Transport and chemical transformation of pollutants in the troposphere Vol. 1. Transport and chemical transformation of pollutants in the troposphere : an overview of the work of EUROTRAC / EUROTRAC-2 International Scientific Secretariat ... Peter Borrell

A major environmental concern is the increasing burden on all scales of photo-oxidants, acidifying substances and potential nutrients in the troposphere. These lead to episodes of summer smog, and appreciable damage to eco-systems both on land and at sea. Underlying the environmental effects is the complex scientific problem of linking the man-made and biological emissions to the myriad chemical reactions that transform the pollutants as they are transported to and deposited in the surroundings and also pristine areas remote from the sources. The project, the scientific results of which are described in this book, was set up to study the problem in an inter-disciplinary way by co-ordinating the work of more than 150 research groups in some 20 countries. The book deals with all the scientific aspects of the problem, ranging from laboratory and field studies to complex computer modelling and instrument development. As such, it presents a lively picture of the subject, written by acknowledged experts in the field. The book contains analyses of the trends in pollutant concentrations in the 20th century, and gives not only detailed overviews of the scientific fields that constitute the atmospheric sciences, but also numerous suggestions for the future work that will necessary before the required scientific guidance can be given with sufficient confidence to those responsible for environmental policy development for the troposphere. Front Matter....Pages I-XXII Front Matter....Pages 1-1 EUROTRAC:Organisation Structure and Achievements....Pages 3-18 Photo-oxidants....Pages 19-43 Research on Clouds within Eurotrac....Pages 45-68 Surface Exchange....Pages 69-83 Chemical Transfer and Transport Modelling....Pages 85-128 Instrumentation....Pages 129-144 Policy Applications of the EUROTRAC Results:The Application Project....Pages 145-156 Front Matter....Pages 157-157 EUMAC: European Modelling of Atmospheric Constituents....Pages 352-374 GENEMIS: Generation of European Emission Data for Episodes....Pages 375-386 GLOMAC: An Overview of Global Atmospheric Chemistry Modelling....Pages 387-398 JETDLAG: Joint European Development of Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy for the Measurement of Atmospheric Trace Gases....Pages 400-413 ALPTRAC: High Alpine Air and Snow Chemistry....Pages 160-175 TRACT: Transport of Air Pollutants over Complex Terrain....Pages 176-201 ASE: An Overview of the Air-Sea Exchange Subproject....Pages 202-238 BIATEX: Assessment and Achievements....Pages 239-283 HALIPP: Heterogeneous and Liquid Phase Processes....Pages 285-293 LACTOZ: Chemical Processes related to Tropospheric Ozone....Pages 294-311 The Chemical Mechanism Working Group....Pages 313-328 Front Matter....Pages 329-342 TESLAS: Tropospheric Environmental Studies by Laser Sounding....Pages 343-349 Back Matter....Pages 157-157 ....Pages 414-425