Traditional Knowledge and Climate Change : An Environmental Impact on Landscape and Communities

This edited book uses a methodology that includes multidisciplinary collaboration to approach climate issues from several disciplines involved in climate governance. The main aim is to showcase collaborative research designed from the point of view of experiences associated with Indigenous Knowledge from an assumption of the equitable importance of its practices, methods of search, and cultural background that Indigenous Peoples custodians have maintained through time immemorial. In showing their applied ethics and activism to protect their traditional land, this book’s mission is to advocate the concept of climate justice absent from our mainstream academic and legal discourse. Their investigation into some real-life examples and local practices organised by Nature as their main element offers, inter alia, a detailed account of Indigenous Knowledge’s duty of care towards local biodiversity that can potentially be adopted in policy formulation on environmental management and governance. These selected essays represent an international human rights approach, a human understanding of genetic resources that existed for centuries alongside the First Nations and their strategies to mitigate the contemporary climate crisis afflicting all of us. The book revolves around Indigenous Knowledge of First Peoples, tribal and local communities in the Global South. In climate justice, Indigenous Peoples’ advocacy to protect our local biodiversity must be crucial change mitigation. Preface Acknowledgements About This Volume About This Book Contents Editors and Contributors Abbreviations Part I Water 1 Ancient Wisdom Dreaming a Climate Chance 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Ancient Wisdom 1.3 Who Are We? 1.4 Bookarrakarra—Dreaming the Time Between Past, Present, and Future 1.5 Warloongarriy River Law 1.6 Our Law, Our Peoples, Our River Country 1.7 Foreseeable Harm Versus Peace with Indigenous People and with Nature 1.8 Bio-Cultural Governance—A Model of Hope and Freedom References 2 Climate Change Impacts on Pakistan’s Mountain Agriculture: A Study on Burusho Farmers’ Adaptation Strategies Towards Livelihood Sustainability 2.1 Introduction 2.1.1 The Hindu Kush–Karakoram–Himalayan Region and Pakistan 2.1.2 Climate Change in Gilgit-Baltistan 2.1.3 The Burusho Community 2.1.4 Sustainable Development Goals 2.1.5 Study Aim 2.2 Methodology 2.2.1 Research Approach 2.2.2 Research Site 2.2.3 Population and Sample Size 2.2.4 Household Survey and Data Collection 2.2.5 Data Analysis 2.2.6 Ethical Considerations 2.3 Results 2.3.1 Demographic and Socioeconomic Information 2.3.2 Knowledge of Climate Change 2.3.3 Adaptation Strategies to Climate Change and Sustainable Practices 2.4 Conclusion References 3 The Concept of Indigenous Knowledge and Climate Resilience in the Pacific 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Reconceptualizing Resilience 3.3 Indigenous Knowledge and Resilience of Pacific Communities: Policy and Legal Frameworks 3.4 Social Protection 3.5 Built Environment 3.6 Discussions and Final Thoughts References 4 The Integration of Traditional Knowledge and Local Wisdom in Mitigating and Adapting Climate Change: Different Perspectives of Indigenous Peoples from Java and Bali Island 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Climate Change Risks for Indonesia 4.3 National Climate Change Mitigation 4.4 Traditional Knowledge and Climate Change 4.5 Climate Change Mitigation of Indigenous People 4.6 Benefit of Local Wisdom and Local People’s Participation in Mitigating Climate Change 4.7 Local Wisdom in Java 4.8 Local Wisdom in Bali 4.9 The Model of Local Wisdom Adoption in Climate Change Response 4.9.1 Conclusion Notes References Part II Water and Land 5 Social-Environmental Perception of Artisanal Fishermen bout Climate Change, Its Impacts on Fishing: A Comparison Between Socio-Spatially Segregated Communities 5.1 Why Is It Important to Understand Socio-Environmental Perception? 5.2 Climate Change and Society 5.3 Where Are the Communities and How Does Socio-Spatial Segregation Occur? 5.4 What Was Noticed? 5.5 To Consider... 5.6 About Ecosystem Changes and Their Impacts 5.7 In Conclusion: Including Local Knowledge Can Contribute to Science and Society References 6 Impact of Climate Change on the Endemic Medicinal Plant Species Inhabiting the World Heritage Site of Indian Sundarbans 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Indian Sundarbans: A hub of Medicinal Plant Diversity 6.3 Exploring the Medicinal Plant Diversity and People's Participation 6.4 Variability in Respondent Analysis 6.5 Conclusion 7 The Paiter Suruí Indigenous People in Defence of Their Territory: The Case of The Suruí Forest Carbon Project (PCFS)—RONDONIA/BRAZIL 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Revisiting Concepts: Globalization and Nature, Climate Change, and Carbon Sequestration in Indigenous Territories 7.3 The Paiter Suruí and the Sete de Setembro Indigenous Land 7.4 The Trajectory of the Suruí Forest Carbon Project—PCFS 7.5 Conclusion References 8 Indigenous Method of Curing Pulmonary Disorders Using Mangrove Fruit by the Lodha Peoples 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Sunderbans and Mangrove Fruit Keora 8.3 Preparation of Jelly from S. Apetala Fruit as an alternative livelihood 8.4 Analysis of Biochemical Composition 8.5 Results 8.6 Discussion 8.7 Conclusion References 9 Forests Climate Change and Indigenous Knowledge. Reflecting Indigenous Ontologies in the Economics of Restoration 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Materials and Methods 9.3 Results and Discussion 9.4 International Policy 9.4.1 Unced 9.4.2 UNFCCC and Forests 9.4.3 Forest Declarations 9.4.4 Forest Protection Financing Outside the UNFCCC 9.4.5 World Bank and UN-REDD 9.5 Private Sector Carbon Markets 9.6 Carbon Trading Challenges 9.7 Top-Down Approaches 9.8 Local Governance Issues 9.9 Land: Rights vs Relationship 9.10 Financial and Carbon Focus 9.11 Bottom-Up Approaches 9.12 A First Nations Approach 9.13 Co-designing Forest Carbon Investment 9.14 Impact Investment 9.15 Land Capital Investors 9.16 The Role of Government 9.17 Risk and Safeguards 9.18 Impact Investment Safeguards 9.19 Conclusion References Part III Land Under Water 10 Indigenous/Endogenous Sea Peoples: Climate Change Adaptation and Environmental Regeneration Prospects 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Jamaica 10.3 Panama and the Ngabe 10.4 Guna 10.5 Maya 10.6 Comcaac 10.7 Huilliche 10.8 Ahiarmiut 10.9 Nansemond 10.10 Gullah 10.11 Guana Cay, Bahamas 10.12 Barbuda and Saint Barthelemy 10.13 Gujarat 10.14 Maldives 10.15 Seychelles 10.16 Zanzibar and Tanzania 10.17 Indonesia: Bali, Lombok, Sulawesi, Ambon 10.18 Ati 10.19 Vanuatu 10.20 Hotsararie 10.21 Bikini Atoll 10.22 Conclusions: Extinction, Migration, Assimilation, or Regeneration? 10.23 Recommendations References Part IV Land, Culture, Health, and People 11 Regenerative Learning: Hearing Country and Music for Healing People, Place, and Planet 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Literature Review and Methodology 11.3 Kimberley Lived Experiences 11.4 Paradigm Transformation—Realities and Opportunities 11.5 Conclusion References Part V Climate Change Management 12 Indigenous Peoples, Intellectual Property and Sustainability 12.1 Introduction 12.2 The Neem Tree, The Wonder Tree 12.3 The Sustainability of the Environment 12.4 Innovation and Its Incentives: The Methane Experience 12.5 Conclusion References 13 Despite Repeated Warnings: A Multidisciplinary Approach of the Shortcoming of Numbers in Indigenous Knowledge and Climate Change 13.1 Introduction 13.2 What are Metrics, and What do they have to do with the Environment? 13.3 Metrics and Climate Change, An Old Contradiction 13.4 Setting the Scenario 13.5 Results of Conference of the Parties COP 27 for Taxonomy and Ecological Indicators 13.6 Keynes and Hickel, Tackling an Insatiable Society 13.7 Technologies and Taxonomy 13.8 Ocean Warming and Public Health 13.9 The Economy Side—Partial Metrics for a Global Interpretation 13.10 Conclusion 13.11 Endnotes For Introduction References 14 Towards a Better Access and Benefit Sharing Mechanism to Protect Traditional Knowledge in India: A Platter in the Offering 14.1 Introduction 14.2 The ABS Mechanisms 14.3 CBD: The Popular Choice 14.4 ABS, TK, and Rights of Indigenous Peoples 14.5 ABS: Success Stories 14.6 Effectivity of the Existing Mechanism in India 14.7 The Proposed Mechanism 14.8 What to Do with the Money! Alternative or Ancestral Livelihood or Both 14.9 Conclusion: The Way Forward References