Warfare in Independent Africa New Approaches to African History

This Book Surveys The History Of Armed Conflict In Africa In The Period Since Decolonization And Independence-- This Book Surveys The History Of Armed Conflict In Africa In The Period Since Decolonization And Independence. The Number Of Post-independence Conflicts In Africa Has Been Considerable, And This Book Introduces To Readers A Comprehensive Analysis Of Their Causes And Character. Tracing The Evolution Of Warfare From Anti-colonial And Anti-apartheid Campaigns To Complex Conflicts In Which Factionalized Armies, Militias, And Rebel Groups Fight With Each Other And Prey Upon Non-combatants, It Allows The Readers A New Perspective To Understand Violence On The Continent. The Book Is Written To Appeal Not Only To Students Of History And African Politics, But Also To Experts In The Policy Community, The Military, And Humanitarian Agencies-- 1. Evolving Warfare -- 2. Anti-colonial Rebels -- 3. Majority Rule Rebels -- 4 Reform Rebels -- 5. Warlord Rebels -- 6. Parochial Rebels -- Conclusion: The Past And Future Of Warfare In Africa. William Reno. Series Numbering Confirmed By Publisher's Web Site. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 257-262) And Index. Contents......Page 8 Maps......Page 10 Figures......Page 12 Acknowledgments......Page 14 Abbreviations......Page 18 CHAPTER 1 Evolving Warfare......Page 24 Categories of Rebels......Page 27 The Centrality of States in the Stakes of Warfare in Africa......Page 38 The International Relations of Rebels......Page 47 African States and the Changing Behavior of Rebels......Page 51 Armed Groups and the Importance of Political Context......Page 57 CHAPTER 2 Anti-Colonial Rebels......Page 60 Unity and Pragmatism in Portuguese Guinea......Page 64 Pragmatism and Precarious Unity in Mozambique......Page 74 Fragmentation in Angola......Page 87 From Anti-Colonial Rebels to Warlords......Page 98 CHAPTER 3 Majority Rule Rebels......Page 102 Zimbabwe’s Struggle......Page 108 Namibia’s Liberation......Page 121 The South African Struggle against Apartheid......Page 128 CHAPTER 4 Reform Rebels......Page 142 The Difficult International Context......Page 143 Strategies for Success......Page 149 Successful Domestic Strategies......Page 157 Reform Rebels and Foreign Relations......Page 170 From Failure to Success......Page 176 Ingredients of Success......Page 182 CHAPTER 5 Warlord Rebels......Page 186 Warlords and States......Page 189 Why Warlords in the 1990s?......Page 193 Warlords in West Africa......Page 198 Somalia’s Warlords......Page 210 Warlords and Conflict in Congo......Page 219 Conclusion: Warlords Trump Liberation Rebels......Page 226 CHAPTER 6 Parochial Rebels......Page 229 States, Regime Politics, and Youth Gangs......Page 233 Between Political Reform and Parochial Rebels......Page 239 Election Violence in Kenya: Politicians and Parochial Rebels against Democracy......Page 243 Parochial Rebels in the Niger Delta......Page 249 Parochial Rebels through a Historical Lens......Page 260 Conclusion: The Past and Future of Warfare in Africa......Page 265 The Future of Warfare in Africa......Page 268 Alternative Fields of Leverage......Page 275 Mozambique......Page 280 Namibia......Page 281 Eritrea and Tigray......Page 282 West African Conflicts......Page 283 Kenya......Page 284 Nigeria......Page 285 Index......Page 286 Contents 8 Maps 10 Figures 12 Acknowledgments 14 Abbreviations 18 CHAPTER 1 Evolving Warfare 24 Categories of Rebels 27 The Centrality of States in the Stakes of Warfare in Africa 38 The International Relations of Rebels 47 African States and the Changing Behavior of Rebels 51 Armed Groups and the Importance of Political Context 57 CHAPTER 2 Anti-Colonial Rebels 60 Unity and Pragmatism in Portuguese Guinea 64 Pragmatism and Precarious Unity in Mozambique 74 Fragmentation in Angola 87 From Anti-Colonial Rebels to Warlords 98 CHAPTER 3 Majority Rule Rebels 102 Zimbabwe’s Struggle 108 Namibia’s Liberation 121 The South African Struggle against Apartheid 128 CHAPTER 4 Reform Rebels 142 The Difficult International Context 143 Strategies for Success 149 Successful Domestic Strategies 157 Reform Rebels and Foreign Relations 170 From Failure to Success 176 Ingredients of Success 182 CHAPTER 5 Warlord Rebels 186 Warlords and States 189 Why Warlords in the 1990s? 193 Warlords in West Africa 198 Somalia’s Warlords 210 Warlords and Conflict in Congo 219 Conclusion: Warlords Trump Liberation Rebels 226 CHAPTER 6 Parochial Rebels 229 States, Regime Politics, and Youth Gangs 233 Between Political Reform and Parochial Rebels 239 Election Violence in Kenya: Politicians and Parochial Rebels against Democracy 243 Parochial Rebels in the Niger Delta 249 Parochial Rebels through a Historical Lens 260 Conclusion: The Past and Future of Warfare in Africa 265 The Future of Warfare in Africa 268 Alternative Fields of Leverage 275 Suggested Readings 280 Chapter 1 280 Chapter 2 280 Guinea-Bissau 280 Mozambique 280 Angola 281 Chapter 3 281 Zimbabwe 281 Namibia 281 South Africa 282 Chapter 4 282 Uganda 282 Rwanda 282 Eritrea and Tigray 282 Sudan and Somalia 283 Chapter 5 283 West African Conflicts 283 Somalia 284 Congo 284 Chapter 6 285 Kenya 284 Nigeria 285 Index 286 9780521850452,Hardback,9780521615525,Paperback Cambridge eText "This book surveys the history of armed conflict in Africa in the period since decolonization and independence. The number of post-independence conflicts in Africa has been considerable, and this book introduces to readers a comprehensive analysis of their causes and character. Tracing the evolution of warfare from anti-colonial and anti-apartheid campaigns to complex conflicts in which factionalized armies, militias, and rebel groups fight with each other and prey upon non-combatants, it allows the readers a new perspective to understand violence on the continent. The book is written to appeal not only to students of history and African politics, but also to experts in the policy community, the military, and humanitarian agencies"-- Provided by publisher