URBAN OPERATIONS

Cover......Page 1 Table of Contents......Page 3 Preface......Page 9 Acknowledgements......Page 11 THE PROSPECT OF URBAN OPERATIONS......Page 13 AN URBAN PERSPECTIVE......Page 14 HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF URBAN AREAS IN WARFARE......Page 15 MODERN ARMY URBAN OPERATIONS......Page 19 A COMPLEX ENVIRONMENT......Page 25 URBAN TERRAIN......Page 26 URBAN SOCIETY......Page 37 URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE......Page 42 ASYMMETRICAL AND ADAPTIVE......Page 51 THREAT OBJECTIVES......Page 52 URBAN THREAT TACTICS......Page 55 NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF URBANIZATION......Page 61 WARFIGHTING FUNCTIONS......Page 69 KEY TACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 85 DETERMINING THE NECESSITY OF URBAN OPERATIONS......Page 89 INTEGRATION INTO LAND OPERATIONS......Page 94 INTEGRATION OF CONVENTIONAL AND SPECIAL OPERATIONS FORCES......Page 112 SYNCHRONIZATION OF ACTIVITIES WITH OTHER AGENCIES......Page 113 URBAN OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK......Page 115 FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN OPERATIONS......Page 124 OFFENSIVE CHARACTERISTICS APPLIED TO URBAN OPERATIONS......Page 129 URBAN OFFENSIVE OPERATIONS AND BATTLEFIELD ORGANIZATION......Page 133 FORMS AND TYPES OF URBAN OFFENSE......Page 136 URBAN OFFENSIVE CONSIDERATIONS......Page 140 DEFENSIVE CHARACTERISTICS APPLIED TO URBAN OPERATIONS......Page 159 URBAN DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS AND BATTLEFIELD ORGANIZATION......Page 161 TYPES OF URBAN DEFENSE......Page 162 URBAN DEFENSIVE CONSIDERATIONS......Page 167 PURPOSE OF URBAN STABILITY AND CIVIL SUPPORT OPERATIONS......Page 175 CHARACTERISTICS OF URBAN STABILITY AND CIVIL SUPPORT OPERATIONS......Page 176 URBAN STABILITY AND CIVIL SUPPORT OPERATIONS AND BATTLEFIELD ORGANIZATION......Page 177 CONSIDERATIONS FOR URBAN STABILITY AND CIVIL SUPPORT OPERATIONS......Page 179 URBAN SUSTAINMENT CHARACTERISTICS......Page 193 LOGISTICS PREPARATION OF THE THEATER......Page 196 SUSTAINMENT FUNCTIONS......Page 199 Appendix A: Siege of Beirut: An Illustration of the Fundamentals ofUrban Operations......Page 221 Appendix B: An Urban Focus to the Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield......Page 229 Appendix C: Operations in Somalia: Applying the Urban OperationalFramework to Stability Operations......Page 247 Appendix D: Joint and Multinational Urban Operations......Page 255 Source Notes......Page 267 Glossary......Page 273 References......Page 301 Index......Page 311 Authentication......Page 315 PIN......Page 316 Cover 1 Table of Contents 3 Preface 9 Acknowledgements 11 Chapter 1: The Urban Outlook 13 THE PROSPECT OF URBAN OPERATIONS 13 AN URBAN PERSPECTIVE 14 HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF URBAN AREAS IN WARFARE 15 MODERN ARMY URBAN OPERATIONS 19 Chapter 2: Understanding the Urban Environment 25 A COMPLEX ENVIRONMENT 25 URBAN TERRAIN 26 URBAN SOCIETY 37 URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE 42 Chapter 3: Understanding the Urban Threat 51 ASYMMETRICAL AND ADAPTIVE 51 WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION 52 THREAT OBJECTIVES 52 URBAN THREAT TACTICS 55 NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF URBANIZATION 61 Chapter 4: Understanding the Urban Environment’s Effects onWarfighting Functions and Tactics 69 WARFIGHTING FUNCTIONS 69 KEY TACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS 85 Chapter 5: Contemplating Urban Operations 89 DETERMINING THE NECESSITY OF URBAN OPERATIONS 89 INTEGRATION INTO LAND OPERATIONS 94 INTEGRATION OF CONVENTIONAL AND SPECIAL OPERATIONS FORCES 112 SYNCHRONIZATION OF ACTIVITIES WITH OTHER AGENCIES 113 Chapter 6: Foundations for Urban Operations 115 URBAN OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK 115 FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN OPERATIONS 124 Chapter 7: Urban Offensive Operations 129 PURPOSE OF URBAN OFFENSIVE OPERATIONS 129 OFFENSIVE CHARACTERISTICS APPLIED TO URBAN OPERATIONS 129 URBAN OFFENSIVE OPERATIONS AND BATTLEFIELD ORGANIZATION 133 FORMS AND TYPES OF URBAN OFFENSE 136 URBAN OFFENSIVE CONSIDERATIONS 140 Chapter 8: Urban Defensive Operations 159 PURPOSE OF URBAN DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS 159 DEFENSIVE CHARACTERISTICS APPLIED TO URBAN OPERATIONS 159 URBAN DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS AND BATTLEFIELD ORGANIZATION 161 TYPES OF URBAN DEFENSE 162 URBAN DEFENSIVE CONSIDERATIONS 167 Chapter 9: Urban Stability and Civil Support Operations 175 PURPOSE OF URBAN STABILITY AND CIVIL SUPPORT OPERATIONS 175 CHARACTERISTICS OF URBAN STABILITY AND CIVIL SUPPORT OPERATIONS 176 URBAN STABILITY AND CIVIL SUPPORT OPERATIONS AND BATTLEFIELD ORGANIZATION 177 CONSIDERATIONS FOR URBAN STABILITY AND CIVIL SUPPORT OPERATIONS 179 Chapter 10: Urban Sustainment 193 URBAN SUSTAINMENT CHARACTERISTICS 193 LOGISTICS PREPARATION OF THE THEATER 196 ACHIEVING FORCE AGILITY 199 SUSTAINMENT FUNCTIONS 199 Appendix A: Siege of Beirut: An Illustration of the Fundamentals ofUrban Operations 221 Appendix B: An Urban Focus to the Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield 229 Appendix C: Operations in Somalia: Applying the Urban OperationalFramework to Stability Operations 247 Appendix D: Joint and Multinational Urban Operations 255 Source Notes 267 Glossary 273 References 301 Index 311 Authentication 315 PIN 316