Veterinary Periodontology: Niemiec/Veterinary Periodontology

Veterinary Periodontology is a comprehensive yet user-friendly reference on periodontal disease in dogs and cats, encompassing etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical features. Emphasizing clinical management of this common dental disease, this book covers basic as well as advanced treatments, offering practical instruction on therapeutic procedures. Veterinary Periodontology builds on existing human-based knowledge to provide veterinary-specific information on the periodontal disease process, therapies, patient management, and instrumentation. The book presents detailed information in an accessible format, including numerous step-by-step procedures for use in the clinic. Full-color images aid in comprehension. Veterinary Periodontology is beneficial for anyone who practices veterinary dentistry, including specialists, general practitioners, students, and technicians. Content: Chapter 1 The structure and Function of the Periodontium (pages 1–17): Kevin Stepaniuk and James E. Hinrichs Chapter 2 Etiology and Pathogenesis of Periodontal Disease (pages 18–34): Brook A. Niemiec Chapter 3 Bacteriology of Periodontal Disease (pages 35–37): Colin E. Harvey Chapter 4 Gingivitis (pages 39–50): Brook A. Niemiec Chapter 5 Periodontitis (pages 51–68): Brook A. Niemiec Chapter 6 Local and regional consequences of periodontal disease (pages 69–80): Brook A. Niemiec Chapter 7 Systemic Manifestations of Periodontal Disease (pages 81–90): Kevin Stepaniuk and James E. Hinrichs Chapter 8 Unusual forms of periodontal disease (pages 91–104): Brook A. Niemiec Chapter 9 Dental Radiology for Periodontal Disease (pages 105–128): Jerzy Gawor Chapter 10 The Complete Dental Cleaning (pages 129–153): Brook A. Niemiec Chapter 11 Advanced Non?Surgical Therapy (pages 154–169): Brook A. Niemiec Chapter 12 Local Antibiotic Usage (pages 170–174): Brook A. Niemiec Chapter 13 Home Plaque Control (pages 175–185): Brook A. Niemiec Chapter 14 Antibiotics in Periodontal Disease (pages 186–189): R. Michael Peak Chapter 15 Gingival Surgery (pages 191–205): Brook A. Niemiec Chapter 16 Periodontal Flap Surgery (pages 206–248): Brook A. Niemiec Chapter 17 Treatment of the Exposed Root Surface (pages 249–253): Brook A. Niemiec Chapter 18 Osseous Surgery and Guided Tissue Regeneration (pages 254–288): Brook A. Niemiec and Robert Furman Chapter 19 Furcation Involvement and Treatment (pages 289–295): Paul Theuns Chapter 20 Host Modulation Therapies (pages 297–304): Brook A. Niemiec Chapter 21 Patient Management for Periodontal Therapy (pages 305–312): Brett Beckman Chapter 22 Periodontal Hand Instruments (pages 313–323): Brook A. Niemiec Chapter 23 Mechanical Scalers (pages 324–329): Brook A. Niemiec Chapter 24 Other Power Equipment Used in Periodontology (pages 330–333): Brook A. Niemiec Veterinary Periodontology......Page 1 Veterinary Periodontology......Page 2 Contents......Page 4 Contributors......Page 5 Reviewers......Page 6 Preface......Page 7 Odontogenesis and the periodontium......Page 9 General histology of the gingiva......Page 10 Vascular supply, nerves, and lymphatics of the gingiva......Page 11 Free gingiva and the sulcular epithelium......Page 12 Attached gingiva......Page 13 Junctional epithelium and the gingival crevicular fluid......Page 14 Periodontal ligament......Page 16 Cells and connective tissue of the periodontal ligament......Page 17 Periodontal ligament fiber groups......Page 18 Cementum......Page 19 Alveolar bone......Page 20 Alveolar bone remodeling......Page 21 Acknowledgment......Page 22 References......Page 23 Section 1: Understanding the disease process......Page 8 Adherence of plaque......Page 24 Plaque formation......Page 25 Bacterial behavior......Page 27 Calculus......Page 28 Factors within the oral cavity......Page 29 Systemic influences on the progression of periodontal disease......Page 34 Corticosteroids......Page 35 Periodontal inflammation......Page 36 References......Page 37 3. Bacteriology of periodontal disease......Page 41 References......Page 42 Gingival defense......Page 45 Stage II the early lesion......Page 48 Stage IV gingivitis Advanced......Page 50 Gingivitis scoring index......Page 51 Therapy......Page 52 References......Page 53 Section 2: The progression of disease......Page 44 Clinical signs......Page 55 Patterns of bone loss......Page 56 Staging periodontal disease......Page 60 Furcational exposure......Page 61 Mobility......Page 68 Other clinical signs......Page 69 Treatment......Page 70 References......Page 71 Class II perio-endo lesion......Page 73 Pathologic fracture......Page 75 Osteomyelitis......Page 79 Conclusion......Page 82 References......Page 83 Pathogenesis of systemic effects......Page 85 Liver and kidneys......Page 86 Lungs......Page 87 Adverse pregnancy effects......Page 88 References......Page 89 Clinical appearance......Page 95 Diagnosis......Page 97 Treatment......Page 98 Clinical signs......Page 99 Diagnostics......Page 100 Surgical therapy......Page 102 Antibiotics......Page 103 Conclusions......Page 104 Clinical features......Page 105 Management......Page 106 References......Page 107 The value of periodontal radiography......Page 110 Radiographic appearance of normal periodontal anatomy......Page 115 Radiography in periodontal disease and other pathologic conditions......Page 117 The appearance of the periodontium in specific conditions......Page 122 Clinical applications of periodontal radiography......Page 124 References......Page 130 Section 3: Initial therapy of periodontal disease......Page 109 Step 1: Presurgical exam and consultation......Page 132 Step 2: Chlorhexidine lavage......Page 138 Mechanical scalers......Page 139 Mechanical scaling......Page 140 Technique......Page 142 Hand scaling......Page 143 Mechanical scaling......Page 145 Step 6: Polishing......Page 146 Step 7: Sulcal lavage......Page 147 Step 8: Fluoride therapy Optional......Page 148 Step 9: Periodontal probing, oral evaluation, and dental charting......Page 149 Step 10: Dental radiographs......Page 152 Notes......Page 153 References......Page 154 Introduction......Page 157 Hand scaling/root planing......Page 159 Detection skills......Page 160 Scaling/root planing......Page 161 Mechanical ultrasonic therapy......Page 167 Mechanical subgingival scaling procedure......Page 168 Combined therapy using both hand and mechanical methods......Page 169 References......Page 170 12. Local antibiotic usage......Page 173 References......Page 176 Goals of home plaque control......Page 178 Materials and methods for tooth brushing......Page 179 Brushing technique......Page 180 Antiseptic rinses......Page 182 Tartar control diets......Page 183 Tartar control treats......Page 184 Conclusions......Page 185 References......Page 186 Appropriate antibiotic selection......Page 189 Indications for antibiotic therapy in periodontal disease......Page 190 Notes......Page 191 References......Page 192 Gingival curettage......Page 194 Gingivectomy......Page 196 Gingivectomy equipment options......Page 198 Procedure for standard gingivectomy......Page 200 Periodontal flap method......Page 203 Conclusions......Page 204 References......Page 205 Section 4: Periodontal surgical techniques......Page 193 Indications......Page 207 Results of pocket therapy......Page 208 Equipment needs......Page 209 Surgical preparation......Page 211 The sulcal incision creation of an envelope flap......Page 212 Full flap......Page 214 Partial thickness split flaps......Page 216 Modified widman flap......Page 217 Technique......Page 219 Undisplaced flap......Page 220 Technique......Page 221 Technique......Page 223 Coronally displaced flaps......Page 225 Technique......Page 226 Palatine flaps......Page 228 Flaps to increase/replace attached gingiva......Page 229 Technique......Page 230 Free connective tissue autograft......Page 233 Lateral sliding pedicle flap......Page 234 Frenectomy and frenotomy......Page 235 Suture patterns for periodontal surgery......Page 237 Interdental ligation......Page 241 Sling ligation patterns......Page 242 Postoperative care......Page 245 References......Page 247 Bone treatment osteoplasty......Page 250 Root conditioning biomodification of the root surface......Page 251 References......Page 253 Patterns of bone loss......Page 255 Preoperative diagnostics......Page 258 Treatment planning and case selection......Page 259 Prognosis for therapy......Page 261 Technique......Page 263 Specific situations for osseous remodelling......Page 265 first generation membranes non-resorbable......Page 266 Bone grafting materials......Page 267 Allografts......Page 268 Response to treatment......Page 269 Graft additives......Page 270 Techniques for GTR......Page 271 Determination of new attachment......Page 275 Periodontal splinting......Page 276 Figure-8 wiring technique......Page 280 Lingual wire technique......Page 282 References......Page 283 Local anatomic factors......Page 290 Periodontal flap surgery +/- guided tissue regeneration GTR......Page 291 Tooth resection with partial extraction......Page 293 References......Page 296 NSAIDS......Page 298 Inflammatory mediators......Page 299 Conclusion......Page 300 References......Page 301 Section 5: Related topics......Page 297 Hypothermia......Page 304 Pain considerations......Page 305 Regional nerve blocks......Page 306 Rostral maxillary regional block infraorbital Figures 21.1 and 21.2......Page 307 Rostral mandibular regional mental block Figures 21.5 and 21.6......Page 308 Postoperative care......Page 309 References......Page 310 Dental explorers Figure 22.2......Page 313 Hoe scalers Figure 22.5......Page 315 Universal curettes Figure 22.7......Page 317 Area-specific curettes Figure 22.8......Page 318 Mini-bladed curettes Figure 22.10......Page 319 Quetin furcation curettes......Page 320 References......Page 321 Section 6: Periodontal instrumentation......Page 312 Ultrasonic scalers......Page 322 Supragingival tips......Page 324 Conclusions......Page 325 References......Page 326 Hand-pieces......Page 328 Cutting burs Figure 24.4......Page 329 Prophy cups Figure 24.7......Page 330 References......Page 331 Appendix 1......Page 332 Appendix 3......Page 343 Appendix 4......Page 344 Appendix 5......Page 346 Index......Page 347 __Veterinary Periodontology__ is a comprehensive yet user-friendly reference on periodontal disease in dogs and cats, encompassing etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical features. Emphasizing clinical management of this common dental disease, this book covers basic as well as advanced treatments, offering practical instruction on therapeutic procedures. __Veterinary Periodontology__ builds on existing human-based knowledge to provide veterinary-specific information on the periodontal disease process, therapies, patient management, and instrumentation. The book presents detailed information in an accessible format, including numerous step-by-step procedures for use in the clinic. Full-color images aid in comprehension. __Veterinary Periodontology__ is beneficial for anyone who practices veterinary dentistry, including specialists, general practitioners, students, and technicians. Content: Chapter 1 The structure and Function of the Periodontium (pages 1–17): Kevin Stepaniuk and James E. HinrichsChapter 2 Etiology and Pathogenesis of Periodontal Disease (pages 18–34): Brook A. NiemiecChapter 3 Bacteriology of Periodontal Disease (pages 35–37): Colin E. HarveyChapter 4 Gingivitis (pages 39–50): Brook A. NiemiecChapter 5 Periodontitis (pages 51–68): Brook A. NiemiecChapter 6 Local and regional consequences of periodontal disease (pages 69–80): Brook A. NiemiecChapter 7 Systemic Manifestations of Periodontal Disease (pages 81–90): Kevin Stepaniuk and James E. HinrichsChapter 8 Unusual forms of periodontal disease (pages 91–104): Brook A. NiemiecChapter 9 Dental Radiology for Periodontal Disease (pages 105–128): Jerzy GaworChapter 10 The Complete Dental Cleaning (pages 129–153): Brook A. NiemiecChapter 11 Advanced Non?Surgical Therapy (pages 154–169): Brook A. NiemiecChapter 12 Local Antibiotic Usage (pages 170–174): Brook A. NiemiecChapter 13 Home Plaque Control (pages 175–185): Brook A. NiemiecChapter 14 Antibiotics in Periodontal Disease (pages 186–189): R. Michael PeakChapter 15 Gingival Surgery (pages 191–205): Brook A. NiemiecChapter 16 Periodontal Flap Surgery (pages 206–248): Brook A. NiemiecChapter 17 Treatment of the Exposed Root Surface (pages 249–253): Brook A. NiemiecChapter 18 Osseous Surgery and Guided Tissue Regeneration (pages 254–288): Brook A. Niemiec and Robert FurmanChapter 19 Furcation Involvement and Treatment (pages 289–295): Paul TheunsChapter 20 Host Modulation Therapies (pages 297–304): Brook A. NiemiecChapter 21 Patient Management for Periodontal Therapy (pages 305–312): Brett BeckmanChapter 22 Periodontal Hand Instruments (pages 313–323): Brook A. NiemiecChapter 23 Mechanical Scalers (pages 324–329): Brook A. NiemiecChapter 24 Other Power Equipment Used in Periodontology (pages 330–333): Brook A. Niemiec The structure and function of the periodontium / Kevin Stepaniuk and James E. Hinrichs -- Pathogenesis and eitiology of periodontal disease : plaque, inflammation and inflammatory cascade, mechanism of bone loss -- Bacteriology of periodontal disease / Colin Harvey -- Gingivitis : clinical features, diagnosis, treatment options -- Periodontitis : clinical features, progression, diagnosis, treatment options -- Local and regional consequences of periodontal disease : oronasal fistulas, osteomyelitis, oral cancer, pathologic fractures, class ii perio-endo lesions, ocular problems, blindness -- Systemic manifestations of periodontal disease : hepatic, renal, cardiac, pulmonary, osteoporosis, cerebral infarction, diabetes mellitus, adverse pregnancy effects, chronic systemic disease, early mortality -- Unusual forms of periodontal disease : eruptive gingivitis, caudal stomatitis, juvenile hyperplastic periodontitis -- Dental radiology for periodontal disease / Jerzy Gawor -- The complete dental cleaning : supra and subgingival scaling, polishing, sulcal lavage, oral evaluation and probing -- Advanced non-surgical therapy : root planing and subgingival curettage -- Local antibiotic usage : perioceutic administration (doxirobe) -- Home plaque control : active (brushing and rinses) and passive (chews and treats) options -- Antibiotics in periodontal disease / R. Michael Peak -- Gingival surgery : gingival curettage, gingivectomy, gingivoplasty -- Periodontal flap surgery : reverse bevel incision, envelope flap, full flap, lateral sliding flaps -- Treatment of the exposed root surface : osseous surgery, open root planing (ultrasonic and hand), root conditioning -- Osseous surgery and guided tissue regeneration / Brook Niemiec and Robert Furman -- Furcation involvement and treatment / Paul Thuens -- Host modulation therapies : antiinflamatories and neutraceuticals -- Patient management for periodontal therapy / Brett Beckman -- Periodontal hand instruments : curettes, scalers, periodontal probes, periodontal mirrors -- Mechanical scalers : ultrasonic scalers (magnetostrictive, piezoelectric), sonic scalers -- Other power equipment used in periodontology polishing, air abrasion dentistry