Universality in Islamic Thought: Rationalism, Science and Religious Belief (Library of Middle East History)

In tenth-century Baghdad, the Mu'tazila theologians believed good and evil could be distinguished through human reason, while in the Indian subcontinent in the sixteenth century, rationalism served to express both the connections and boundaries of Islam in a sphere of religious pluralism. Universality in Islamic Thought discusses specific applications of rationalism in Islamic thought - from the Mu'tazila of Iraq and the Hanafi school of Islamic Law to the Chishti mystics of Mughal India - to explore the boundaries, morality and utility of the universalist principle as conceived by Islamic scientists, scholars, theologians and mystics across half a millennium. Providing a long-overdue and groundbreaking study of rationalism in Islam, this is the first methodological examination of how rationalism served - or did not serve - as a bridge between Muslims and non-Muslims during one of the most vital periods of Islamic intellectual activity. Bringing together contributions from leading academics such as Wilferd Madelung and Carl W Ernst, this is essential reading for scholars and students of intellectual history and Islamic studies. -- provided by publisher. "In tenth-century Baghdad, the Mu'tazila theologians believed good and evil could be distinguished through human reason, while in the Indian subcontinent in the sixteenth century, rationalism served to express both the connections and boundaries of Islam in a sphere of religious pluralism. Universality in Islamic Thought discusses specific applications of rationalism in Islamic thought - from the Mu'tazila of Iraq and the Hanafi school of Islamic Law to the Chishti mystics of Mughal India - to explore the boundaries, morality and utility of the universalist principle as conceived by Islamic scientists, scholars, theologians and mystics across half a millennium. Providing a long-overdue and groundbreaking study of rationalism in Islam, this is the first methodological examination of how rationalism served - or did not serve - as a bridge between Muslims and non-Muslims during one of the most vital periods of Islamic intellectual activity. Bringing together contributions from leading academics such as Wilferd Madelung and Carl W Ernst, this is essential reading for scholars and students of intellectual history and Islamic studies."--Bloomsbury Publishing Notes on the Contributors -- Acknowledgements -- Biography of Wilferd Madelung -- List of Publications since 2001 -- Chapter 1. Introduction / Michael G Morony -- Chapter 2. Universality in Mu'tazilī Thought / Wilferd Madelung -- Chapter 3. Capacity, Legal Personality and the Concept of Obligation in Transoxanian Ḥanafī Law / Baber Johansen -- Chapter 4. Humanism in Ismā'īlī Thought: The Case of the Rasā'il Ikhwān al-Sḥ Ṣafā' (The Epistles of the Sincere Brethren and Faithful Friends) / Ismail K Poonawala -- Chapter 5. Universality in Islamic Historiography / Michael G Morony -- Chapter 6. The Universality and Neutrality of Science / Emilie Savage-Smith -- Chapter 7. The Limits of Universalism in Islamic Thought: The Case of Indian Religions / Carl W Ernst -- Bibliography -- Index 1. Introduction -- Michael G. Morony -- 2. Universality in Mu'tazili Thought -- Wilferd Madelung -- 3. Capacity, Legal Personality and the Concept of Obligation in Transoxanian Hanafi Law -- Baber Johansen -- 4. Humanism in Isma'ili Thought: The Case of the Rasa'il Ikhwan al-Safa' (The Epistles of the Sincere Brethren and Faithful Friends) -- Ismail K. Poonawala -- 5. Universality in Islamic Historiography -- Michael G. Morony -- 6. The Universality and Neutrality of Science -- Emilie Savage-Smith -- 7. The Limits of Universalism in Islamic Thought: The Case of Indian Religions -- Carl W. Ernst.