Understand

Front Cover Title Page Copyright Page To the Student To the Instructor Detailed Contents Part I: Force And Motion Overview: The Science of Physics 1 Physics for the Life Sciences 1.1 Why Physics? 1.2 Models And Modeling 1.3 Case Study: Modeling Diffusion 1.4 Proportional Reasoning: Scaling Laws In Biology 1.5 Where Do We Go From Here? Summary Questions and Problems 2 Describing Motion 2.1 Motion Diagrams 2.2 Position, Time, And Displacement 2.3 Velocity 2.4 Acceleration 2.5 Motion Along A Straight Line 2.6 Units And Significant Figures Summary Questions and Problems 3 Motion Along a Line 3.1 Uniform Motion 3.2 Instantaneous Velocity 3.3 Finding Position From Velocity 3.4 Constant Acceleration 3.5 Solving Kinematics Problems 3.6 Free Fall 3.7 Projectile Motion 3.8 Modeling A Changing Acceleration Summary Questions and Problems 4 Force and Motion 4.1 on And Forces: Newton’s First Law 4.2 Force 4.3 A Short Catalog Of Forces 4.4 What Do Forces Do? 4.5 Newton’s Second Law 4.6 Free-body Diagrams 4.7 Working With Vectors 4.8 Using Newton’s Laws Summary Questions and Problems 5 Interacting Systems 5.1 Systems And Interactions 5.2 Mass And Weight 5.3 Interactions With Surfaces 5.4 Drag 5.5 Springs And Elastic Forces 5.6 Newton’s Third Law 5.7 Newton’s Law Of Gravity Summary Questions and Problems 6 Equilibrium and Elasticity 6.1 Extended Objects 6.2 Torque 6.3 Gravitational Torque And The Center Of Gravity 6.4 Static Equilibrium 6.5 Stability And Balance 6.6 Forces And Torques In The Body 6.7 Elasticity And Deformation Summary Questions and Problems 7 Circular and Rotational Motion 7.1 Uniform Circular Motion 7.2 Dynamics Of Uniform Circular Motion 7.3 The Rotation Of A Rigid Body 7.4 Rotational Dynamics And Moment Of Inertia 7.5Rolling Motion Summary Questions and Problems 8 Momentum 8.1 Momentum And Impulse 8.2 Conservation Of Momentum 8.3 Collisions And Explosions 8.4 Angular Momentum Summary Questions and Problems 9 Fluids 9.1 Properties Of Fluids 9.2 Pressure 9.3 Buoyancy 9.4 Surface Tension And Capillary Action 9.5 Fluids In Motion 9.6 Ideal Fluid Dynamics 9.7 Viscous Fluid Dynamics 9.8 The Circulatory System Summary Questions and Problems Part I Summary Force and Motion One Step Beyond Dark Matter and the Structureof the Universe Part I Problems Part II: Energy And Thermodynamics Overview: Energy and Life 10 Work and Energy 10.1 Energy Overview 10.2 Work And Kinetic Energy 10.3 Work Done By A Force That Changes 10.4 Dissipative Forces And Thermal Energy 10.5 Power And Efficiency Summary Questions and Problems 11 Interactions and Potential Energy 11.1 Potential Energy 11.2 Conservation Of Energy 11.3 Elastic Potential Energy 11.4 Energy Diagrams 11.5 Molecular Bonds And Chemical Energy 11.6 Connecting Potential Energy To Force 11.7 The Expanded Energy Model 11.8 Energy In The Body Summary Questions and Problems 12 Thermodynamics 12.1 Heat And The First Law Of Thermodynamics 12.2 Thermal Expansion 12.3 Specific Heat And Heat Of Transformation 12.4 Calorimetry 12.5 Heat Transfer 12.6 The Ideal Gas: A Model System 12.7 Thermodynamics Of Ideal Gases 12.8 Enthalpy Summary Questions and Problems 13 Kinetic Theory 13.1 Connecting The Microscopic And The Macroscopic 13.2 Molecular Speeds And Collisions 13.3 The Kinetic Theory Of Gases 13.4 Thermal Energy And Specific Heat 13.5 Kbt And The Boltzmann Factor 13.6 Reaction Kinetics And Catalysis 13.7 Diffusion Summary Questions and Problems 14 Entropy and Free Energy 14.1 Reversible And Irreversible Processes 14.2 Microstates, Multiplicity, And Entropy 14.3 Using Entropy 14.4 Spontaneity And Gibbs Free Energy 14.5 Doing Useful Work 14.6 Using Gibbs Free Energy 14.7 Mixing And Osmosis Summary Questions and Problems Part II Summary Energy and Thermodynamics One Step Beyond Entropy and the Living World Part II Problems Part III: Oscillations and Waves Overview:Motion That Repeats 15 Oscillations 15.1 Simple Harmonic Motion 15.2 Shm And Circular Motion 15.3 Energy In Shm 15.4 Linear Restoring Forces 15.5 The Pendulum 15.6 Damped Oscillations 15.7 Driven Oscillations And Resonance Summary Questions and Problems 16 Traveling Waves and Sound 16.1 An Introduction To Waves 16.2 Visualizing Wave Motion 16.3 Sinusoidal Waves 16.4 Sound And Light 16.5 Circular And Spherical Waves 16.6 Power, Intensity, And Decibels 16.7 The Doppler Effect Summary Questions and Problems 17 Superposition and Standing Waves 17.1 The Principle Of Superposition 17.2 Standing Waves 17.3 Standing Waves On A String 17.4 Standing Sound Waves 17.5 The Physics Of Speech 17.6 Interference Along A Line 17.7 Interference In Two And Three Dimensions 17.8 Beats Summary Questions and Problems Part III Summary Oscillations and Waves One Step Beyond Waves in the Earthand the Ocean Part III Problems Part IV: Optics Overview:The Wave Model of Light 18 Wave Optics 18.1 Models Of Light 18.2 Thin-film Interference 18.3 Double-slit Interference 18.4 The Diffraction Grating 18.5 Single-slit Diffraction 18.6 Circular-aperture Diffraction 18.7 X Rays And X-ray Diffraction Summary Questions and Problems 19 Ray Optics 19.1 The Ray Model Of Light 19.2 Reflection 19.3 Refraction 19.4 Image Formation By Refraction 19.5 Thin Lenses: Ray Tracing 19.6 The Thin-lens Equation 19.7 I mage Formation With Spherical Mirrors 19.8 Color And Dispersion Summary Questions and Problems 20 Optical Instruments 20.1 Lenses In Combination 20.2 The Camera 20.3 The Human Eye 20.4 Magnifiers And Microscopes 20.5 The Resolution Of Optical Instruments 20.6 Microscopy Summary Questions and Problems Part IV Summary Optics One Step Beyond Phase-Contrast Microscopy Part IV Problems Part V: Electricity And Magnetism Overview: Charges, Currents, and Fields 21 Electric Forces and Fields 21.1 The Charge Model 21.2 A Microscopic Model Of Charge 21.3 Coulomb’s Law 21.4 The Electric Field 21.5 The Electric Field Of Multiple Charges 21.6 The Motion Of A Charged Particle In An Electric Field 21.7 The Torque On A Dipole In An Electric Field Summary Questions and Problems 22 Electric Potential 22.1 Electric Potential Energy 22.2 The Electric Potential 22.3 Calculating The Electric Potential 22.4 The Potential Of A Continuous Distribution Of Charge 22.5 Sources Of Electric Potential 22.6 Connecting Potential And Field 22.7 The Electrocardiogram Summary Questions and Problems 23 Biological Applications of Electric Fields and Potentials 23.1 Capacitance And Capacitors 23.2 Combinations Of Capacitors 23.3 Dielectrics 23.4 Electrostatics In Salt Water 23.5 The Membrane Potential Of A Cell Summary Questions and Problems 24 Current and Resistance 24.1 A Model Of Current 24.2 Defining Current 24.3 Batteries And Emf 24.4Resistance And Conductance 24.5 Ohm’s Law And Resistor Circuits 24.6 Energy And Power 24.7 Alternating Current Summary Questions and Problems 25 Circuits 25.1 Circuit Elements And Diagrams 25.2 Using Kirchhoff’s Laws 25.3 Series And Parallel Circuits 25.4 Measuring Voltage And Current 25.5 More Complex Circuits 25.6 Electric Safety 25.7 Rc Circuits 25.8 Electricity In The Nervous System Summary Questions and Problems 26 Magnetic Fields and Forces 26.1 Magnetism 26.2 The Magnetic Field Of A Current 26.3 Magnetic Dipoles 26.4 The Magnetic Force On A Moving Charge 26.5 Magnetic Forces On Current-carrying Wires 26.6 Forces And Torques On Magnetic Dipoles 26.7 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Summary Questions and Problems 27 Electromagnetic Induction and Electromagnetic Waves 27.1 Induced Currents 27.2 Motional Emf 27.3 Magnetic Flux And Lenz’s Law 27.4 Faraday’s Law 27.5 Induced Fields 27.6 Electromagnetic Waves 27.7 Polarization 27.8 The Interaction Of Electromagnetic Waves With Matter Summary Questions and Problems Part V Summary Electricity and Magnetism One Step Beyond The Greenhouse Effectand Global Warming Part V Problems Part VI: Modern Physics Overview: New Ways of Looking at the World 28 Quantum Physics 28.1 Physics At The Atomic Level 28.2 The Photoelectric Effect 28.3 Photons 28.4 Matter Waves 28.5 Energy Is Quantized 28.6 Energy Levels And Quantum Jumps 28.7 The Uncertainty Principle 28.8 Applications Of Quantum Physics Summary Questions and Problems 29 Atoms and Molecules 29.1 Spectroscopy 29.2 Atoms 29.3 The Hydrogen Atom 29.4 Multi-electron Atoms 29.5 Excited States And Spectra 29.6 Molecules 29.7 Fluorescence And Bioluminescence 29.8 Stimulated Emission And Lasers Summary Questions and Problems 30 Nuclear Physics 30.1 Nuclear Structure 30.2 Nuclear Stability 30.3 The Strong Force 30.4 Radiation And Radioactivity 30.5 Types Of Nuclear Decay 30.6 The Interaction Of Ionizing Radiation With Matter 30.7 Nuclear Medicine 30.8 The Ultimate Building Blocks Of Matter Summary Questions and Problems Part VI Summary Modern Physics One Step Beyond The Physics of Very Cold Atoms Part VI Problems Appendix A Mathematics Review Appendix B Periodic Table of Elements Appendix C Studying for and Taking the MCAT Exam Appendix D Atomic and Nuclear Data Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems Credits Index