Vibration Engineering and Technology of Machinery, Volume I: Select Proceedings of VETOMAC XVI 2021 (Mechanisms and Machine Science, 137)

This book presents the proceedings of the XVI International Conference on Vibration Engineering and Technology of Machinery (VETOMAC 2021). It gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of vibration and technology of machinery. Topics include concepts and methods in dynamics, dynamics of mechanical and structural systems, dynamics and control, condition monitoring, machinery and structural dynamics, rotor dynamics, experimental techniques, finite element model updating, industrial case studies, vibration control and energy harvesting, and MEMS. The contributions, which were selected through a rigorous international peer-review process, share exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster new multidisciplinary collaborations. The book is useful for the researchers, engineers and professionals working in the area of vibration engineering and technology of machinery. Committee Preface Contents About the Editors Identification in a Magnetically Levitated Rigid Rotor System Integrated with Misaligned Sensors and Active Magnetic Bearings 1 Introduction 2 System Description 3 Mathematical Modelling of the System 3.1 Modelling of Unbalance Force 3.2 Modelling of Misaligned AMB Force Considering Offsets in Sensors 3.3 Modelling of Misaligned Sensors 3.4 Dynamic Equations of the Considered Rotating System 4 Results Analysis and Identification 5 Conclusions References Thermo-Elastic Bending and Buckling Behavior of Functionally Graded Shafts with Various Grading Patterns 1 Introduction 2 Mathematical Modeling for Bending and Buckling Analysis of FG Shafts 2.1 Thermo-Elastic Material Properties of FGMs 2.2 Derivation of Temperature Field 2.3 Problem Formulation and Basic Assumptions 2.4 Kinematic and Constitutive Equation 2.5 Derivation of Governing Equation of Motion 2.6 Analytical Solution Procedure 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Influences of Material Gradient Index and Temperature Gradient on overlinew for S–S FG Shaft 3.2 Influences of L / . ( Ro - Ri ) and End Conditions on ΔTcr for FG Shaft with UTD, LTD, NLTD and ETD 3.3 Influences of L / . ( Ro - Ri ) and Material Gradient Index on ΔTcr for FG Shaft with UTD, LTD, and NLTD 3.4 Influences of ΔT and Material Gradient Index on ΔTcr for FG Shaft Subjected to UTD and NLTD 4 Conclusions References Modeling and Analysis of Low-Pressure Steam Turbine Blade 1 Introduction 2 Computation Analysis of an LP Steam Turbine Blade 2.1 Chemical Composition 2.2 Mechanical Properties 2.3 Static Structural Analysis of Blade 2.4 Dynamic Analysis of LP Steam Turbine Blade 2.5 Campbell Diagram of Lp Steam Turbine Blade 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Enhanced Energy Harvesting Application of Piezoceramics (PZT) in MEMS Devices 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Experimental Details 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusions References Diesel Locomotive Alternator Bearing Damage Detection by Adopting Comprehensive Condition Monitoring Techniques 1 Introduction 2 Methodology for Detection of Alternator Bearing Detoriation 2.1 Pre-maintenance History 3 Experimental Details 3.1 Vibration Diagnosis 3.2 Frequency Analysis 3.3 Observations During Maintenance Work 3.4 Maintenance Work Carried Out 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Response Analysis of Inclined Edge Cracked Beam Under Moving Mass 1 Introduction 2 Problem Statements 3 Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and Numerical Formulation 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusions References Non-stationary Response of a Bridge Due to Moving Vehicle with Random Arrival Rate 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Theoretical Formulation 3 Dynamic Amplification Factor (DAF) 4 Numerical Study 4.1 Parametric Variations 5 Conclusions References Multiclass Fault Diagnosis and Novelty Detection of Induction Motor Using Deep Learning Algorithm Based on Frequency Domain Signal 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Setup Details 3 Fault Classification Methodology 3.1 Frequency Domain Data 3.2 Statistical Feature Extraction 3.3 Deep Learning Model 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 First DNN for the Sensors Fault Prediction 4.2 Second DNN for the IM Faults Prediction 4.3 Combined DNN 5 Conclusions References Modelling and Analysis of Active Magnetic Bearing Integrated Reaction Wheels for Satellite Applications 1 Introduction 2 Modelling of the Reaction Wheel System 2.1 Control Current 2.2 Micro-vibration Measurement 3 Numerical Simulation 4 Conclusion References Single Plane Balancing of Rotor-AMB System Using Virtual Trial Unbalances 1 Introduction 2 Implementation of ICM Using Virtual Trial Unbalances 3 Estimation of Unbalances with Magnetic Excitation 3.1 Control Structure 3.2 PID Control 3.3 Balancing Procedure 4 Results and Discussions 5 Conclusions References Comparison of Linear and Non-linear Feedforward Algorithms to Control Chaotic and Impulsive Noise 1 Introduction 2 Linear Algorithms 2.1 FxLMS Algorithm 2.2 FxRLS Algorithm 3 Non-linear Algorithm 4 Numerical Study 4.1 Vibro Acoustic Cavity 4.2 Chaotic Noise 4.3 Impulsive Noise 5 Conclusion References Effect of Thermo-Mechanical Coupling and Large Deformation on the Response of SMA Structures 1 Introduction 2 Constitutive Modelling of Shape Memory Alloy 3 Coupled Finite Element Formulation 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Pseudoelasticity of 1D SMA Wire 4.2 Thermal Recovery of SMA Plate with Hole 5 Summary and Conclusions References Performance Enhancement of Bistable Energy Harvester with Asymmetric Potential Function Using an Elastic Magnifier 1 Introduction 2 Mathematical Model and Equation of Motion of Asymmetric BEH with EM 3 Potential Energy Analysis 4 Effects of Mass and Stiffness Ratios in Time Domain 5 Effects of Mass and Stiffness Ratios in Frequency Domain 6 Performance Comparison 7 Comparisons with Symmetric BEH with EM 8 Conclusion References Vibration Reduction in Ambulance Using Modified Stretcher with Vibration Absorber 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Measurement of Vibration 2.2 Design of Vibration Absorber for Stretcher 3 Experimental Details 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Simulation Studies of Low-Velocity Impact Damage in FRPS 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 2.1 Dynamic Simulation 2.2 Static Simulation—Material and Modelling 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Results of Low-Velocity Impact (LVI) Test 3.2 Intralayer Damage—Matrix Cracking 3.3 Interlayer Damage—Delamination 3.4 Results of Compression After Impact (CAI) Test 4 Conclusions References Experimental Identification of Unbalance and Crack Parameters in an Internally Damped Rotor System Integrated with an Active Magnetic Bearing 1 Introduction 2 Analytical Approcah of Cracked Internally Damped Rotor-Amb System 2.1 Equations of Motion 2.2 Identification Algorithm 3 Experimental Analysis 4 Results and Discussions 4.1 Analysis of Time Domain and Frequency Domain Signal from the Extracted Test Data 4.2 Estimation of Fault and System Parameters 5 Conclusions Appendix A: Mathematical Formulation of Cracked Internally Damped Rotor—Amb System References Vibration Response Prediction in Rotor Systems with External Damping by Deep Learning Using Geometrical Features 1 Introduction 2 System Configuration 2.1 Rotor Bearing System 2.2 Input Features Selection 3 Response Generation from Numerical Simulation 3.1 Shaft 3.2 Disc 3.3 Bearings 3.4 Squeeze Film Damper 4 Neural Networks 5 Results and Discussion References Effect of Bluff Body on the Performance of Flutter Based Energy Harvester 1 Introduction 2 Methodology and Experimental Details 2.1 Case 1: Flutter Prediction of Cantilever Flexible Plate Without Bluff Body 2.2 Case 2: Flutter Prediction of Cantilever Flexible Plate with 2 cm Square Bluff Body 3 Energy Harvesting 4 Conclusions References A Systematic Review of Rotor Unbalance Diagnosis in Rotating Machinery Based on Machine Learning Algorithms 1 Introduction 2 Non-traditional Method in Mass Imbalance Diagnosis and Prognosis: Machine Learning 2.1 Supervised Learning 2.2 Unsupervised Learning 2.3 Semi-supervised Learning 2.4 Ensemble Learning 2.5 Instance-Based Learning 2.6 Neural Network 2.7 Deep Learning 3 The Advantages and Disadvantages of Machine Learning Algorithms 4 Conclusion References Tuning of PID Parameters for Misaligned Rotor Bearing System 1 Introduction 2 Modelling of Misaligned Rotor-Bearing System 2.1 Assumptions and Description of the Model 3 Simulated System Responses Based on Rise and Settling Times 4 Calculation of Misalignment Forces and Moments 5 Formulation of Identification Algorithm 6 Fault Parameter Estimation 7 Conclusions References Machine Learning-Based Fault Prediction of Electromechanical System with Current and Vibration Signals 1 Introduction 2 SVM Introduction 3 Experimental Setup 4 Feature Calculation Based on CWT 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusions References Identifying Condition Indicators for Artificially Intelligent Fault Classification in Rolling Element Bearings 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Data and Machine Learning Implementation 2.1 Data Subset 2.2 Fault Features 2.3 Cross-Validation Approach 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Raw Data 3.2 Box Plot 3.3 Scatter Plot 3.4 Confusion Matrix 4 Conclusions References Influence of Local Surface Cracks on Dynamic Parameters of Multi-span Beam 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Number of Spans 3.2 Multiple Cracks 3.3 Influence of Support Location 4 Concluding Remarks References Crack Detection in a Shaft Using Wavelet Packet Transform 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Mathematical Modeling of Cracked Shaft 2.2 Wavelet Packet Transform 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Multiple Crack Detection 4 Experimental Details 5 Conclusions References Design and Modeling of Piezo-resistive MEMS Accelerometer for Crash Test Application 1 Introduction 2 Design Principles and Considerations 2.1 Effects of Piezo-Resistive Sensors 2.2 Static and Dynamic Response of MEMS Accelerometer 2.3 Mathematical Design Calculation 2.4 Piezo-Resistor Positioning (Placement) and Output 2.5 Material Selection 2.6 Fabrication Process Flow/Steps for Piezo-Resistive Based MEMS Accelerometer 2.7 MEMS Accelerometer Packaging for Crash Testing Applications 3 Modeling and Meshing 3.1 2D Structure and 3D Modeling 3.2 Meshing 4 Simulation and Analysis 4.1 Static Analysis—Displacement and Stress Analysis 4.2 Stress Analysis 4.3 Dynamic Analysis—Modal Analysis and Harmonic Response 4.4 PZR Analysis 4.5 Results and Validation 5 Conclusions References Classification of Orbits of Rotor Supported on Squeeze Film Damper by Supervised Learning Method 1 Introduction 2 Mathematical Model 3 Empirical Mode Decomposition 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Accuracy of SVM and KNN Models 5 Conclusion References Free Vibration Response of 3D Braided Reinforced Composite Conoidal Shell Using Third-Order Shear Deformation Theory 1 Introduction 2 Mathematical Formulations 2.1 Displacement Fields 2.2 The Strain Energy of Conoidal Shells 2.3 The Kinetic Energy of Conoidal Shells 2.4 FE Formulations 2.5 Micromechanical Approach of 3D Braided Conoidal Shells 2.6 Free Vibration Analysis 2.7 Boundary Conditions 3 Results and Discussions 3.1 Effect of Braid Angle (α) 3.2 Effect of Braided Volume Fraction (Vf) 3.3 Effect of Height Ratio (HL/HH) on Natural Frequency 3.4 Influence of Thickness Ratio (a/h) 4 Conclusions Appendix References A Dynamic Model for Polymer Draft Gears 1 Introduction 2 Brief Review of Existing Models 2.1 Nonlinear Hysteresis Characteristics 2.2 Lookup Table Methods 2.3 Polynomial Fitting Methods 3 Model Development and Validation 3.1 Static Force Component 3.2 Dynamic Force Component 3.3 Total Force 3.4 Controlling Unloading Response 4 Shunting Impact Simulation 5 Conclusions References Modelling and Dynamic Analysis of Tapered Viscoelastic Laminated Composite Beam 1 Introduction 2 Mathematical Modelling: Viscoelastic Tapered Composite Beam 3 Results and Discussions 4 Conclusions References Analysis of Limiting Load Capacity and Stiffness Coefficients of Porous-Bump-Recess Foil Journal Bearing 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Limiting Load Capacity and Stiffness Coefficients of Bump Recess Foil Journal Bearing with FGM 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Modal Analysis of 3D Braided Composite Reinforced Twisted Spherical Shell Using 3D Finite Element Method 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Formulation 2.1 Displacement Field 2.2 Strain–Displacement Relationship 2.3 Constitutive Relations 2.4 Strain Energy 2.5 Kinetic Energy 2.6 Finite Element Formulation 3 Micromechanical Approach of 3D Braided Spherical Shells 3.1 Mechanical/Material Properties of Unidirectional Braided Spherical Shell Panels 4 Free Vibration Analysis 5 Boundary Conditions 6 Material Properties 7 Results and Discussions 7.1 Effect of Braided Fiber Volume Fraction (Vf) and Curvature Ratios (r/a) on Natural Frequency 7.2 Effect of Braid Angle (α) and Boundary Conditions on Natural Frequency ( = ωa2 /hsqrtρf /E22f ) 7.3 Effect of Twist Angle () on Natural Frequency ( = ωa2 /hsqrtρf /E22f ) 7.4 Effect of Aspect Ratios on Natural Frequency ( = ωa2 /hsqrtρf /E22f ) 8 Conclusions Appendix References Dynamic Analysis of Flexible-Joint and Single Flexible-Link Manipulator by Using Finite Element Analysis 1 Introduction 2 Modeling 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Dynamic Analysis of Flexible-Link and Rigid-Joint Manipulator 3.2 Dynamic Analysis of Flexible-Joint and Flexible-Link Manipulator 3.3 Dynamic Analysis of Curved Flexible-Link and Rigid-Joint Manipulator with Circular Holes 3.4 Dynamic Analysis of Curved Flexible-Link and Rigid-Joint Manipulator with Different Types of Holes 4 Conclusion References Prediction of Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior Under Cold-Turbistan Spectrum Loads Using Variable Crack Closure Approach in GTM 720 Nickel Base Superalloy 1 Introduction 2 Spectrum Load Sequence 3 Material and Specimen 4 Fatigue Crack Growth Law 5 Fatigue Crack Closure 6 Fatigue Crack Growth Prediction 7 Results and Discussion 8 Concluding Remarks References Optimization of Active Vibration Absorber by Acceleration Feedback Using Fixed Point Theory and Genetic Algorithm 1 Introduction 2 Formulation of the System 3 Mathematical Analysis 3.1 Optimization of the AVA 3.2 Fixed Point Theory and GA Techniques for the Proposed AVA 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Study of Time-Varying Oil Film Damping and Contact Stiffness of Ball Bearings 1 Introduction 2 Mathematical Model 3 Result and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Static and Vibration Response Analysis of Pzt-5A/PT Based Smart Functionally Graded (SFG) Plate Subjected to Electromechanical Loading 1 Introduction 2 Mathematical Formulation 3 Energy Expressions 4 Solution Methodology 5 Numerical Results and Discussions 5.1 Convergence Assessment 5.2 Comparison Assessment 5.3 Static Analysis 5.4 Free Vibration Study 6 Conclusions References Influence of Squeeze Film Damper on the Rub-Impact Response of a Dual-Rotor Model 1 Introduction 2 Dynamic Model of the Two-Spool Aero-Engine 2.1 Nonlinear Forces in the Dual-Rotor Model 3 Mode Shapes and Critical Speeds 4 Steady State Response of Two-Spool Rotor During Rub-Impact 5 Conclusions Appendix: Physical Dimensions and Properties of the Model References Index