Volcanic Hazards: Assessment and Monitoring (IAVCEI Proceedings in Volcanology Book 1)

The contributions in this book were presented, orally or as posters, at the International Volcanological Congress held in New Zealand from 1 to 9 February 1986, the centenary year of the Tarawera eruption of 10 June 1886. More than 500 people, from 29 countries, attend­ ed the Congress. Most of these works formed part of Symposium 4, "Volcanic Hazards - Prediction and Assess­ ment", convened by J.H. Latter, R.R. Dibble, D.A. Swanson and C.G. Newhall. The collection represents over half of the published abstracts of Symposium 4, together with three papers given at the Symposium, which lacked abstracts, and two which were part of Symposium 1 on pyroclastic flow deposits. The contribu­ tions cover a good proportion of the volcanically active parts of the world, with Italy, Japan, the West Indies and the USA especially well represented. Mount Erebus, Vulcano and Rabaul are individual volcanoes which have been treated in particular detail. Unfor­ tunately, there are no chapters in the book dealing with Africa, the Atlantic islands (except Iceland), Hawaii, Central America (except Mexico), or South America (in spite of the major disaster at Nevado del Ruiz Volcano in 1985). Front Matter....Pages I-XIII Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Volcanic Winter? Climatic Effects of the Largest Volcanic Eruptions....Pages 3-9 Prediction of Volcanic Hazards on the Basis of the Study of Dynamics of Volcanic Activity, Kamchatka....Pages 10-35 Study Models for Volcanic Hazards in Iceland....Pages 36-56 Volcanic and Associated Hazards in the Lesser Antilles....Pages 57-85 The Evolution of La Grande Découverte (La Soufrière) Volcano, Guadeloupe (F.W.I.)....Pages 86-109 Volcan Popocatepetl: Recent Eruptive History, and Potential Hazards and Risks in Future Eruptions....Pages 110-128 Use of Computer-Generated Movies to Present Volcanic Hazards....Pages 129-136 Mt. Etna (Sicily): Volcanic Hazard Assessment....Pages 137-150 The 1982–83 Eruption of Galunggung (Indonesia): A Case Study of Volcanic Hazards with Particular Relevance to Air Navigation....Pages 151-162 Some Notes on False Alarms of Volcanic Activity and Mud Flows....Pages 163-168 Explosive Volcanic Activity Generated from Within Advancing Silicic Lava Flows....Pages 169-179 The May 1915 Eruptions of Lassen Peak, California, I: Characteristics of Events Occurring on 19 May....Pages 180-200 Discrimination Between Debris Avalanches and Other Volcaniclastic Deposits....Pages 201-209 The 1984 Collapse and Debris Avalanche Deposits of Ontake Volcano, Central Japan....Pages 210-229 Front Matter....Pages 231-231 The Detection Capability of Explosive Eruptions Using GMS Imagery, and the Behaviour of Dispersing Eruption Clouds....Pages 233-245 Volcanic Activity in Japan Monitored by the Japan Meteorological Agency Using Detected Precursory Phenomena....Pages 246-259 A Summary of Precursors to Volcanic Eruptions in Papua New Guinea....Pages 260-291 Eruptions, Eruption Precursors and Related Phenomena in the Lesser Antilles....Pages 292-311 Patterns of Volcanic Activity of Piton de la Fournaise (Réunion Island, Indian Ocean). A Synthesis Based on Monitoring Data Between 1980 and July 1985, and on Historic Records Since 1930....Pages 312-338 Volcano Monitoring in the Aeolian Islands (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea): The Lipari-Vulcano Eruptive Complex....Pages 339-356 Front Matter....Pages 231-231 Microgravity Changes and Ground Deformation at Rabaul Caldera, 1973–1985....Pages 399-428 Earthquakes of the Rabaul Seismo-Deformational Crisis September 1983 to July 1985: Seismicity on a Caldera Ring Fault....Pages 429-462 Some Seismic Precursors to Eruptions at Pavlof Volcano, Alaska, October 1973–April 1986....Pages 463-485 Volcanic Tremor of Kliuchevskoi Volcano (1984 Eruption)....Pages 486-503 Some Significant Features of Pre-Eruption Volcanic Earthquakes....Pages 504-512 The Taupo Seismic System....Pages 513-519 Classification of Volcanic Earthquakes at Mount Erebus Antarctica....Pages 520-535 Infrasonic Recordings of Strombolian Eruptions of Erebus, Antarctica, March – December 1984, Covering the Jump in Activity on 13 September 1984....Pages 536-553 Thermal Infrared Surveys at Vulcano Island: An Experimental Approach to the Thermal Monitoring of Volcanoes....Pages 357-371 Deformation Monitoring of Mt. Erebus, Antarctica, 1980–1985....Pages 554-560 Vertical Deformation Monitoring by Periodic Water Level Observations, Lake Taupo, New Zealand....Pages 561-574 Geodetic and Geophysical Monitoring of the 1886 Tarawera Rift....Pages 575-584 A Preliminary Experiment on Automated Judgement of the Stages of Eruptive Activity Using Tiltmeter Records at Sakurajima, Japan....Pages 585-598 The Forecasting Significance of Chemical Indicators in Areas of Quiescent Volcanism: Examples from Vulcano and Phlegrean Fields (Italy)....Pages 372-383 Geochemical Precursors at Solfatara Volcano, Pozzuoli (Italy)....Pages 384-398 Back Matter....Pages 599-625 The contributions in this book were presented, orally or as posters, at the International Volcanological Congress held in New Zealand from 1 to 9 February 1986, the centenary year of the Tarawera eruption of 10 June 1886. More than 500 people, from 29 countries, attendƯ ed the Congress. Most of these works formed part of Symposium 4, "Volcanic Hazards - Prediction and AssessƯ ment", convened by J.H. Latter, R.R. Dibble, D.A. Swanson and C.G. Newhall. The collection represents over half of the published abstracts of Symposium 4, together with three papers given at the Symposium, which lacked abstracts, and two which were part of Symposium 1 on pyroclastic flow deposits. The contribuƯ tions cover a good proportion of the volcanically active parts of the world, with Italy, Japan, the West Indies and the USA especially well represented. Mount Erebus, Vulcano and Rabaul are individual volcanoes which have been treated in particular detail. UnforƯ tunately, there are no chapters in the book dealing with Africa, the Atlantic islands (except Iceland), Hawaii, Central America (except Mexico), or South America (in spite of the major disaster at Nevado del Ruiz Volcano in 1985) Volcano Hazards are of great contemporary environmental concern. This book comprises about half the papers and posters presented at a symposium on Volcanic Hazards-Prediction and Assessment, which was part of the International Volcanological Congress held in New Zealand. The wide range of geological, geophysical, geochemical, and remote sensing techniques used in assessing hazards and monitoring volcanoes is demonstrated in two parts, the first dealing mainly with Hazard Assessment, and the second mostly with Monitoring. Special attention is devoted to the question of how surveillance of both active and inactive volcanoes can be carried out in different parts of the world. This compilation will prove useful not only for researchers in the field, but also for anyone required to deal with practical aspects of public safety in volcanic emergencies