امارات متحده عربی و خلیج: معماری و شهرسازی امروز (طراحی معماری)

At the end of the 20th century, Dubai attracted international media attention as the world sought to make sense of the city’s extraordinary growth. Exuberant projects such as the Burj Arab, the Burj Khalifa and the Palm Islands attracted investment in dreams to transform the region. While the global financial crisis kept dreams from becoming reality, this issue of __AD__ seeks to present a view of architecture and urbanism in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and other states in the wider Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) at a time when greater economic stability promises new beginnings. The issue presents examples of architecture that transcends preoccupation with fabricating images, and traces the process of making contemporary Gulf cities, from material tectonics to large-scale masterplans. By presenting the architecture of UAE and the Gulf within the context of broader regional developments and global trends, it highlights how projects in the UAE, Qatar, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia have contributed to unprecedented urban growth, while emphasising the continuing environmental challenges of building in the region. In addition to highlighting various sustainable initiatives intended to counteract these challenges, the issue also explores how computational design and new technologies are being innovatively employed to mitigate the impact of arid climates. Contributors include: Ameena Ahmadi, Kelly Hutzell, Varkki Pallathucheril, Todd Reisz, Rami el Samahy, Terri Meyer Boake, Jeffrey Willis. International architects: Foster + Partners, Frank Gehry, HOK, IM Pei, Legoretta + Legoretta, Jean Nouvelle, Reiser + Umemoto, Allies and Morrison. Regional architects: AGi (Kuwait), DXB.lab (UAE), X Architects (UAE). Cover 1 Title Page 3 Contents 4 Copyright Page 6 Editorial: Helen Castle 7 About the Guest Editors 9 Introduction: The Gulf Urbanisation 10 Museum Development in the Gulf: Narrative and Architecture 22 Qatar Museums: Nation and Identity 24 The National Museum of Saudi Arabia: an Islamic Centre 25 Bahrain: Architecture and the Pre-Islamic Past 27 Abu Dhabi: Architecture and Global Imagining 28 Museums as Agents of Identity-Making in the Gulf 29 Cultural Exchange and Urban Appropriation: Spaces for Art in Sharjah’s Historical Centre 30 Coastal Settlement as a Ground for Exchange 34 Extension of Non-Museum Spaces for Art 36 Reclamation of the Historical Links and Permeability of Art and Culture Programmes 37 Urban Potentialities 38 Design for the Future: Educational Institutions in the Gulf 40 Early Campus Design 42 Contemporary Approaches to Persistent Challenges 43 Campus Cities 46 Future Projects and Prospects 46 A City for Education 49 The Insular 51 The Connected 52 The Public 52 The Avant-Garde 54 Building Foundations 55 The Evolution of Tall Building in the Gulf: From the Sensational to the Sensitive 56 Technical Advancements 63 The Environmentally Progressive 67 The Future of Tall Building in the Gulf Region 73 Drawing on Sand: Cities in the Making 75 Act 1 76 Traditional Communities of the Region in the Pre-Modern Era 76 Act 2 76 Modernist Aspirations from the 1960s to the 1990s 76 Act 3 78 Aspirations for Hedonistic Modernism in the Gulf, 1990s to 2008 78 Waterfronts and Coastal Resorts 78 Urban Regeneration 79 Desert 79 Act 4 81 Boom & Bust ... and Boom: Looking Forward to Getting it Right 81 Inexhaustible Ambition: Two Eras of Planning in Doha, Qatar 82 Episode One: 1971–86 84 Episode Two: 1999–Present 87 New Hearts for Two Gulf Cities 94 Urban Dynamics 95 New Hearts 97 Complex Challenges 99 Broader Consequences 101 Future Flyovers: Dubai in 1971 102 Dubai in Question 102 The 1971 Plan: an Acceptance and a Refutation 103 Planning by Text 104 Plan as Image 105 Let the 1970s Begin 107 Urban and Architectural Sustainability in the Gulf 108 Impacts on the Natural Environment 110 Policy Responses 111 Urban Design Projects 112 Observations 115 Fast Forwards: 10 Years of Sustainable Initiatives in the Gulf Region 116 Pre-2006 116 2006–8 117 2008–14 117 Challenges and Successes 117 Designs for New Buildings 119 The Way Forward 119 Performative Urbanism: An Emerging Model of the Gulf 123 The Struggle for Integrity: Emerging Local Practices in the Gulf 130 SHAPE 134 AGi Architects 136 Counterpoint A Field of Possibilities: The Post-Oil Future of Bahrain 138 The Past that Made the Present 139 Scenarios for a Future Without Oil 141 In Between the Possible and the Plausible 143 Contributors 144 EULA 149 At The End Of The 20th Century, Dubai Attracted International Media Attention As The World Sought To Make Sense Of The City's Extraordinary Growth. Exuberant Projects Such As The Burj Arab, The Burj Khalifa And The Palm Islands Attracted Investment In Dreams To Transform The Region. While The Global Financial Crisis Kept Dreams From Becoming Reality, This Issue Of Ad Seeks To Present A View Of Architecture And Urbanism In The United Arab Emirates (uae) And Other States In The Wider Gulf Cooperation Council (gcc) At A Time When Greater Economic Stability Promises New Beginnings. The Issue Presents Examples Of Architecture That Transcends Preoccupation With Fabricating Images, And Traces The Process Of Making Contemporary Gulf Cities, From Material Tectonics To Large-scale Masterplans. By Presenting The Architecture Of Uae And The Gulf Within The Context Of Broader Regional Developments And Global Trends, It Highlights How Projects In The Uae, Qatar, Kuwait And Saudi Arabia Have Contributed To Unprecedented Urban Growth, While Emphasising The Continuing Environmental Challenges Of Building In The Region. In Addition To Highlighting Various Sustainable Initiatives Intended To Counteract These Challenges, The Issue Also Explores How Computational Design And New Technologies Are Being Innovatively Employed To Mitigate The Impact Of Arid Climates. Introduction : The Gulf And Urbanisation / George Katodrytis And Kevin Mitchell -- Museum Development In The Gulf: Narrative And Architecture / Sarina Wakefield -- Cultural Exchange And Urban Appropriation: Spaces For Art In Sharjah's Historical Centre / Mona El Mousfy And Sharmeen Syed -- Design For The Future: Educational Institutions In The Gulf / Kevin Mitchell -- A City For Education / Ameena Ahmadi -- Drawing On Sand: Cities In The Making / Steven Velegrinis And George Katodrytis -- The Evolution Of Tall Building In The Gulf: From The Sensational To The Sensitive / Terri Meyer Boake -- Inexhaustible Ambition: Two Eras Of Planning In Doha, Qatar / Kelly Hutzell, Rami El Samahy And Adam Himes -- New Hearts For Two Gulf Cities / Varkki Pallathucheril -- Future Flyovers: Dubai In 1971 / Todd Reisz -- Urban Architectural Sustainability In The Gulf / Robert Cooke -- Fast Forwards: 10 Years Of Sustainable Initiatives In The Gulf Region / Jeffrey Willis -- Performative Urbanism: An Emerging Model Of The Gulf / George Katodrytis -- The Struggle For Integrity: Emerging Local Practices In The Gulf / George Katodrytis And Kevin Mitchell -- A Field Of Possibilities: The Post-oil Future Of Bahrain / Noura Al Sayeh. Guest-edited By George Katodrytis And Kevin Mitchell. January/february 2015. Includes Bibliographical References. Information Technology and Career Education contains the contributions presented at the 2014 International Conference on Information Technology and Career Education (ICITCE 2014, Hong Kong, China, 9-10 October 2014). The book is divided into two main topics: information technology and vocational technology. Considerable attention is also paid to electric power, data mining, vocational education and physical education. Information Technology and Career Education will be invaluable to professionals and academics in information and vocational technology, electric and electronic engineering and education science This book will be significant for professionals and academics in information and vocational technology, electric and electronic engineering and education science.