Usability and Internationalization. Global and Local User Interfaces : Second International Conference on Usability and Internationalization, UI-HCII 2007, Held As Part of HCI International 2007, Beijing, China, July 22-27, 2007, Proceedings, Part II

The 12th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCI Inter- tional 2007, was held in Beijing, P.R. China, 22-27 July 2007, jointly with the Symposium on Human Interface (Japan) 2007, the 7th International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics, the 4th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction, the 2nd International Conf- ence on Virtual Reality, the 2nd International Conference on Usability and Inter- tionalization, the 2nd International Conference on Online Communities and Social Computing, the 3rd International Conference on Augmented Cognition, and the 1st International Conference on Digital Human Modeling. A total of 3403 individuals from academia, research institutes, industry and g- ernmental agencies from 76 countries submitted contributions, and 1681 papers, judged to be of high scientific quality, were included in the program. These papers address the latest research and development efforts and highlightthe human aspects of design and use of computing systems. The papers accepted for presentation th- oughly cover the entire field of Human-Computer Interaction, addressing major advances in knowledge and effective use of computers in a variety of application areas. This volume, edited by Nuray Aykin, contains papers in the thematic area of - ability and Internationalization, addressing the following major topics: • Designing Global and Local Products and Services • Enhancing and Personalizing the User Experience Title Page Foreword Organization Table of Contents Part I Designing Global and Local Products and Services Localization Issues: A Glimpse at the Korean User (From the Western Perspective) Introduction Step 1: Aspects of the Korean Culture’s Lifestyle Hit Product 2002: Colour Screen Mobile Phones [22] Hit Product 2003: Digital Photos [23] Hit Product 2004: www.cyworld.com [24] Hit Product 2005: The Cheonggyecheon (청계천) Stream [25] 2006: Apartments in Pangyo [26] Korean Design Preferences Step 2: Cultural Context Data Demographic Data Cultural Context Data Step 3: Cultural Dimensions Power Distance (PDI) Individualism vs. Collectivism (IDV) Masculinity vs. Femininity (MAS) Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI) Long-Term Orientation (LTO) Conclusion References Increasing the Usability of Text Entry in Mobile Devices for European Languages and Languages Used in Europe Introduction Scope of ETSI ES 202 130 in Its Presently Published Form User Requirements Methodology Initial Survey Principles Applying to ES 202 130 Characters Needed Character Ordering Keypad Input Sequences Digits and Special Characters Update/Extension of ES 202 130 Summary References User Centered Design Approach Applying CPV in Mobile Service Design Introduction Literature Survey Applying CPV in Mobile Service Design Concept Generation Concept Evaluation Implementation Conclusion References Design Guidelines to the Application of Extreme Design with Korean Anthropometry Introduction Methods Subjects Selection of Body Dimensions Analysis Results Patterns of Percentile Curves of Body Dimensions Test of the Normality Assumptions The Steepest Slopes of the Percentile Curves as Design Limits Discussion and Conclusion References Developing Character Input Methods for Driver Information Systems Introduction Framework for Developing Character Input Methods Conceptual Design Phase Detail Design Phase Case Study: Input Method for Knob Control and Korean Characters Conclusion References Linguistic Analysis of Websites: A New Method of Analysing Language, the Poor Cousin of Usability Introduction Theory Syntax: Text Is an Image Semantic: Meaning and Understanding Pragmatic: Meaning Is Use Narrative Method Expert Analysis User Study Results Results of Expert Analysis Results of User Testing Recommendations Case Study in China Results of Expert Analysis in China Selected Results of User Testing China Recommendations China Conclusion References Human Communication Based on Icons in Crisis Environments Introduction Related Work System Overview Icon-Based Interface Serious Game Environment Fitaly-Based Icon Menu Evaluation Discussion and Conclusion References ICT for Low-Literate Youth in Ethiopia: The Usability Challenge Introduction Interaction Design and Literacy Context Methodological Challenges Sampling Answering Behavior Visual Representations Translation Research Setting Preliminary Results Usability Challenges Ahead Conclusion References Design for Facilitating eBay Transactions Using Skype Introduction The Design Overall Design Preventing Frauds Integrating eBay and Skype: Challenge from a Branding Perspective Preventing Possible Loss of Business Designing for the International eBay Community Discussion References Localization in Korea of User Interface of the 3G Mobile Handset Built on Open OS Background Mobile Telecommunication Industry Smartphone Industry User Interface Purposes and Process Finding Out Facts Below Making Strategic Decision Making Documents of Requirement Process Factors Key Layout and Function Information Architecture Application Output Consideration Mandatory Requirement Output List Usability of Multilingual Communication Tools Introduction Multilingual Communication Tools in the Language GridProject The Language Grid [6] Multilingual Communication Tools Usability Evaluation Process Multilingual Communication Usability Evaluation Process Usability Evaluation Issues Lessons Learned The Usability Evaluator’s Problem Selection of General and Community Dictionaries Conclusion References The Universal Design Model of Set Top Box Introduction Objective Human Factor’s Model The Principles of Universal Design Discussion References “A Quick Dip at the Iceberg's Tip” - Rapid Immersion Approaches to Understanding Emerging Markets Introduction Remote Research Issues to Consider Before Conducting Contextual Research ‘Quasi-Ethnographers’: Addressing the Issues Day in the Life Studies Using POEMS Frameworks Speed and Efficacy Derived from Using Structured Frameworks Rapid Immersion Creating Shared Value Through Design Research ‘Seeing Is Believing’ A Quick Dip Conclusion References Adobe Approaches to Culturalization: Two Case Studies Introduction Case Study One: Professional (Creative Suite) Design Solutions for Gaiji Japanese Pro Users Research Methodologies for the Gaiji Tool Case Study Two: Consumer (Elements) Design Solutions for Elements Creation Japanese Consumer Users Research Methodologies for Elements Content and Creation Tools Conclusion User-Centered Design: Component-Based Web Technology Introduction Background UI Technology User-Centered Design Process and UI Technology Tool Selection User-Centered Design Infrastructure Project Advantages and Disadvantages of JSF Prototyping Preparing for Change Future Direction Color Your Website: Use of Colors on the Web Introduction Cultural Web User Interface Study Color on the Web Web Color Usage Pilot Study Identification of Colors Specified in HTML and CSS Code Finding Predominantly Used Colors Based on Webpage Snapshots Study Results International Color Palette Country-Specific Color Palettes An Example: Color Combinations for Japan Conclusion References Cultural Environment for Social Learning and Adaptation in Different Countries - A Comparison of Minority Foreigners and Majority Foreigners Introduction Research and Its Results Discussion For the Majority (Japanese Brazilian) For Minorities (Bangladeshi, for Example) References Transborder Data Protection and the Effects on Business and Government Introduction International Data Protection Initiatives Australia Data Transfers Out of Australia Data Transfers into Australia International Pressure for Data Protection Regulation Conclusion References Designing Globally Accepted Human Interfaces for Instant Messaging Introduction Globally Accepted IM Technology Method Part 1: Frequent IM Function Investigation Part 2: Icon Perception Results Frequent IM Functions Icon Perception Differences Discussion and Conclusions References User Validation of Cultural Dimensions of a Website Design Introduction Research Approach and Research Questions Evaluation Study Method Results and Conclusions Conclusion References Usability Challenges in Designing Foreign Language Keypads for Handheld Devices Introduction Arabic Language and Culture: Background Research Usability Evaluation: Methodology First Iteration: Methodology Second Iteration: Methodology Third Iteration: Methodology Usability Evaluation: Results First Iteration: Results Second Iteration: Results Third Iteration: Results Conclusion and Future Work References Comparing User and Software Information Structures for Compatibility Introduction Visualizing and Comparing User and Software Information Structures Desired Functions Available Visualization Tools What Could We Measure? References Regulating India’s Digital Public Cultures: A Grey or Differently Regulated Area Introduction Foregrounding Debates Can Hutch Be Sued for a Bomb Scare Issued Through a Mobile Phone? The Small Business of Internet Cafes Voices from the Café The State and the Café Concluding Remarks References $Entrepreneurial Digital Photography$ - A Case Study for Design Research Method in the Emerging Indian Market Introduction Background Methodology Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Iterative Design Process Tools and Techniques Discussion and Results Conclusion References Culturally Adaptive Software: Moving Beyond Internationalization Introduction Culture and Usability User Modeling Acquisition of User Models Adapting the User Interface Recent Developments Heading Towards Culturally Adaptive User Interfaces Conclusions and Future Research References Local Websites as the New Existence of Traditional Local Cultures in the Virtual Space: An Overview on the Local Websites of Turkey Introduction Theoretical Background Research Methodology Results Conclusion References Word Processing in Spanish Using an English Keyboard: A Study of Spelling Errors Introduction Methodology Results Discussion Conclusion References Introducing New Methodologies for Identifying Design Patterns for Internationalization and Localization Introduction Background Methods Findings Conclusions References The Globalization of User Research: Emerging Trends and Complexities Role of Global User Research Developing Strategies for Multi-country Testing Elements of a Successful User Research Project Conclusion Chinese Web Browser Design Utilising Cultural Icons Introduction Iconisation Trends Advantages of Visual Representations Disadvantages of Visual Representations The Development of Web Browsers The Maxthon Web Browser What Makes a Good Web Browser Icon? Method Participants Tasks Experiment Rationale and Hypotheses Results and Discussion Conclusions References Evaluation and Usability of Back Translation for Intercultural Communication Introduction Accuracy of Back Translation Method of Evaluation Results Usability Real-Time Back Translation Highlighting Translation Unsuitable Parts Multilingual Environment Conclusion References Contextual User Research for International Software Design Introduction A Case Example Challenges and Solutions Defining the Focus Defining Who and What to Study Balancing Depth with Breadth Dealing with Pressures to Overload the Study Using a Multicultural Team Language Issues in Cross Cultural Usability Testing: A Pilot Study in China Introduction Method Materials Procedure Participants Results Discussion and Conclusion References Extending the User Experience to Localized Products Introduction Method Localization Process User Interface Design and Documentation Processes Issues Found During Localization Issues Related to User Interface Design Issues Related to Documentation Issues Related to Development Process Improvement Recommendations Improvement for Processes Guidelines and Best Practices Conclusions References Part II Enhancing and Personalizing the User Experience The Technologist and Internet Security and Privacy Practices Introduction How the Internet Got Its Security and Privacy Characteristics The Internet and Technology Tradition A Technologist Culture Conclusion References A Statistical Model of Relationship Between Affective Responses and Product Design Attributes for Capturing User Needs Introduction Method Crash Pad Related Affective Response Variables of Satisfaction for Car Crash Pad Evaluation Experiment on Satisfaction Analysis and Modeling Method Results The Results of Quantification Theory Type I Analysis Identifying Relationships Between Softness and Engineering Variables of Car Crash Pad Conclusion References Guidelines to Develop Emotional Awareness Devices from a Cultural-Perspective: A Latin American Example Introduction Emotional Awareness Devices Cultural-Based Guidelines for Emotional Awareness Devices Development Our Proposal The Emoti-Picture Frame: A Latinoamerican Example Brief Description of the “Emoti-Picture Frame” Applying the Proposed Model to Develop the “Emoti-Picture Frame” Conclusions and Further Work References User Interaction with User-Adaptive Information Filters Introduction Problem Statement Case Studies Spam Filter Study Transparency, Trust and Acceptance of a User-Adaptive Recommender System Discussion and Conclusion References A System for Adaptive Multimodal Interaction in Crisis Environments Introduction Related Work The Architecture of the Adaptive Multimodal System The User Interface The Informational Disambiguation Model Results Conclusion References Integrating Emotions and Knowledge in Aesthetics Designs Using Cultural Profiles Introduction Cognitive Approach Cognitive Linguistics Emotional Approach from Cognitive Linguistics Mathematical Properties Point, Lines and Shapes in 2D Knowledge and Emotion Through Language Emotions, Knowledge and Language Shapes and Emotions Metaphor: Relating Emotions Emotional Design Including Knowledge Management Emotions and Graphic Design Knowledge Management Implementation Conclusions and Future Work References “Only Famous Companies I Would Ever Buy”: Understanding How People Learn to Trust Web Sites Introduction The Malaysian Focus Groups Initial Attitudes to e-Commerce Attributes of Trustworthy Sites The Stanford Web Credibility Survey and Fogg’s Typology of Computer Credibility Moderating Effects and the Role of Cultural Values The Importance of Infrastructure Conclusion References A User Experience Study on C2C E-Commerce Localization in China Introduction Related Work E-Commerce Website User Experience Research E-Commerce Website Localization Research Hypotheses Background Shopping Process Analysis Hypotheses Experiment Process Method Data Analysis Result Transfer and Expression of Function/Concept Flow Control and Experience Conflict Satisfaction Questionnaire Analysis Conclusions References Towards Cultural Adaptability in Driver Information and -Assistance Systems Cultural Differences in User Interfaces Adaptive Driver Information and -Assistance Systems Cultural Adaptive Driver Information and -Assistance Systems The First Step to Cultural Adaptability: Determining Cultural Differences in HCI Discussion: Problems, Benefit and Implications of Cultura Adaptability Conclusion Outlook References Sound Detection as an Aid to Increase Detectability of CCTV in Surveillance System A Need for Development of an Automated Surveillance System Evolution of Automated Surveillance System Limitations of a Video Surveillance System Proposal of a Surveillance System Supported by Auditory Sensors Characteristics of Sound Information Sound Localization The Architecture of Sound Surveillance System Test of Sound Surveillance System Measuring Accuracy of Sound Detection Case Study Conclusion References Approaches to Create a Universal User Experience in Handheld Electronic Product Introduction Significance of Study Problems Methods and Activities The Makeup of Study Staff and the Organization Deciding the Direction of Study and the Scope of Outcome Fundamental Studies Focusing on Major Products User Interface Design Stage 1: Defining the Basic Elements of Design User Interface Design Stage 2: Defining Outcome Details Direction of Graphical and Physical Design Initial User Study Initial Redesign Secondary User Study (International Usability Testing) Secondary Redesign and Final Outcome Finalization and Maintenance Conclusion and Future Work References Statistical Modeling of Affective Responses from Visual and Auditory Attributes in the Movies Introduction Model Selection of Affective Responses Measurement of Visual and Auditory Attributes in the Movie Modeling Procedure Results Findings About Affective Responses of Movies Results of Statistical Model Discussion References User-Specific Service Generation: A Morphological Approach to Customized Blog Creation Introduction Literature Review Definition of Blogs User Intentions of Blogging Functional Characteristics of Blogs Method of New Service Development Research Hypothesis Methodology Morphology Analysis Variables and Measurement Data and Methodologies Results and Discussions Results of Reliabilities Test and Factor Analysis Hypothesis Testing Application of a New Concept Development: Morphology-Based Case Study Conclusions References Computer Task-Based Evaluation Technique for Measuring Everyday Risk-Taking Behavior Introduction Changes in Strategy in Steering Task Model of Risk-Taking Behavior in This Study Methods Results and Discussion Detection of Risk-Taking Tendency Relationship Between Index of Difficulty Obtained by the Task and Probabilities for Risk-Taking Behaviors Conclusion References Validating a Multilingual and Multimodal Affective Database Introduction Related Work Models of Emotions Affective Databases RekEmozio Database Database Description RekEmozio Database Validation Method Results Discussion Conclusions and Future Work References Tools to Increase the Strategic Value of User Experience Design Introduction Risks and Benefits of Common Tooling Implementation Risks Risks of Not Implementing Getting the Executive Buy-In Processes and Tooling Processes Information Architecture Design UI Prototyping Tools UI Development Tools Summary References Incorporation of User Preferences into Mobile Web Service Conversations Introduction Preferences on a WS-CDL Specification Preferences on a WS-CDL Specification Example Conclusion References Dealing with Computer Literacy and Age Differences in the Design of a Ubicomp System to Cope with Cognitive Decline in Lonely Elders Problem Context Understanding the Context of Lonely Elderly People in Their Homes Coping with the Diversity of the Elders’ Family Network Members System Design Desirable Features of the System Scenario of Use System Architecture Application Scenario Conclusions and Future Work References Sharing Stories: Learning with Stories Introduction The Kaavad Tradition The Situation Today Kaavad Inspired Work e-Kaavad Elementary Education and Digital Technology Research Research Findings Use of Storytelling in Elementary Education A Model for the e-Kaavad The Developing and Testing of the e-Kaavad The First Prototype The Second Prototype The e-Kaavad for Rural Crafts Persons Conclusion References The Digital Packaging of Electronic Money Introduction: Money as a Gift Wrapping Gift Money The Ang-Pow Remittances: Sending Money Home Sending Money Home Via the Mobile Phone Designing for the Digital Wrapping of Gifts and Remittances A Digital Ang-Pow Conclusion References Security Design Based on Social and Cultural Practice: Sharing of Passwords Introduction The Study Sample Sharing Passwords Public Access to the Internet Internet Banking and E-Commerce at Indian Cybercafés Shared Use of Mobile Phones in Developing Countries Cross-Cultural Attitudes to Privacy Conclusion: Social and Cultural Centered Design References Mobile Personalization at Large Sports Events User Experience and Mobile Device Personalization Introduction Research Problem Field Study Methods Field Study Analysis Results Usage Pattern of Mobile Personalization Conclusion References How Should You Frame Questions to Measure User Attitudes Accurately? An Experimental Design Study Introduction Literature Review Method Participants Procedure Results Questionnaire Type Email Type Discussion Conclusion References Measuring the Emotional Drivers of Visual Preference in China Background Laddering Methodology Narrow Down Objectives Laddering Interview Card Sorting Application References Developing Adaptive Mobile Support for Crisis Response in Synthetic Task Environments Introduction Related Work Experimental Platform Experiment Method Results and Discussion Current Work Discussion and Conclusions References Structural User Preferences of Interfaces and Time Orientation Introduction User Interface Development Personalisation of User Interfaces The Time Orientation Concept Test Methods Psychological Scales System Tests Interviews Results Conclusion References Overcoming the Language Barrier: The Potential of the Visual Language LoCoS in International Human-Computer Communication Introduction LoCoS Concept and Development Morphology and Syntax Experiment Hypotheses My LoCoS Community – Test Application Method and Material Results Subjective Data Objective Data Discussion References A Remote Study on East-West Cultural Differences in Mobile User Experience Introduction Research Methods Data Analysis Differences in Face Issues or the Ways of Thinking? Differences in Personal Mobile Networks Differences in Interaction Problem Solving and Learning Style Conclusion References Cultural and Social Aspects of Security and Privacy - The Critical Elements of Trusted Online Service Introduction Identified Gaps Between PKI Technology and Social and Culture Elements Challenges in Social and Cultural Αspects of PKI Implementation The Healthier the Organisational Culture, the Better the Reputation Taking Social and Culture Elements into PKI Implementation Development Approaches and W3TF Adoption Monitoring and Feedback Mechanism Summary References Dynamic Scripting in Crisis Environments Introduction Background and Related Work Dynamic Scripting The Crisis Situation Constructing Scenarios and Knowledge of the World System Overview User Interface Icon Selection Module Experiments Discussion and Conclusion References How to Quantify User Experience: Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Model Based on Summative Usability Testing Introduction Definitions of Usability Attempts to Evaluate Usability Comprehensively A Proposed Usability Comprehensive Evaluation Model General Description of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation How to Determine the Weight Vector by the AHP A Weighted Hierarchical Index Proposed for Evaluating Usability Determining the Fuzzy Member Function for Appraisal Matrix R Case Study Determining the Fuzzy Appraisal Matrix Getting the Appraisal Result Discussion and Conclusion References Author Index

this Is The Second Of A Two-volume Set That Constitutes The Refereed Proceedings Of The Second International Conference On Usability And Internationalization, Uihcii 2007, Held In Beijing, China In July 2007. The Papers Of This Second Volume Cover Global And Local User Interfaces And Are Organized In Topical Sections On Designing Global And Local Products And Services, As Well As Enhancing And Personalizing The User Experience.