Tumors of the Central Nervous System, Volume 1: Gliomas: Glioblastoma (Part 1) (Tumors of the Central Nervous System (1))

The most recent developments in diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of Gliomas (Glioblastoma) in the brain are presented. The importance of personalized medicine and clinical validation for targeted therapy are discussed. The identification of various types of biomarkers is included. The identification and validation of brain cancer (glioblastoma) genes are discussed. Role of cancer stem cells in the initiation, progression, and persistence of malignant gliomas is explained. The use of surgical resection, chemotherapy (e.g., temozolomide), immunotherapy, and radiotherapy for malignant glioblastoma are pointed out. Standard (established) as well as newer imaging modalities (proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy) are discussed. Front Matter....Pages i-xxi Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Introduction....Pages 3-8 Molecular Classification of Gliomas....Pages 9-19 Front Matter....Pages 21-21 Glioblastoma: Endosialin Marker for Pericytes....Pages 23-29 Glioma Grading Using Cerebral Blood Volume Heterogeneity....Pages 31-43 The Role of Ectonucleotidases in Glioma Cell Proliferation....Pages 45-51 Gliomas: Role of Monoamine Oxidase B in Diagnosis....Pages 53-59 Glioma: Role of Integrin in Pathogenesis and Therapy....Pages 61-66 Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Intracranial Gliomas....Pages 67-79 Infiltration Zone in Glioma: Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging....Pages 81-88 Malignant Gliomas: Role of E2F1 Transcription Factor....Pages 89-97 The Role of Glucose Transporter-1 (GLUT-1) in Malignant Gliomas....Pages 99-108 Malignant Gliomas: Role of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor A (PDGFRA)....Pages 109-118 Molecular Methods for Detection of Tumor Markers in Glioblastomas....Pages 119-130 Role of MGMT in Glioblastomas....Pages 131-136 Glioblastomas: Role of CXCL12 Chemokine....Pages 137-146 Cell Death Signaling in Glioblastoma Multiforme: Role of the Bcl2L12 Oncoprotein....Pages 147-157 Glioblastoma Multiforme: Role of Polycomb Group Proteins....Pages 159-166 Glioblastoma Multiforme: Role of Cell Cycle-Related Kinase Protein (Method)....Pages 167-171 Front Matter....Pages 173-173 Markers of Stem Cells in Gliomas....Pages 175-190 Efficient Derivation and Propagation of Glioblastoma Stem-Like Cells Under Serum-Free Conditions Using the Cambridge Protocol....Pages 191-204 Front Matter....Pages 173-173 Glioma Cell Lines: Role of Cancer Stem Cells....Pages 205-212 Glioblastoma Cancer Stem Cells: Response to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Kinase Inhibitors....Pages 213-226 Front Matter....Pages 227-227 Low- and High-Grade Gliomas: Extensive Surgical Resection....Pages 229-237 Brainstem Gangliogliomas: Total Resection and Close Follow-Up....Pages 239-242 Glioblastoma: Temozolomide-Based Chemotherapy....Pages 243-248 Drug-Resistant Glioma: Treatment with Imatinib Mesylate and Chlorimipramine....Pages 249-258 Glioblastoma Multiforme: Molecular Basis of Resistance to Erlotinib....Pages 259-267 Enhanced Glioma Chemosensitivity....Pages 269-276 Malignant Glioma Patients: Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Monoclonal Antibody, Bevacizumab....Pages 277-290 Aggravating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by Combined Application of Bortezomib and Celecoxib as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Glioblastoma....Pages 291-298 Targeted Therapy for Malignant Gliomas....Pages 299-307 Glioblastomas: HER1/EGFR-Targeted Therapeutics....Pages 309-320 Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibition as a Therapeutic Strategy for Glioblastoma Multiforme....Pages 321-336 Role of Acyl-CoA Synthetases in Glioma Cell Survival and Its Therapeutic Implication....Pages 337-340 Malignant Glioma Patients: Combined Treatment with Radiation and Fotemustine....Pages 341-347 Malignant Glioma Immunotherapy: A Peptide Vaccine from Bench to Bedside....Pages 349-356 Malignant Glioma: Chemovirotherapy....Pages 357-364 Intracranial Glioma: Delivery of an Oncolytic Adenovirus....Pages 365-370 Use of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Imaging (MRSI) in the Treatment Planning of Gliomas....Pages 371-378 Malignant Glioma Cells: Role of Trail-Induced Apoptosis....Pages 379-387 Front Matter....Pages 389-389 Long-Term Survivors of Glioblastoma....Pages 391-398 Glioblastoma Patients: p15 Methylation as a Prognostic Factor....Pages 399-404 Back Matter....Pages 405-434 Advantages and limitations of biomarkers in gliomagenesis are described. Molecular subtypes of gliomas are detailed. The role played by TP53 gene mutation in the deadliest brain tumor, glioblastoma multiforme, is pointed out. The role of mutations of IDH1 and IDH2, and isocitrate dehydrogenases in malignant gliomas are presented. Metabolic differences in different regions of the glioma tumor are clarified. Various types of imaging modalities, including PET and SPECT, to diagnose gliomas in general and glioblastoma in particular in patients are explained in detail. Both low-grade and high-grade