Volume 1: Community and Society. Volume 1, Community and society / Community and society. Volume 1

Our experiences of the city are dependent on our gender, race, class, age, ability, and sexual orientation. It was already clear before the pandemic that cities around the world were divided and becoming increasingly unequal. The pandemic has torn back the curtain on many of these pre-existing inequalities. Contributions to this volume engage directly with different urban communities around the world. They give voice to those who experience poverty, discrimination and marginalisation in order to put them in the front and center of planning, policy, and political debates that make and shape cities. Offering crucial insights for reforming cities to be more resilient to future crises, this is an invaluable resource for scholars and policy makers alike. Front Cover Series Volume 1: Community and Society Copyright information Table of contents List of Figures and Tables Notes on Contributors Acknowledgments Preface to All Four Volumes of Global Reflections on COVID-19 and Urban Inequalities One Introduction Pandemic imagery and urban inequalities Intersectionality and the pandemic city Outline and structure of this volume Note References PART I Working Practices Two Street Vendor Struggles: Maintaining a Livelihood Through the COVID-19 Lockdown in Hanoi, Vietnam Introduction Initial impacts Rising financial burdens for migrant vendors Social burden and stigma Rising inequalities New inequalities within itinerant vending sector Further inequalities compared to other urban workforce sectors Conclusion Note References Three The Man and the Scooter: How the Low-Income Worker Helps Save a Locked-Down City Introduction Urban inequality in the Gulf Dubai: the global city, the divided city Delivery and workers Early COVID-19 in Dubai Interviews Conclusion References Four The Hidden Inequities and Divisions among Workers in the US: The Domestic Workers’ Workforce as Non-Essential Workers Introduction Key demographics on domestic workers and working conditions in the US Lack of regulations and invisibility Organizing and advocating efforts Employers Conclusion References Fiver Reflections of Living ‘Hand-to-Mouth’ among ‘Hustlers’ During COVID-19: Insights on the Realities of Poverty in Jamaica Introduction Right to the city and hustling Background to the informal labor market in Jamaica ‘Hustling’ as an informal livelihood in the Jamaican urban space Case study and research methodology The impact of the pandemic and lock-down on ‘hustling activities’ in Annotto Bay Conclusion Notes References Six Looking at Urban Inequalities Regarding Different Jobs in the Age of COVID-19: Who Stayed at Home, Who Did Not? Introduction Who stayed at home, who did not? Spatial differentiation Conclusion Note References PART II Life During Lockdown Seven Ageist Transport Infrastructures: Rethinking Public Transport amid COVID-19 Lockdowns in India Introduction Transport policies and ageism during COVID-19 Immobilizing the vulnerable Conclusion Note References Eight The Pandemic and Food Insecurity in Small Cities of the Global South: A Case Study of Noapara in Bangladesh Introduction Methodology Pre-pandemic food and nutritional environment in Noapara COVID-19 lockdown’s impact on food security and coping strategies Conclusion Acknowledgments References Nine How Governments’ Response to the Pandemic Exacerbate Gender Inequalities in Belarus and Ukraine: Comparative Analysis of Minsk and Kyiv Cases Introduction The differences between the policies in Minsk and Kyiv The main problems faced by men and women during the pandemic Domestic violence during the pandemic Activism Conclusion References Ten Infrastructure Inequality and Privileged Capacity to Transform Everyday Life in COVID-19 South Africa Introduction. A global virus in the Global South Privileged capacity to comply South Africa’s virus and government response The privilege of ‘choosing’ to follow public health recommendations Social distancing and social grants Overcrowded housing in lockdown Food security in lockdown Conclusion Notes References Eleven Under Quarantine in a City Project: Stories of Fear, Family, Food, and Community Introduction Fear Family Food Community Conclusion References Twelve The Impacts of Socio-Spatial Inequity: COVID-19 in São Paulo Eliana S., the cleaner Givanildo P., the community organizer Ho Y.L., the medical doctor Conclusion References PART III Migration, Migrants, and Refugees Thirteen Liminality, Gender, and Ethnic Dynamics in Urban Space: COVID-19 and its Consequences for Young Female Migrants (YFM) in Dhaka Introduction Bangladesh in times of COVID-19 Reinforcing, reshuffling, and reworking the pre-existing present Conclusion Notes References Fourteen Spatial Inequality and Colonial Palimpsest in Kuala Lumpur Sanitation and the colonial ordering of space Inequality in the city The city as a colonial palimpsest References Fifteen The COVID-19 Pandemic and the Travails of Rohingya Refugees in the Largest Bangladeshi Refugee Camp Introduction The context Methodology Rohingya camps and COVID-19: the challenges Challenges involving mobility Health challenges Economic challenges Conclusion References Sixteen Singapore’s Pandemic Governance and Deepening Marginalization of Migrant Workmen Introduction The spatialization of racial differentiation in Singapore’s migrant worker governance Migrant precarity and the production of pandemic ‘hotspots’ Conclusion References PART IV Age, Race, Gender, and Ability Seventeen Experiential Equity: An Environmental Neuroscientific Lens for Disparities in Urban Stress Urban stress ‘Experiential equity’ and differing experiences of the city Policy and practice implications References Eighteen What is the Relationship between COVID-19 and the Movement to ‘Defund the Police’? The great disruption The history and geography of an idea How are the ‘defund’ idea and COVID-19 related? References Nineteen Following the Voices of Older Adults During the COVID-19 Crisis: Perspectives from the Netherlands Introduction ‘It’s a strange sensation’ ‘From approaching to avoiding’ More considerate Conclusion References Twenty The Role of Social Infrastructures for Trans* People During the COVID-19 Pandemic Social infrastructures Urban inequities of transgender people and social infrastructures Social infrastructures of health Community belonging Housing Conclusion References Twenty-One COVID-19 and Blind Spaces: Responding to Digital (In)Accessibility and Social Isolation During Lockdown for Blind, Deafblind, Low Vision, and Vision Impaired Persons in Aotearoa New Zealand Notes References Twenty-Two Conclusion Note References Index Back Cover Our experiences of the city are dependent on our gender, race, class, age, ability and sexual orientation. It was already clear before the pandemic that cities around the world were divided and becoming increasingly unequal. The pandemic has torn back the curtain on many of these pre-existing inequalities. Contributions to this volume engage directly with different urban communities around the world. They give voice to those who experience poverty, discrimination and marginalisation in order to put them in the front and centre of planning, policy and political debates that make and shape cities. Offering crucial insights for reforming cities to be more resilient to future crises, this is an invaluable resource for scholars and policy makers alike This international volume explores the transformations of public space and public transport in response to COVID-19, both those resulting from official governmental regulations and from everyday practices of urban citizens. The contributors discuss how the virus made urban inequalities clearer, and redefined public spaces in the "new normal".