درک هولیگانیسم فوتبال: مقایسه‌ای از شش باشگاه فوتبال غرب اروپا (مجموعه پایان‌نامه‌های AUP)

Football hooliganism periodically generates widespread political and public anxiety. In spite of the efforts made and resources invested over the past decades, football hooliganism is still perceived by politicians, policymakers and media as a disturbing social problem. This highly readable book provides the first systematic and empirically grounded comparison of football hooliganism in different national and local contexts. Focused around the six Western European football clubs on which the author did his research, the book shows how different clubs experience and understand football hooliganism in different ways. The development and effects of anti-hooligan policies are also assessed. The emphasis throughout is on the importance of context, social interaction and collective identity for understanding football hooliganism. This book will be essential reading for anyone interested in football culture, hooliganism and collective violence. Contents......Page 8 Acknowledgements......Page 12 Introduction......Page 16 Introduction......Page 24 What is football hooliganism?......Page 25 Sociological approaches and their limitations......Page 38 Fan cultures as glocal phenomena......Page 46 Aspects of hooligan violence......Page 49 Conclusion......Page 68 Four theoretical themes......Page 69 Landscapes of fear: the good, the bad and the ugly in football stigmas......Page 73 A methodological note......Page 81 Conclusion......Page 90 Introduction......Page 91 Origins and development of the ‘English disease’......Page 92 Football hooliganism in the Netherlands: patterns of continuity and change......Page 107 Ultras, hooligans and supporters: politics and violence in Spanish football......Page 120 Conclusion......Page 135 Introduction......Page 137 Football in the community: the local rootedness of West Ham fan culture......Page 138 ‘War on the terraces’: the emergence of football hooliganism......Page 144 ‘Birch these thugs’: responses to football hooliganism......Page 153 Terrace legends: nostalgia or revival?......Page 161 Conclusion......Page 172 Introduction......Page 175 ‘Feeling Fulhamish’: the sources of Fulham fan culture......Page 176 The emergence and development of football hooliganism at Fulham......Page 185 ‘Not for the likes of us’: football violence as cultural trauma......Page 191 Conclusion......Page 198 Introduction......Page 201 Sterker door strijd: football and working-class culture in South Rotterdam......Page 202 ‘Trouble on the terraces’: the emergence and development of football hooliganism......Page 207 Football hooliganism after ‘Beverwijk’: threat and response......Page 216 Conclusion......Page 230 Introduction......Page 233 The making of a ‘gentlemen’s’ club......Page 234 ‘Not for the likes of us’: the place of violence in Sparta fan culture......Page 239 Contesting traditions? The rise and development of the Sparta Youth Crew......Page 249 Conclusion......Page 260 Introduction......Page 263 Fan culture and the politics of Catalan football......Page 264 Siempre contra la peste culé: the rise of the ultras......Page 270 The crisis of football hooliganism: official and grassroots responses......Page 280 Conclusion......Page 291 Introduction......Page 293 Més que un club: the meaning and identity of FC Barcelona......Page 294 Passió blaugrana sense límits: the emergence of football hooliganism at FC Barcelona......Page 302 Fragmentation and crisis: the development of inter-group relations......Page 309 ‘Zero tolerance’: the transformation of FC Barcelona’s security regime......Page 318 Conclusion......Page 325 Introduction......Page 328 The emergence and diffusion of hooligan subcultures......Page 329 The extent and nature of football hooliganism: national and local contexts......Page 342 The social organization of football hooliganism......Page 353 Conclusion......Page 360 Introduction......Page 362 Tackling football hooliganism: the development of anti-hooligan policies......Page 363 Street-level negotiations: the importance of social interaction......Page 367 The changing geographical meaning of the stadium......Page 376 Conclusion......Page 380 Focal concerns of football hooliganism......Page 382 Habitus and the manifestation of football hooliganism in fan cultures......Page 401 The commodification of football hooliganism......Page 413 Conclusion......Page 420 Notes......Page 424 Bibliography......Page 437 Samenvatting (Dutch summary)......Page 485 Index......Page 494