Unburied memories : the politics of bodies of sacred defense martyrs in Iran

Today, almost a generation has passed since the Iran-Iraq war and the memory of it is set to diminish with each passing generation. The following questions emerge. Can we say that the gradual disappearance of war's memory means that, increasingly, Iranians will see the Iran-Iraq war solely as an historical event? How can we defend or reject this idea? Today, with which elements and values should we look at the Iran-Iraq war memorials and ceremonies? To what extent will war museums and materials culture be influenced by these new values? In the period during and immediately after the Iran-Iraq war (1980-88), national bereavement and commemoration of martyrs was neither apparent in common state policy nor a social need. Even at the turn of the 21st century, anyone walking through Iranian cities, many of which had been the main scene of the bloody massacre and direct targets of the Iraqi Republican Guard, will have found traces of the terrible, almost unimaginable, human losses. However, today's Iranians can see modern war memorials and monuments in many parts of the urban and rural landscape. Yet, at the same time, the changing landscape has separated Iranians from such remnants of the violence. It can be argued that many people, in their wish to look forward to a more hopeful future, do not wish to be reminded of this period in Iranian history. This book was originally published as a special issue of Visual Anthropology. Discusses the theme of martyrdom and historical memory of the Iranian Revolution and the Iran-Iraq War from several different points of view: the importance of devotional iconography, especially portraits; documentary photographs as memorials; martyrdom museums and their importance for Iranian society; the place of women martyrs within the concept of martyrdom; the politics of the body and death; shrines and commemorative rituals; and the role of visual art as war memorials and symbols, especially commemorative murals. This book examines the role that memory of conflict plays in the context of Iran's recent history. It will be of interest to social anthropologists, historians and those with an interest in Iran's recent past and future.This book was originally published as a special issue of Visual Anthropology.