Understanding Digital Image Processing

This book introduces the fundamental concepts of modern digital image processing. It aims to help the students, scientists, and practitioners to understand the concepts through clear explanations, illustrations and examples. The discussion of the general concepts is supplemented with examples from applications and ready-to-use implementations of concepts in MATLAB®. Program code of some important concepts in programming language'C'is provided. To explain the concepts, MATLAB® functions are used throughout the book. MATLAB® Version 9.3 (R2017b), Image Acquisition Toolbox Version 5.3 (R2017b), Image Processing Toolbox, Version 10.1 (R2017b) have been used to create the book material.Meant for students and practicing engineers, this book provides a clear, comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to Digital Image Processing in a pragmatic manner. Preface......Page 3 Contents......Page 5 Introduction......Page 6 History of Digital Image Processing......Page 9 Human Visual System......Page 10 Classification of Digital Images......Page 12 Digital Image File Types......Page 13 Components of Image Processing System......Page 14 Applications of Digital Image Processing......Page 15 Sampling & Quantization......Page 18 Color Models......Page 20 Adjacency......Page 26 Summary......Page 27 Distance Function......Page 28 Topological Properties......Page 29 Interpolation......Page 30 Statistics......Page 31 Transforms......Page 34 Wavelet Transform......Page 36 Walsh Transform (WT)......Page 38 Set Theory......Page 39 Point Processing......Page 41 Mask Processing......Page 46 Smoothing Filters......Page 48 Sharpening Filters......Page 50 Arithmetic Operations......Page 53 Logical Operations......Page 56 Geometric Operations......Page 57 Histogram & Histogram Processing......Page 58 Summary......Page 61 Introduction......Page 62 Low-Pass Filtering in Frequency Domain......Page 65 High-Pass Filtering......Page 73 High-Frequency Emphasis Filter......Page 78 Summary......Page 80 Image Noise Types......Page 81 Performance Evaluation of Denoising Techniques......Page 88 Summary......Page 89 Introduction......Page 90 Discontinuity-based Image Segmentation Techniques......Page 91 Thresholding-based Image Segmentation......Page 101 Region based Image Segmentation......Page 103 Watershed based Image Segmentation......Page 105 Summary......Page 107 Introduction......Page 108 Morphological Operations......Page 111 Summary......Page 122 Introduction......Page 123 Contour-based Shape Representation & Description......Page 124 Boundary Segments Description......Page 127 Object Recognition......Page 129 Summary......Page 131 History of Compression Technologies......Page 132 Image File Types......Page 133 Compression Quality Measures......Page 134 Image Redundancy......Page 136 Fundamental Building Blocks of Image Compression......Page 138 Image Compression Model......Page 149 Image Compression Standards......Page 150 Summary......Page 151 Text-based Image Retrieval System......Page 152 Content-based Image Retrieval Systems......Page 153 Feature Extraction......Page 155 Feature Selection......Page 158 Summary......Page 159 Introduction......Page 160 Image Forgery Detection Techniques......Page 161 Summary......Page 167 Matrices & Arrays Operations......Page 169 Operators & Elementary Operations......Page 171 Data Types......Page 172 Display & Exploration......Page 175 Geometric Transformation & Image Registration......Page 178 Image Filtering & Enhancement......Page 180 Image Segmentation & Analysis......Page 184 B.1 Forward and Inverse Discrete Fourier Transforms......Page 195 B.2 Zooming of an image to double of its size......Page 202 B.3 Shrink an Image to Half of Its Size......Page 204 B.4 Zooming and Shrinking of an Image......Page 206 B.5 Rotation of an Image......Page 214 B.6 Geometric Transformations......Page 217 B.7 Spatial Domain Enhancement Filters......Page 219 B.8 Histogram Calculation......Page 227 B.9 Image Segmentation......Page 229 B.10 Edge Detection Algorithms......Page 261 B.11 Skeleton......Page 283 B.12 Morphological Operations Erosion, Dilation, Outlining, Opening and Closing Operations......Page 326 Image Processing Terms......Page 338 Biblio......Page 353 Index......Page 364 Color Figures......Page 368 This book introduces the fundamental concepts of modern digital image processing. It helps the students, scientists, and practitioners to understand the concepts through clear explanations, illustrations and examples. The general concepts is supplemented with examples from applications and ready-to-use implementations of concepts in MATLAB (R) and C.