Understanding Chimpanzees -

Thanks to classic studies such as Jane Goodall's __The Chimpanzees of Gombe__, we know a great deal about our closest primate relative, but much remains to be discovered about these endlessly fascinating family members. Even their genus name, __Pan__, taken from the Greek god who represented the spirit of nature, aptly characterizes their elusiveness, for, like nature, chimpanzee behavior is a "giant jigsaw puzzle," as Goodall puts it. This book, a definitive summary of current knowledge about chimpanzees and bonobos, is a significant step toward solving the puzzle. Virtually every major chimpanzee specialist from around the world--Japan, the Netherlands, Great Britain, Africa, the United States--has contributed to this landmark volume. It contains important contributions by Japanese researchers who have been working in Africa for as many years as Goodall and whose work is not readily accessible in the West. __Understanding Chimpanzees__ examines a wide range of topics, including social behavior and ecology in the field, the rich variety of cultural traditions between one population and another in Africa and elsewhere, behavior in captivity, and the incredible cognitive abilities of chimpanzees in language acquisition laboratories. Of special interest is the strong coverage of bonobos (pygmy chimpanzees). The authors also concentrate on conveying a better appreciation of chimpanzee intelligence through the description of various ongoing investigations, particularly ones that examine signing interactions, vocabulary testing and modulation, and symbol acquisition. In addition to the Foreword, Jane Goodall contributes a review of her own work at Gombe, her proposal for a "ChimpanZoo" project, and an update on the status of conservation in Tanzania. The book contains a major section on chimpanzee conservation in captivity and in the wild, documenting the threat to chimpanzee habitat and survival. This work draws from a broad range of disciplines, including ethology, psychology, anatomy, biology, anthropology, conservation, and ecology and will attract readers pursuing ideas in all these fields. Over 100 photographs and drawings illustrate the text, which has been carefully assembled and edited by Paul G. Heltne, Director of the Chicago Academy of Sciences, and Linda A. Marquardt, the editor of Science Learning in the Informal Setting. CONTENTS FOREWORD PREFACE 1. CURRENT FIELDWORK: Pan troglodytes Gombe GOMBE: HIGHLIGHTS AND CURRENT RESEARCH CHIMPANZEE USE OF MEDICINAL LEAVES METHODS FOR ISOLATING CHIMPANZEE VOCAL COMMUNICATION THE RESEARCH AT GOMBE: ITS INFLUENCE ON HUMAN KNOWLEDGE Mahale Mountains RESEARCH AT MAHALE SOCIAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN RESIDENT AND IMMIGRANT FEMALE CHIMPANZEES SEXUAL BEHAVIOR OF IMMIGRANT AND RESIDENT FEMALE CHIMPANZEES AT MAHALE SEX DIFFERENCES IN THE BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHIMPANZEES AT MAHALE Additional Sites FEEDING ECOLOGY OF CHIMPANZEES IN THE KIBALE FOREST, UGANDA RECENT RESEARCH ON CHIMPANZEES IN WEST AFRICA POPULATION DYNAMICS OF CHIMPANZEES AT BOSSOU, GUINEA THE USE OF STONE TOOLS BY WILD-LIVING CHIMPANZEES CHIMPANZOO 2 CURRENT FIELDWORK: Pan paniscus INTRODUCTION: THE FOURTH APE BEHAVIORAL CONTRASTS BETWEEN BONOBO AND CHIMPANZEE THE SEXUAL BEHAVIOR OF PYGMY CHIMPANZEES DEVELOPMENTAL RETARDATION AND BEHAVIORAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PYGMY CHIMPANZEES SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF PYGMY CHIMPANZEES 3. THE CHIMPANZEE MIND ARE ANIMALS INTELLIGENT? WOLFGANG KÖHLER’S APPROACH CROSS-FOSTERED CHIMPANZEES: I. TESTING VOCABULARY CROSS-FOSTERED CHIMPANZEES: II. MODULATION OF MEANING SIGNING INTERACTIONS BETWEEN MOTHER AND INFANT CHIMPANZEES SPONTANEOUS PATTERN CONSTRUCTION IN A CHIMPANZEE SYMBOL ACQUISITION AND USE BY PAN TROGLODYTES, PAN PANISCUS, HOMO SAPIENS CURRENT AND FUTURE RESEARCH ON CHIMPANZEE INTELLECT 4. CHIMPANZEE CONSERVATION POPULATION STATUS OF WILD CHIMPANZEES (PAN TROGLODYTES) AND THREATS TO SURVIVAL DEMOGRAPHY OF CHIMPANZEES IN CAPTIVITY AREA STATUS REPORT: TANZANIA CONSERVATION STATUS OF PAN PANISCUS 5. EVOLUTION and EPILOGUE HOMINOID SOCIOBIOLOGY AND HOMINID SOCIAL EVOLUTION EPILOGUE: UNDERSTANDING CHIMPANZEES AND BONOBOS, UNDERSTANDING OURSELVES CONTRIBUTORS NAME INDEX SUBJECT INDEX Biographical note: HeltnePaul: Paul G. Heltne is President, Chicago Academy of Sciences. MarquardtLinda A.: Linda A. Marquadt, the editor of Science Learning in the Informal Setting