of The Trebia River -- 6.polybius, The Disaster---battle Of Cannae -- 7.polybius, Roman Siege I, Capture Of Carthago Nova -- 8.polybius, Victory At The Battle Of Zama -- 9.polybius, Revenge At The Battle Of Cynoscephalae -- 10.polybius, Macedonian Phalanx Versus The Roman Legion -- 11.livy, A Centurion's Long Career -- 12.caesar, Cohort Legion In Combat -- 13.plutarch, Rome Versus Parthia At The Battle Of Carrhae -- 14.caesar, Roman Siege Ii, Capture Of Massilia -- 15.caesar, Roman Versus Roman, Battle Of Pharsalus -- 16.galba, Roman Versus Roman, Battle Of Mutina -- 17.appian, An End Of Discipline During Civil War. Lee L. Brice, Editor. Includes Bibliographical References (pages 299-305) And Indexes. This easy-to-use reference book covers the most important people, places, events, and technologies of Roman warfare during the republic (400–31 BCE), providing a wealth of reference material and invaluable primary source documents.The study of ancient Rome remains both a high-interest topic and a staple of high school and university curricula, while recent Hollywood movies continue to heighten popular interest in Rome. This multi-format handbook examines warfare in ancient Rome during the republic period, from approximately 400 BCE to 31 BCE. Presenting ready reference, primary source documents, statistical information, and a chronology, the title explore all aspects of conflict during this time period, including key military leaders, pivotal battles and sieges, new weapons and technologies, and the intersections of warfare and society in the ancient world. The reference entries provide detailed snapshots of key people, events, groups, places, weapons systems, and strategies that enable readers to easily understand the critical issues during 400 years of the Roman Republic, while various overview, causes, and consequences essays offer engaging, in-depth coverage of the most important wars. By providing students with in-depth information about how the Roman Army operated, they develop a fuller understanding Roman, ancient, and world history. This easy-to-use reference book covers the most important people, places, events, and technologies of Roman warfare during the republic (40031 BCE), providing a wealth of reference material and invaluable primary source documents. The study of ancient Rome remains both a high-interest topic and a staple of high school and university curricula, while recent Hollywood movies continue to heighten popular interest in Rome. This multi-format handbook examines warfare in ancient Rome during the republic period, from approximately 400 BCE to 31 BCE. Presenting ready reference, primary source documents, statistical information, and a chronology, the title explore all aspects of conflict during this time period, including key military leaders, pivotal battles and sieges, new weapons and technologies, and the intersections of warfare and society in the ancient world. The reference entries provide detailed snapshots of key people, events, groups, places, weapons systems, and strategies that enable readers to easily understand the critical issues during 400 years of the Roman Republic, while various overview, causes, and consequences essays offer engaging, in-depth coverage of the most important wars. By providing students with in-depth information about how the Roman Army operated, they develop a fuller understanding Roman, ancient, and world history. "The study of ancient Rome remains both a high-interest topic and a staple of high school and university curricula, while recent Hollywood movies continue to heighten popular interest in Rome. This multi-format handbook examines warfare in ancient Rome during the republic period, from approximately 400 BCE to 31 BCE. Presenting ready reference, primary source documents, statistical information, and a chronology, the title explore all aspects of conflict during this time period, including key military leaders, pivotal battles and sieges, new weapons and technologies, and the intersections of warfare and society in the ancient world. The reference entries provide detailed snapshots of key people, events, groups, places, weapons systems, and strategies that enable readers to easily understand the critical issues during 400 years of the Roman Republic, while various overview, causes, and consequences essays offer engaging, in-depth coverage of the most important wars. By providing students with in-depth information about how the Roman Army operated, they develop a fuller understanding Roman, ancient, and world history."--EBL