Vision and Violence: Lama Zhang and the Politics of Charisma in Twelfth-Century Tibet (Brill's Tibetan Studies Library)

"This book offers the first in-depth examination of the life and writings of Lama Zhang (1122-1193), key figure in the "Tibetan renaissance." Controversial, larger-than-life, already revered as a literary innovator and tantric meditation master, Zhang entered public life in mid-career and forged a new model of rulership and religious community that would set the standard for later religious rulers of Lhasa--most notably the Dalai Lamas. The focus of the model was the tantric hermit who comes down from the mountains and sustains a worldly community through his mastery of space, time, and symbol. The subject is approached through a complex of related issues: lineage and tradition-formation, charisma and hegemony, literary genre, textual economy, and the politics of tantra."--Publisher's website. Contents......Page 8 Preface......Page 12 Acknowledgments......Page 14 I. Sgam po pa’s Hat......Page 18 II. “Tibet in Pieces”......Page 21 III. The Buddhist Revival and the Rise of the Dwags po Bka’ brgyud pa Order......Page 23 IV. Lhasa in the Twelfth Century......Page 29 V. A Sketch of the Life......Page 30 VI. Lama Zhang’s Afterlife......Page 32 A. In Tibet......Page 33 B. In Scholarship......Page 35 A. Hegemony......Page 41 B. Charisma......Page 45 C. Style......Page 46 VIII. Sources......Page 49 I. Sources for Lama Zhang’s Life......Page 52 A. Works Written by Lama Zhang......Page 54 B. Works Written by Zhang’s Immediate Disciples and Contemporaries......Page 58 C. Works Written by Later Authors......Page 60 A. Birth and Childhood......Page 63 B. Early Education......Page 67 C. Destructive Magic and the Life Turnarounds......Page 69 D. Meetings with Key Teachers......Page 73 E. Meeting with Sgom tshul and Realization of Mahāmudrā......Page 80 F. Cultivation of Realization; Meditative Attainments......Page 83 G. Public Life......Page 88 H. Last Years and Death......Page 93 A. Sect and Lineage......Page 96 B. Lama Zhang’s Lineages......Page 99 C. The Formation of Traditions......Page 105 A. Chos lugs: Style vs. System......Page 113 B. The Elements of Lama Zhang’s Religious Style......Page 116 A. The Collapse of the Tibetan Empire and the Reconstitution of Tibet as a Buddhist Culture......Page 156 B. New Strategies of Legitimation; New Modes of Recognition and Self-Presentation; New Forms of Literature......Page 159 A. Textual Economies......Page 161 B. Genre Families......Page 165 I. The Two Career Paths......Page 192 A. Who Was Fighting?......Page 194 B. “The Yoke, the Law, and the Seals”......Page 211 A. The Works......Page 220 B. Marking Territory, Sacred and Political......Page 227 A. Reasons for Fighting......Page 230 B. Some Sites of Fighting......Page 233 A. Vision and Violence......Page 240 B. Lama Zhang as a Virtual Object......Page 247 A. “Eulogizing” Lama Zhang......Page 250 B. Humor and Rhetoric......Page 262 C. Reining in the Wildman......Page 263 A. Hegemony and Charisma......Page 272 B. The Spatial Dimension: Spread and Densification......Page 277 C. The Temporal Dimension: Lineage and the Formation of Traditions......Page 281 D. The Symbolic Dimension: Territory, Tradition, Text, and Identity......Page 283 II. “Lord of the Teachings” Revisited......Page 290 Appendices......Page 294 Appendix One Contents and Back Matter/Colophons to Volumes 1–7 of the Shedup-Namgyal 2004 Edition of Lama Zhang’s Collected Works......Page 296 Appendix Two Lama Zhang’s Root Lamas and Their Principal Teachers......Page 365 Appendix Three Listing of Lama Zhang’s 44 Teachers, Along with 141 Teachings Received, from Various Root Lamas (Rtsa ba’i bla ma sna tshogs kyis ‘thob byang), Shedup I.307–16......Page 366 Appendix Four List of 15 Lineages of Teachings Received by Zhang, from Various Lineages (Brgyud pa sna tshogs), Shedup I.293–307......Page 373 Appendix Five Occurrences of the Term bka’ brgyud in the Shedup-Namgyal 2004 Collected Works......Page 378 Appendix Six Occurrences of the Term lha sa sde bzhi in Lama Zhang’s Writings......Page 384 Bibliography......Page 386 Index......Page 400 This book examines the life of Lama Zhang, key figure in the "Tibetan renaissance"—a tantric master and literary innovator who forged a new model of rulership and community that would set the standard for later religious rulers of Lhasa.