گیاهان عروقی و پالئوبوتانی (پیشرفت‌های پژوهشی در گیاه‌شناسی)

This title includes a number of Open Access chapters. This book provides an important collection of new research that sheds light on many aspects of the evolutionary patterns of gymnosperms, angiosperms, and pteridophtes. The book includes a complete chloroplast genome sequence study and describes a method that induces the systemic silencing of target genes in the Ceratopteris gametophyte. It presents a study of how herbicide treatments reduce fern densities and create the establishment of regeneration. It also analyzes an EST dataset from G. biloba that reveals genes potentially unique to gymnosperms and includes a study of episodic rate acceleration in the ancestral grasses. Content: Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence of a Tree Fern Alsophila Spinulosa: Insights into Evolutionary Changes in Fern Chloroplast Genomes. A Systemic Gene Silencing Method Suitable for High Throughput, Reverse Genetic Analyses of Gene Function in Fern Gametophytes. Distribution and Dynamics of Hayscented Fern Following Stand Harvest. EST Analysis in Ginkgo biloba: An Assessment of Conserved Developmental Regulators and Gymnosperm Specific Genes. Episodic Evolution and Adaptation of Chloroplast Genomes in Ancestral Grasses. DNA Barcoding in the Cycadales: Testing the Potential of Proposed Barcoding Markers for Species Identification of Cycads. Expressed Sequence Tag Analysis in Cycas, the Most Primitive Living Seed Plant . Targeted Isolation, Sequence Assembly and Characterization of Two White Spruce (Picea glauca) BAC Clones for Terpenoid Synthase and Cytochrome P450 Genes Involved in Conifer Defence Reveal Insights into a Conifer Genome. Paleobotany of Livingston Island: The First Report of a Cretaceous Fossil Flora from Hannah Point. Ovule-Bearing Reproductive Organs of the Glossopterid Seed Ferns from the Late Permian of the Beardmore Glacier Region, Antarctica . Predicting Pleistocene Climate from Vegetation in North America. The History of Native Plant Communities in the South. Modeling Landscapes and Past Vegetation Patterns of New MexicoA's Rio Del Oso Valley. East Asian Monsoon and Paleoclimatic Data Analysis: A Vegetation Point of View. Frequent Fires in Ancient Shrub Tundra: Implications of Paleorecords for Arctic Environmental Change. Pollen Development in Annona Cherimola Mill. (Annonaceae). Implications for the Evolution of Aggregated Pollen. Evolutionary Divergence Times in the Annonaceae: Evidence of a Late Miocene Origin of Pseuduvaria in Sundaland with Subsequent Diversification in New Guinea. Oldest Record of Trimeniaceae from the Early Cretaceous of Northern Japan. Unveiling Cryptic Species Diversity of Flowering Plants: Successful Biological Species Identification of Asian Mitella Using Nuclear Ribosomal DNA Sequences. Index. Front Cover 1 Preface 6 List of Contributors 8 List of Abbreviations 14 Contents 18 1. Paleobotany of Livingston Island 20 2. Targeted Isolation Sequence Assembly and Characterization of White Spruce 24 3. Expressed Sequence Tag Analysis in Cycas 40 4. Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence of a Tree Fern Alsophila Spinulosa 55 5. Reverse Genetic Analyses of Gene Function in Fern Gametophytes 73 6. Distribution and Dynamics of Hayscented Fern 86 7. Glossopterid Seed Ferns from the Late Permian, Antarctica 93 8. Unveiling Cryptic Species Diversity of Flowering Plants 101 9. Pollen Development in Annona Cherimola Mill. (Annonaceae) 121 10. DNA Barcoding in the Cycadales 136 11. Chloroplast Genomes in Ancestral Grasses 150 12. EST Analysis in Ginkgo biloba 163 13. Frequent Fires in Ancient Shrub Tundra 177 14. History of Native Plant Communities in the South 188 15. Predicting Pleistocene Climate from Vegetation in North America 212 16. Past Vegetation Patterns of New Mexico’s Rio Del Oso Valley 224 17. East Asian Monsoon and Paleoclimatic Data Analysis 239 18. Evolutionary Divergence Times in the Annonaceae 250 19. Early Cretaceous of Northern Japan 275 Permissions 283 References 285 This book presents an important collection of new research that sheds new light on many aspects of the evolutionary patterns of gymnosperms, angiosperms, and pteridophtes. The book includes a new complete chloroplast genome sequence study, a method that induces the systemic silencing of target genes in the Ceratopteris gametophyte, a study of how herbicide treatments reduce fern densities and create the establishment of regeneration, an analysis of an EST dataset from G. biloba that reveals genes potentially unique to gymnosperms, a study of episodic rate acceleration in the ancestral grasses accompanied by adaptive molecular evolution, a comparison of DNA barcoding techniques, a new analysis of cycad ESTs that has uncovered conserved and potentially novel genes, a new look at the climate and vegetation in eastern North America during the Pleistocene and other regions, and much more. A collection of research that sheds new light on many aspects of the evolutionary patterns of gymnosperms, angiosperms, and pteridophtes. It also includes a complete chloroplast genome sequence study, a method that induces the systemic silencing of target genes in the Ceratopteris gametophyte.