Visual Thinking

In this seminal work, Arnheim, asserts that all thinking (not just thinking related to art) is basically perceptual in nature, and that the ancient dichotomy between seeing and thinking, between perceiving and reasoning, is false and misleading. Rudolf Arnheim, who is now Professor of Psychology of Art at Harvard, is known throughout the world for his psychological studies of the forms and functions of art; his earlier books have been translated into German, Italian, Spanish, Japanese, and other languages. His new contention, in Visual thinking, is provocative and far-ranging. He asserts that all thinking (not just thinking related to art or other visual experiences) is basically perceptual in nature--an that the ancient dichotomy between seeing and thinking, between perceiving and reasoning, is false and misleading. He shows that even the fundamental processes of vision involve mechanisms typical of reasoning, and he describes problem-solving in the arts as well as imagery in the thought-models of science. Far from being a "lower function", our perceptual response to the world is the basic means by which we structure events, and from which we derive ideas and therefore language. The materials used in Arnheim's argument come from philosophers ancient and modern; from psychological laboratory experiments; from work on the perception and art-work of children; from scientific writings in physics and astronomy. Arnheim's cogent observations keep the discussion tangible and relevant to human experience in real situations. Although intended for the general reader, Visual Thinking is of immediate interest to the educator because of its practical consequences for the function of art in education and more broadly, for visual training in all fields of learning. Theoretical contentions are presented throughout with the lively concreteness that has made Arnheim's earlier Art and Visual Perception an indispensable tool for students and friends of the arts 1. Early Stirrings......Page 13 2. The Intelligence of Visual Perception (i)......Page 25 3. The Intelligence of Visual Perception (ii)......Page 49 4. Two and Two Together......Page 66 5. The Past in the Present......Page 92 6. The Images of Thought......Page 109 7. Concepts Take Shape......Page 128 8. Pictures, Symbols, and Signs......Page 148 9. What Abstraction Is Not......Page 166 10. What Abstraction Is......Page 186 11. With Feet on the Ground......Page 201 12. Thinking with Pure Shapes......Page 221 13. Words in Their Place......Page 239 14. Art and Thought......Page 267 15. Models for Theory......Page 287 16. Vision in Education......Page 307 Asserts that all thinking is basically perceptual in nature - and that the ancient dichotomy between seeing and thinking, between perceiving and reasoning, is false and misleading--Cover The 35th Anniversary Of This Classic Of Art Theory.