Translation Solutions for Many Languages: Histories of a flawed dream (Bloomsbury Advances in Translation)

So if you are going to find out where Vinay and Darbelnet were shooting from, Bally could be the man to look at. ## Charles who? Charles Bally is widely recognized as the founder of linguistic stylistics and, within that frame, modern phraseology. It would be nice to say he is a forgotten figure in English-language linguistics, 1 but I am not sure he was ever really present enough to have been forgotten. He is usually referred to as no more than the co-editor, alongside Albert Sechehaye, of Saussure's Cours de linguistique générale (1916), compiled from what are called 'students' notes' . In discussions of that coediting, Bally is sometimes mentioned as sharing the blame for concealing many of the less systemic questionings that have since been discovered in Saussure's Écrits (2002) -Bally would be the over-eager apprentice who excessively simplified and formalized his master. And yet, as Bally's independent interest in stylistics might suggest, that characterization is not entirely fair. Charles Bally (1865-1947) was only eight years younger than Saussure. Prior to attending Saussure's lectures, he had studied classics in Geneva, completed his doctorate on Euripides in Berlin from 1886 to 1889, been a tutor to the Greek royal family for four years and had taught as a privat-docent at the University of Geneva from 1893, in addition to teaching at a business school and an introductory grammar school (Progymnasium). That is, he was not just a student and not just a linguist: he earned his keep by teaching French, particularly as a foreign language. This teaching experience, coupled with his knowledge of German linguistics, brought him to stylistics. Bally published his Précis de stylistique in 1905 and his Traité de stylistique française in 1909. Since Saussure did not begin teaching his course in general linguistics until 1907, there is little reason to see Bally as simply applying Saussure. Some of the systemic notions were actually formulated in nuce by Bally prior to Saussure, albeit without the revolutionary clarity. From 1913 Bally held the chair of General Linguistics and Comparison of Indo-European Languages at the University of Geneva, the chair that had previously been held by Saussure. So what does 'stylistics' mean in this context? Bally set out to study the 'expressive resources of a whole language' , not just of some expressions or of some writers (1905: 11). In this, his project differed from the kind of literary stylistics that would study the language used by one author, for example, and Many Translation Solutions (often Called Procedures, Techniques, Or Strategies) Have Been Proposed Over The Past 50 Years Or So In French, Chinese, Russian, Ukrainian, English, Spanish, German, Japanese, Italian, Czech, And Slovak. This Book Analyzes, Criticizes And Compares Them, Proposing A New List Of Solutions That Can Be Used In Training Translators To Work Between Many Languages. The Book Also Traces Out An Entirely New History Of Contemporary Translation Studies, Showing For Example How The Russian Tradition Was Adapted In China, How The Impact Of Transformational Linguistics Was Resisted, And How Scholarship Has Developed An Intercultural Metalanguage Over And Above The Concerns Of Specific National Languages. The Book Reveals The Intensely Political Nature Of Translation Theory, Even In Its Most Apparently Technical Aspects. The Lists Were Used To Advance The Agendas Of Not Just Linguistic Nationalisms But Also State Regimes - This Is A History In Which Hitler, Stalin, And Mao All Played Roles, Communist Propaganda And Imperialist Evangelism Were Both Legitimized, Ukrainian Advances In Translation Theory Were Forcefully Silenced In The 1930s, The Cold War Both Stimulated The Application Of Transformational Grammar And Blocked News Of Russian Translation Theory, French Translation Theory Was Conscripted Into The Agenda Of Japanese Exceptionalism, And Much Else-- Machine Generated Contents Note: -- Introduction -- 1. Charles Bally And The Missing Equivalents -- 2. Vinay And Darbelnet Hit The Road -- 3. A Tradition In Russian And Environs -- 4. A Loh Road To China -- 5. Spontaneous Combustion In Central Europe? -- 6. Cold War Dalliance With Transformational Grammar -- 7. Forays Into Romance -- 8. Meanwhile Back In German -- 9. Disciplinary Corrections -- 10. Going Japanese -- 11. The Proof Of The Pudding Is In The Classroom -- 12. A Typology Of Translation Solutions For Many Languages -- Postscript: The Flaw In The Dream -- References. Anthony Pym. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. "Many 'translation solutions' (often called 'procedures,' 'techniques,' or 'strategies') have been proposed over the past 50 years or so in French, Chinese, Russian, Ukrainian, English, Spanish, German, Japanese, Italian, Czech, and Slovak. This book analyzes, criticizes and compares them, proposing a new list of solutions that can be used in training translators to work between many languages. The book also traces out an entirely new history of contemporary translation studies, showing for example how the Russian tradition was adapted in China, how the impact of transformational linguistics was resisted, and how scholarship has developed an intercultural metalanguage over and above the concerns of specific national languages. The book reveals the intensely political nature of translation theory, even in its most apparently technical aspects. The lists were used to advance the agendas of not just linguistic nationalisms but also state regimes - this is a history in which Hitler, Stalin, and Mao all played roles, Communist propaganda and imperialist evangelism were both legitimized, Ukrainian advances in translation theory were forcefully silenced in the 1930s, the Cold War both stimulated the application of transformational grammar and blocked news of Russian translation theory, French translation theory was conscripted into the agenda of Japanese exceptionalism, and much else."--Bloomsbury Publishing. "Many "translation solutions" (often called "procedures," "techniques," or "strategies") have been proposed over the past 50 years or so in French, Chinese, Russian, Ukrainian, English, Spanish, German, Japanese, Italian, Czech, and Slovak. This book analyzes, criticizes and compares them, proposing a new list of solutions that can be used in training translators to work between many languages. The book also traces out an entirely new history of contemporary translation studies, showing for example how the Russian tradition was adapted in China, how the impact of transformational linguistics was resisted, and how scholarship has developed an intercultural metalanguage over and above the concerns of specific national languages. The book reveals the intensely political nature of translation theory, even in its most apparently technical aspects. The lists were used to advance the agendas of not just linguistic nationalisms but also state regimes - this is a history in which Hitler, Stalin, and Mao all played roles, Communist propaganda and imperialist evangelism were both legitimized, Ukrainian advances in translation theory were forcefully silenced in the 1930s, the Cold War both stimulated the application of transformational grammar and blocked news of Russian translation theory, French translation theory was conscripted into the agenda of Japanese exceptionalism, and much else"--Page 4 de la couverture "Many "translation solutions" (often called "procedures," "techniques," or "strategies") have been proposed over the past 50 years or so in French, Chinese, Russian, Ukrainian, English, Spanish, German, Japanese, Italian, Czech, and Slovak. This book analyzes, criticizes and compares them, proposing a new list of solutions that can be used in training translators to work between many languages. The book also traces out an entirely new history of contemporary translation studies, showing for example how the Russian tradition was adapted in China, how the impact of transformational linguistics was resisted, and how scholarship has developed an intercultural metalanguage over and above the concerns of specific national languages. The book reveals the intensely political nature of translation theory, even in its most apparently technical aspects. The lists were used to advance the agendas of not just linguistic nationalisms but also state regimes - this is a history in which Hitler, Stalin, and Mao all played roles, Communist propaganda and imperialist evangelism were both legitimized, Ukrainian advances in translation theory were forcefully silenced in the 1930s, the Cold War both stimulated the application of transformational grammar and blocked news of Russian translation theory, French translation theory was conscripted into the agenda of Japanese exceptionalism, and much else"-- Provided by publisher Cover Half-title Title Copyright Dedication Contents List of Figures List of Tables Preface Acknowledgements Notes on Transcriptions, Back-Translation and Capitalization 1. Charles Bally and the Missing Equivalents 2. Vinay and Darbelnet Hit the Road 3. A Tradition in Russian and Environs 4. A Loh Road to China 5. Spontaneous Combustion in Central Europe? 6. Cold War Dalliance with Transformational Grammar 7. Forays into Romance 8. Meanwhile Back in German 9. Disciplinary Corrections 10. Going Japanese 11. The Proof of the Pudding is in the Classroom 12. A Typology of Translation Solutions for Many Languages Postscript: The Flaw in the Dream Notes References Index