Volcanic successions, modern and ancient : a geological approach to processes, products, and successions

One of our aims in the book is to provide geologists with a sound basis for making their own well founded interpretations. For that reason we cover not only concepts about processes, and the nature of the products, but also methods and approaches that may be useful in analysing both modern and ancient successions. Most importantly, we treat the diversity of products in volcanic terrains as facies, and we use the method of facies analysis and interpretation as a means of constructing facies models for different volcanic settings. These models will, we hope, be useful as norms for comparison for workers in ancient terrains. The idea for this book came into being between 1981 and 1982 when J. V. W. came to Monash University to take up a Monash Postdoctoral Fellowship. During this period a short course on facies analysis in modern and ancient successions was put together, integrating J.V.W.'s extensive volcanological experience in numerous modern volcanic terrains with R.A.F.C.'s extensive sedimentological and volcanological experience in older volcanic and associated sedimentary successions in the Palaeozoic and Precambrian of Australia. The enthusiastic response from the participants to the first short course, taught in May 1982, and to subsequent annual re-runs, encouraged us to develop the short course notes into this book. The idea for both the short course and the book arose because we felt that there was no single source available that comprehensively attempted to address the problems of analysing, interpreting and understanding the complexity of processes, products and stratigraphy in volcanic terrains. Front Matter....Pages i-xvi An introduction to facies analysis in volcanic terrains....Pages 2-12 Some properties of magmas relevant to their physical behaviour....Pages 14-30 Volcaniclastic deposits: fragmentation and general characteristics....Pages 32-57 Lava flows....Pages 58-91 Three types of pyroclastic deposits and their eruption: an introduction....Pages 92-126 Modern pyroclastic fall deposits and their eruptions....Pages 128-174 Transport and deposition of subaerial pyroclastic flows and surges....Pages 176-221 Ignimbrites and ignimbrite-forming eruptions....Pages 222-266 Subaqueous pyroclastic flows and deep-sea ash layers....Pages 268-291 Epiclastic processes in volcanic terrains....Pages 292-330 Crystal-rich volcaniclastics—pyroclastic or epiclastic?....Pages 332-347 Classification of modern and ancient volcaniclastic rocks of pyroclastic and epiclastic origins....Pages 348-361 Modern volcanoes and volcanic centres....Pages 362-410 Facies models for ancient volcanic successions....Pages 412-442 Volcanism and tectonic setting....Pages 444-467 Back Matter....Pages 469-528