Trends in Romance Linguistics and Philology. Volume 5: Bilingualism and Linguistic Conflict in Romance

TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS is a series of books that open new perspectives in our understanding of language. The series publishes state-of-the-art work on core areas of linguistics across theoretical frameworks as well as studies that provide new insights by building bridges to neighbouring fields such as neuroscience and cognitive science. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS considers itself a forum for cutting-edge research based on solid empirical data on language in its various manifestations, including sign languages. It regards linguistic variation in its synchronic and diachronic dimensions as well as in its social contexts as important sources of insight for a better understanding of the design of linguistic systems and the ecology and evolution of language. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS publishes monographs and outstanding dissertations as well as edited volumes, which provide the opportunity to address controversial topics from different empirical and theoretical viewpoints. High quality standards are ensured through anonymous reviewing. 5.1 Overview 11 Representations of Romance: contact, bilingualism and diglossia 13 Language conflict in Romance: decline, death and survival 51 Standardization in Romance 87 5.2 Romance: Romance bilingualism in Europe 125 Galician and Castilian in contact: historical, social and linguistic aspects 127 Catalan: Castilian 185 Occitan: French 219 Bilingualism and language conflict in Rhæto-Romance 241 Language contact and Corsican polynomia 263 Sardinian: Italian 281 Italian and Italian dialects: An overview of recent studies 305 Balkan Romance: Rumanian 337 5.3 Romance: Romance bilingualism outside Europe 353 Québécois French and language issues in Quebec 355 Bilingualism and linguistic conflict in (French) creole-speaking societies 393 Creole Spanish and Afro-Hispanic 417 Portuguese and/or ‘Fronterizo’ in northern Uruguay 443 Aspects of Creole : Portuguese bilingualism and linguistic conflict 463 5.4 Second language acquisition by immigrants 503 Second language acquisition by migrants in Europe 505 The acquisition of Romance by speakers of a Romance variety in North America 545 The acquisition of a second Romance language by immigrants in Latin America 569 Subject Index 601 Index of Languages 616 Index of Authors 622

TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS is a series of books that open new perspectives in our understanding of language. The series publishes state-of-the-art work on core areas of linguistics across theoretical frameworks as well as studies that provide new insights by building bridges to neighbouring fields such as neuroscience and cognitive science.

TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS considers itself a forum for cutting-edge research based on solid empirical data on language in its various manifestations, including sign languages. It regards linguistic variation in its synchronic and diachronic dimensions as well as in its social contexts as important sources of insight for a better understanding of the design of linguistic systems and the ecology and evolution of language.

TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS publishes monographs and outstanding dissertations as well as edited volumes, which provide the opportunity to address controversial topics from different empirical and theoretical viewpoints. High quality standards are ensured through anonymous reviewing.

The contributions to this volume share a common concern with the use of language in its socio-cultural context, and its representation in the minds of speakers.