Tropospheric Chemistry : Results of the German Tropospheric Chemistry Programme

The formation, transport and impact of photo-oxidants, e.g., ozone, is a major environmental problem in densely populated areas with corresponding high emissions of ozone precursor substances such as NO x and volatile organic carbon compounds (VOC). Although major progress has been achieved within the last decade, there are still significant uncertainties in our understanding of the chemical behavior of the polluted atmosphere, in particular the interaction between cities and surrounding areas as well as the contribution of pollution to the global changes, e.g., the oxidation capacity of the troposphere. This book focuses on specific issues related to the chemistry of polluted atmospheres. The main issues cover areas such as modelling, emission inventories, chemical transformation as well as transport of pollutants on an urban/regional scale. The overall topic of the book is addressed in an interdisciplinary approach. The book is of specific interest for advanced researchers in tropospheric chemistry, from the PhD or post-doctoral levels and beyond. Front Matter....Pages i-2 Front Matter....Pages 3-3 An Empirical, Receptor-Based Procedure for Assessing the Effect of Different Ozone Mitigation Strategies....Pages 5-22 Short-Term Ozone Forecasting with a Network Model System during Summer 1999....Pages 23-40 Studying the City Plume of Berlin on 20 July 1998 with Three Different Modelling Approaches....Pages 41-70 On the Importance of Reliable Background Concentrations of Ozone for Regional Scale Photochemical Modelling....Pages 71-90 Comparison of Five Eulerian Air Pollution Forecasting Systems for the Summer of 1999 Using the German Ozone Monitoring Data....Pages 91-121 On Modeling Dry Deposition of Long-Lived and Chemically Reactive Species over Heterogeneous Terrain....Pages 123-155 Front Matter....Pages 157-157 Emission of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds: An Overview of Field, Laboratory and Modelling Studies Performed during the ‘Tropospheric Research Program’ (TFS) 1997–2000....Pages 159-177 Development of Emission Models and Improvement of Emission Data for Germany....Pages 179-206 Evaluation of Modeled Spatially and Temporarily Highly Resolved Emission Inventories of Photosmog Precursors for the City of Augsburg: The Experiment EVA and Its Major Results....Pages 207-233 Quality Assurance in TFS for Inorganic Compounds....Pages 235-253 Quality Assurance of Hydrocarbon Measurements for the German Tropospheric Research Focus (TFS)....Pages 255-279 A Database for Volatile Organic Compounds....Pages 281-286 Front Matter....Pages 287-287 Ozone and PAN Formation Inside and Outside of the Berlin Plume — Process Analysis and Numerical Process Simulation....Pages 289-321 Chemical Mechanism Development: Laboratory Studies and Model Applications....Pages 323-357 Free Radicals and Fast Photochemistry during BERLIOZ....Pages 359-394 Verification of the Contribution of Vehicular Traffic to the Total NMVOC Emissions in Germany and the Importance of the NO 3 Chemistry in the City Air....Pages 395-411 Actinic Radiation and Photolysis Processes in the Lower Troposphere: Effect of Clouds and Aerosols....Pages 413-441 Hydrogen Peroxide, Organic Peroxides and Higher Carbonyl Compounds Determined during the BERLIOZ Campaign....Pages 443-463 Ground-Based and Airborne Measurements of Nonmethane Hydrocarbons in BERLIOZ: Analysis and Selected Results....Pages 465-492 Focuses on specific issues related to the chemistry of polluted atmospheres. This book covers areas such as modelling, emission inventories, chemical transformation as well as transport of pollutants on an urban/regional scale. It is aimed at advanced researchers in tropospheric chemistry, from the PhD or post-doctoral levels and beyond.