Transplant Production in the 21st Century : Proceedings of the International Symposium on Transplant Production in Closed System for Solving the Global Issues on Environmental Conservation, Food, Resources and Energy

We are facing global issues concerning environmental pollution and shortages of food, feed, phytomass (plant biomass) and natural resources, which will become more serious in the forthcoming decades. To solve these issues, immeasurable numbers of various plants and huge amounts of phytomass are required every year for food, feed and for the improvement of amenities, the environment and our quality of life. Increased phytomass is also required as alternative raw material for producing bio-energy, biodegradable plastics and many other plant-originated industrial products. Only by using phytomass as a reproducible energy source and raw material, instead of fossil fuels and atomic power, we can save natural resources and minimize environmental pollution. To increase phytomass globally, we need billions of quality transplants (small plants) to be grown yearly, in the field or in the greenhouse, under various environmental conditions. However, these high quality transplants can be produced only under carefully controlled, rather than variable environment al conditions. Recent research has shown that the closed transplant production system requires considerably small amounts of electricity, water, fertilizer, CO) and pesticide to produce value-added transplants as scheduled with minimum release of environmental pollutants and minimum loss of transplants. The closed or closed-type transplant production system is defined as a transplant production system covered with opaque walls with minimized or controlled ventilation rates, using artificial lighting. With this system, photoperiod, light intensity and quality, air temperature, humidity, CO) concentration and air current speed can be controlled as desired. Front Matter....Pages i-x Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Necessity and Concept of the Closed Transplant Production System....Pages 3-19 Closed Transplant Production System at Chiba University....Pages 20-27 Electric Energy, Water and Carbon Dioxide Utilization Efficiencies of a Closed-Type Transplant Production System....Pages 28-32 Microprecision Irrigation System for Transplant Production....Pages 33-37 Design Concepts of Computerized Support Systems for Large-Scale Transplant Production....Pages 38-43 Front Matter....Pages 45-45 Modeling and Simulation in Transplant Production under Controlled Environment....Pages 47-52 Object-Oriented Analysis and Modeling of Closed Plant Production Systems....Pages 53-58 Estimating Cuticle Resistance of Seedling Shoot Tips Based on the Penman-Monteith Model....Pages 59-62 Measurement of pH in Guard Cells Using a Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope....Pages 63-66 Does Electrolyzed-Reduced Water Protect Plants from Photoinhibition?....Pages 67-71 Environmental Control for Improved Plant Quality Within Controlled Environment Plant Production Systems....Pages 72-77 Environmental Engineering for Transplant Production....Pages 78-82 Effects of Air Current on Transpiration and Net Photosynthetic Rates of Plants in a Closed Plant Production System....Pages 83-90 Effects of Air Temperature, Relative Humidity and Photosynthetic Photon Flux on the Evapotranspiration Rate of Grafted Seedlings Under Artificial Lighting....Pages 91-97 Growth of Tomato ( lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Plug Transplants in a Closed System at Relatively High Air Current Speeds — a Preliminary Study....Pages 98-101 Advances and Current Limitations of Plug Transplant Technology in Korea....Pages 102-107 A Review on Artificial Lighting of Tissue Cultures and Transplants....Pages 108-113 Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as a Radiation Source for Micropropagation of Strawberry....Pages 114-118 Application of Red Laser Diode as a Light Source for Plant Production....Pages 119-124 Effective Vegetable Transplant Production Programs for Closed-Type Systems Under Different Lighting Regimes....Pages 125-130 Front Matter....Pages 45-45 Photoautotrophic Micropropagation in a Natural Light Environment....Pages 131-136 Production of Value-Added Transplants in Closed Systems with Artificial Lighting....Pages 137-144 High Quality Plug-Transplants Produced in a Closed System Enables Pot-Transplant Production of Pansy in the Summer....Pages 145-148 Yield and Growth of Sweetpotato Using Plug Transplants as Affected by Their Ages and Planting Depths....Pages 149-153 Yield and Growth of Sweetpotato Using Plug Transplants as Affected by Cell Volume of Plug Tray and Type of Cutting....Pages 154-159 Production of Medicinal Plant Species in Sterile, Controlled Environments....Pages 160-165 Effect of Air Temperature on Tipburn Incidence of Butterhead and Leaf Lettuce in a Plant Factory....Pages 166-171 Evaluation of Lettuce Cultivars Suitable for Closed Plant Production System....Pages 172-177 Root Growth Subsequent to Transplanting in Plug-Grown Cabbage Seedlings....Pages 178-182 Effective Storage Conditions for Subsequent Growth Enhancement of Ficus Carica L. Cuttings....Pages 183-188 Front Matter....Pages 189-189 Characterization of Transformed Poplar Formed by the Inhibition of Peroxidase....Pages 191-196 Micropropagation of Canadian Spruces ( Picea SPP)....Pages 197-204 In Vitro Culture of Japanese Black Pine ( Pinus Thunbergii )....Pages 205-208 Control of The Development of Somatic Embryo of Japanese Conifers By The Density of Embryogenic Cells in Liquid Culture....Pages 209-214 A Preliminary Experiment on Photoautotrophic Micro-Propagation of Rhododendron ....Pages 215-218 Mass Clonal Propagation of Artocarpus Heterophyllus Through in Vitro Culture....Pages 219-225 Photoautotrophic Growth of Pleioblastus Pygmaea Plantlets in Vitro and Ex Vitro As Affected By Types of Supporting Material In Vitro ....Pages 226-230 Evolution of Culture Vessel for Micropropagation: From Test Tube To Culture Room....Pages 231-237 Physiology of in Vitro Plantlets Grown Photoauto-Trophically....Pages 238-245 Enhanced Growth of in Vitro Plants In Photoautotrophic Micropropagation With Natural and Forced Ventilation Systems....Pages 246-251 Front Matter....Pages 189-189 Micropropagation of Ornamental Plants Using Bioreactor System....Pages 252-257 Effects of Medium Sugar on Growth and Carbohydrate Status of Sweetpotato and Tomato Plantlets in Vitro....Pages 258-265 Practical Sugar-Free Micropropagation System Using Large Vessels with Forced Ventilation....Pages 266-273 Growth and Acclimatization of Chrysanthemum Plantlets Using Bioreactor and Hydroponic Culture Techniques....Pages 274-278 Mass Propagation of Pineapple through in Vitro Culture....Pages 279-283 Microbial Contamination under Photoautotrophic Culture System....Pages 284-288 Back Matter....Pages 289-290

The outstanding points of this book are: 1) it is the first book focused on transplant production in closed systems, 2) many of the authors are acknowledged as the experts in their designated research area, and 3) the book covers both biological and engineering aspects of transplant production, and therefore, 4) it represents an integration of state-of-the-art, multidisciplinary technologies and knowledge. A book entitled Plant Production in Closed Ecosystems published in 1997 covers similar topics, but Transplant Production in the 21st Century uniquely focuses on providing updated information and new concepts for a closed system that is suitable for transplant production in the 21st Century. It includes additional information related to biotechnology/micropropagation and micro-environmental analysis/control. Transplant Production in the 21st Century will be an important publication for the field of horticulture, agriculture and forestry, for researchers and engineers in biotechnology, greenhouse technology, information technology, and environmental control.