Transport Development Challenges in the 21st Century: Proceedings of the 2019 TranSopot Conference (Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics)

This proceedings present current trends in the transport growth. It presents transport solutions both at a micro-level, such as that of a single city or a single company, as well as at a macro-level of a whole transportation system. The transport decisions made by an individual in regards to the transport mode and route, add up to the structure and efficiency of the whole system. Transport systems cannot grow extensively anymore, due to lack of space or the amount of additional costs, so the authors presents new solutions, ones which are innovative and sustainable, while also increasing the efficiency of transport operations. These solutions are analyzed for performance at a scale of individual cities or companies, as well as whole transport systems. The researchers, who are often also practitioners in the field of transport, provide not only the theoretical background for the transport analysis but also empirical data and practical experience. Contents Logistics Startups and Logistics Service Providers: Competitors or Partners in Exploration? 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Background 2.1 Logistics Startups 2.2 Logistics Innovation at LSPs 2.3 Large Corporations’ Cooperation with Startups 3 Research Method 4 Findings and Discussion 4.1 Logistics Startups Exploring Logistics Pain Points 4.2 LSPs’ Cooperation with Startups 5 Conclusions References Modelling the Relations Between the Primary Resources and the Financial Result: Trans Polonia Group Case Study 1 Introduction 2 Basic Resources in Durability of Competitive Advantage and Efficiency of Transport Enterprises 3 Trans Polonia Group as a Subject and Research Method 4 Material and Methods 5 Results 6 Conclusions References Changes in Structure and Spatial Distribution of Heavy Goods Vehicles Traffic in Poland in 2005–2015, with Particular Emphasis on Border Traffic 1 Introduction: Purpose of the Study 2 Scope of the Study 3 Geopolitical Conditions of Heavy Goods Vehicles External Traffic 4 Methodology: Procedure 5 Results: External Traffic 6 Conclusions References Relationship Between Transport Performance Indicators and GDP in Poland 1 Introduction 2 Correlation Between GDP and Transport Performance in Poland 3 Correlation Between GDP and Traffic Volume in Poland 4 Summary References Value Creation for Stakeholders in the Implementation of “Last Mile” Deliveries in Cities 1 Introduction 2 Literature Background and Problem Description 3 Empirical Research 4 Discussion and Summary References Convenience as a Factor Differentiating Air Transport Service 1 Introduction 2 Nature of Convenience 3 Convenience Management as an Element of the Transport Service 4 The Assessment of Convenience Based on Conducted Scientific Research 5 Summary References Shaping Levels of City Bus Prices as a Result of Tenders 1 Introduction 2 The Market of City Buses in Poland in the Light of Tender Allotments 3 Criteria Used in Tender Procedures for City Buses 4 Results of the Analysis of the Impact of the Size of the Tender on the Unit Price of a City Bus 5 Discussion 6 Conclusions References Railway Special Grid in Near Field Communication Technology for Rail Transport Infrastructure 1 Introduction 2 Railway Special Grid 3 NFC Technology Adopted in the Railway Special Grid Marks 4 Conclusions References Future of Air Cargo in Poland 1 Introduction 2 Overall Characteristics of Polish Air Freight Market 3 The Forecast of Air Cargo Market Development 4 GDP Growth Forecast 5 Geographical Market Location and International Trade 6 Airlines Capacity 7 Air Cargo Potential in the Light of Growth of the Production of Certain Commodity Groups 8 Air Cargo Infrastructure in Poland 9 Summary and Conclusions References Conditions of Using the Bi-directional Tram in the Sustainable Urban Transport System (Case Study on the Example of Szczecin, Poland) 1 Introduction 2 Characteristics of the Tram as a Mean of Public Transport 3 The Use of Bi-directional Trams in Selected Cities in Europe 4 The Use of Bi-directional Trams in the Urban Transport System: Case Study on the Example of Szczecin, Poland 4.1 First Step: Use on the Existing Lines Under Renovation 4.2 Second Step: New Tram Lines with Switch-Back Terminals 4.3 Third Step: Use on Shortened Routes 5 Summary References Customer Service Effectiveness in Shared Mobility Systems Using Artificial Intelligence Algorithms 1 Introduction 2 The Idea of Shared Mobility Services 3 Artificial Intelligence in Automated Customer Service 4 Automatization of Damage Report in a Carsharing Company 5 Conclusions References Poland as an Example of Using Flexible Transportation Systems as a Tool for Meeting the Needs of Mobility 1 Introduction 2 The Essence of the Flexible Transportation System 3 The Premises for the Development of Flexible Transportation Services 4 The Organisation and Functioning of the Flexible Transportation System in Szczecin 5 In Summary References Analysis of Trends in Development of Electromobility in Poland: Current Problems and Issues 1 Introduction 2 Market Share of Electric Vehicles 3 Electromobility in Private Transport 4 Analysis of Transport Accessibility of Electric Car Charging Points/Stations in the Conurbation of Upper Silesia and Dąbrowa Basin 5 Electromobility in Public Transport 6 Conclusions References Wireless Sensor Networks for Traffic Monitoring 1 Introduction 2 Detection Systems 3 Technology Used in the Study 4 ITS Testing Ground 5 Using WSNs on the Campus Area 6 Measurement Data Analysis 6.1 Analysis of Number and Type of the Detected Devices 6.2 Comparative Analyses of WSN Detecting Wi-Fi Activity and the Network Detecting Bluetooth Activity 7 Conclusion References Electronic Fare Collection Systems vs. Passenger Rights and Effectiveness of Services Provision 1 Introduction 2 Premises for Fare Collection Systems Using Electronic Cards Implementation in the Passenger Public Transport 3 Passenger Rights in the Context of Forbidden Contract Clauses and of Personal Data Protection 3.1 The Obligation to Register the Vehicle Entering (Check-In) Each Time 3.2 No Violation of Collective Consumer Interest and of Decency 3.3 Request to Use an Electronic Card in the Case of Entitlement to Free Travelling 3.4 Solutions Ensuring the Personal Data Protection 4 Summary References Can the Metropolitan Rail System Hamper the Development of Individual Transport? (Case Study on the Example of the Szczecin Metropolitan Railway, Szczecin, Poland) 1 Introduction 2 The Role of Railways in Serving Passenger Traffic 3 Szczecin Metropolitan Area (SMA) as a Research Area 4 Szczecin Metropolitan Railway (SMR): Objectives and Solutions 5 Szczecin Metropolitan Railway: Possibilities of Reducing the Development of Individual Transport 6 Conclusion References Generalized Cost of Daily Trips on the Example of Public Transport and Private Car Selection 1 Introduction 2 Generalized Cost of Journey: Theoretical Approach 3 Valuing Time 4 The Method of Measuring the Generalized Cost for Travel Made by Public and Individual Transport 4.1 Generalized Travel Costs 4.1.1 Case Study 5 Conclusions References Challenges Related to the Implementation and Development of Electromobility in Cities 1 Introduction 2 Development of Electric Vehicles 3 Changes of Transport Infrastructure 4 Support for Integrated Information Systems: Example of Electric Travelling Project 5 Summary References Fare-Free Public Transport vs. Private Cars: Zero Fares as an Instrument of Impact on Public Transport Mode Share? 1 Introduction 2 Fare-Free Public Transport and Modal Shift: A Literature Review 2.1 The Effect of Fares on Public Transport Demand 2.2 Effectiveness of Fare Abolition on Public Transport Mode Share 3 Results of Empirical Studies in Upper Silesia Region in Poland 3.1 Methods 3.2 Results 4 Discussion and Conclusions References Methodology for the Evaluation of Walking Trips Among the Inhabitants in the Light of Marketing Research Results in Warsaw and Gdynia (Poland) 1 Introduction 2 Results: Walking Trips in Warsaw 3 Results: Walking Trips Within Gdynia 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Changes in Urban Transport Behaviour and Preferences of Residents in Employment: Gdynia Case 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Results 3.1 Profile of the Segment Comprising of Respondents in Employment 3.2 Transport Behaviour and Preferences of Respondents in Employment 4 Discussion and Conclusion References The Role of Urban Environmental Sound in the Orientation of People with Impaired Vision 1 Introduction 2 Survey Among People with Impaired Vision 3 Characteristic Places for Acquiring Sounds 4 Sound Identification of Selected Objects and Events 5 Teaching Spatial Orientation to People with Impaired Vision 5.1 First Level: Evaluation of Simple Events 5.2 Second Level: Evaluation of Complex Events 5.3 Third Level: Evaluation and Association of Complex Events 6 Conclusions References Index