Towards Intelligent Systems Modeling and Simulation: With Applications to Energy, Epidemiology and Risk Assessment (Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 383)

This book creates the emergence of disruptive technologies that have led to a significant change in the role of mathematics and statistics for problem solving, with the use of sophisticated software and hardware in solving complex systems and process. In the era of digital technology, mathematics and statistics need to be highly relevant to be able to cater for the needs of IR4.0 such as big data analytics, simulation, autonomous system, and cloud computing. Motivated by this development, a total of 26 chapters are contributed by respectable experts for this book. The main scope of the book is to conduct a new system of modeling and simulations on solving differential equations, nonlinear equations, energy, epidemiology, and risk assessment. This book is of interest for postgraduate students, researchers as well as other scientists who are working in numerical modeling and simulations based on efficient mathematical and statistical techniques. Preface Contents Editors and Contributors Convexity Preservation of the Ternary 6-point Interpolating Subdivision Scheme 1 Introduction 1.1 Literature Review 2 Preliminaries 2.1 Construction of Scheme 2.2 Smoothness of the Scheme 2.3 Hlder Exponent 3 Basic Features 3.1 Approximation Order 3.2 Basic Limit Function 4 Convexity Preservation of the Scheme 5 Numerical Examples 6 Conclusions References Pandemic Measures for the COVID19 Outbreak Control in Malaysia: A Correlative Comparison with China 1 Introduction 1.1 Escalating the COVID19 Scenario 2 Data and Methods 2.1 COVID19 Travel from Wuhan to the First Case in Malaysia 2.2 Relational Characterization of China on COVID19 Through the Stages of Recovery 2.3 Data 2.4 Simplified Model 3 Results and Inferences 3.1 Impact and Preliminary Screening on the Movement Controlled Order 4 Summary References Efficient Numerical Schemes for MHD Convection in Porous Cavity 1 Introduction 2 Magnetohydrodynamics 3 Non—steady State Mathematical Model 4 Hybrid Non—standard Scheme 5 Numerical Results and Discussion 6 Summary References The Impact of the New Ordering Strategy on Over—relaxation Variants for Two Dimensional Poisson’s problems 1 Introduction 2 Over-relaxation Schemes 3 Alternating Top-Down Strategy 4 Performance Analysis 5 Summary References High—Order Hosoya Polynomials with Collocation Approach for the Solution of Two—Point Boundary Value Problems 1 Introduction 2 Boundary Value Problem and Recent Methods 3 High—Order Hosoya Polynomial with Collocation Approach 3.1 Hosoya’s Approximation Equation Towards the Proposed Problems 3.2 Formulation of the Direct Method 4 Performance Analysis 5 Conclusion References The Quaternion Fourier Transform of Finite Measure and Its Properties 1 Introduction 2 Quaternion Algebra 3 Quaternion Fourier Transform and Bandlimited Functions 4 Quaternion Fourier Transform of Finite Measure 5 Conclusion References On Relationship Between Ambiguity Function and Linear Canonical Ambiguity Function 1 Introduction 2 Linear Canonical Transform 3 Ambiguity Function 4 Linear Canonical Ambiguity Function (lCAF) 5 Application 6 Conclusion References Numerical Solution of Oil Spill Weathering with Two Points Block Backward Differentiation Formula 1 Introduction 2 Two Points Block BDF (2BDF) 3 Oil-Weathering Model 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Visualization of Electric Field Response for a Semi Circle Transmitter in Seabed Logging 1 Introduction 2 General Equation of the Electric Field Response 3 Simulation of the Electric Field in Frequency Domain Results and Discussion 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Component Analysis of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in a Layered Model for CSEM Hydrocarbon Surveying 1 Introduction 2 CSEM Components: Transverse Electric and Transverse Magnetic Modes 2.1 CSEM Components 2.2 Transverse Electric and Transverse Magnetic Modes 3 Method 4 Results 5 Component Analysis of Electromagnetic Shooting Response 6 Summary References A Review on the Important Key Properties of Mathematical Models Describing Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) Solar Collectors System 1 Introduction 2 Important Key Properties of Mathematical Models 3 Numerical Example 4 Recent Development of Mathematical Models: Challenges and Limitations 5 Summary References Trisection and Pentasection Method: A Modification of the Bisection Method for Solving Non-linear Algebraic Equations 1 Introduction 2 Bisection Method 3 The Trisection Method 4 The Pentasection Method 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusion References Predicting and Assessing Road Accidents Using Autoregressive Model and Value at Risk Approach 1 Introduction 2 Risk Analysis Theoretical Framework 3 Correlation Analysis 4 Value at Risk 5 Results and Discussion 6 Summary References Global Stability Analysis of Dengue Model with Awareness, Vector Control and Time Delays 1 Introduction 2 The Mathematical Model 3 The Basic Reproductive Number and Equilibrium Points 4 Global Stability Analysis 5 Numerical Simulations 6 Concluding Remarks and Future Works References A Copula Based-Approach for Image Splicing Detection 1 Introduction 2 RGB Synthesized Images Distribution 3 Parameter Setting of Gaussian and Archimedean Copulas 3.1 Empirical Copula 3.2 Gaussian Copula 3.3 Archimedean Copula 4 Verification Scheme Performance 4.1 The Spliced Image Configuration 4.2 The Original Image Configuration 5 Evaluation Over Dataset 6 Discussion References Artificial Intelligence Forecasting for Transmission Line Ampacity 1 Introduction 2 Line Rating Methods 2.1 Direct Methods 2.2 Indirect Methods 2.3 Physical Models 3 Forecasting Line Ampacity Using Weather Parameters 3.1 Fourier Series Model 3.2 Time Series Model 4 Modelling Dynamic Line Rating Using Artificial Intelligence 4.1 Machine Learning Local Learners 4.2 Artificial Neural Network 5 Discussion 6 Summary References Estimating Marine CSEM Responses Using Gaussian Process Regression Based on Synthetic Models 1 Introduction 2 Statistical Background—Gaussian Process 3 Synthetic Marine CSEM Data Acquisition 4 Estimation of Marine CSEM Data 5 Results and Discussion 6 Summary References Stochastic Process Algebra Model of Amyloidogenic Processing in Alzheimer’s Disease 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Data 3 Stochastic Process Algebra 4 SPA Model of Amyloidogenic Processing Influenced by SORLA 5 Results and Discussion 6 Summary and Future Works References Soliton, Rogue Wave and Double Layer in an Unmagnetized Collisionless Plasma 1 Introduction 2 Model Equations 3 Formation of KdVE with Solution 4 Formation of mKdVE with Solution 5 Formation of NLSE with Solution 6 Formation of SGE with Soliton and DL Solution 7 Results and Discussion 8 Summary References Sparse Closed-Loop Surface Related Multiple Elimination 1 Introduction 1.1 Categories of Multiples 1.2 Characteristic of Multiples 1.3 Effect of Multiple Reflection in Seismic Data 2 WRW Model 2.1 Matrix Representative of Seismic Data 2.2 Detail Notation and Conversion 2.3 Formulation of WRW Model 2.4 Extension for Surface Related Multiple 3 Multiple Elimination Theoretical Review 4 Closed-Loop SRME: CL-SRME Theory 5 Application of Sparsity Constraint 6 Synthetic Data Examples: Malay Basin Model 6.1 Shot Gather Display 6.2 Zero Offset Gather Display 6.3 Auto-Correlation Section 6.4 Spectral Analysis 7 Field Data Examples: Offshore Malay Basin 7.1 Shot Gather Display 7.2 Zero-Offset Gather Display 7.3 Auto-Correlation Section 7.4 Spectral Analysis 8 Summary References Hybrid Illumination Analysis for Complex Overburden Geological Structure 1 Introduction 2 Focal Beam Theoretical Review 2.1 Shallow Gas Cloud Velocity 2.2 Target Depth Level 2.3 Source and Receiver Configurations 2.4 Nominal Seismic Frequency 3 Ray Tracing Interpolations 3.1 Rung-Kutta 4th Order Methods 4 Parameterization Analysis 4.1 Shallow Gas Cloud Velocity 4.2 Target Depth Level 5 Hybrid Illumination Method Development 6 Malay Basin Case Study 7 Summary References Sol-gel Synthesis of Silicadioxide/Organopolymer Nanocomposite for Potential Applications in EOR Nanotechnology 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 One Step Activation of Silonol Groups (−OH) 2.2 Sol-gel Synthesis of SPG-g-NPs Nanocomposite 2.3 Spectroscopic Characterization 3 Result and Discussion 3.1 Characterization 4 Summary References Empirical and Neural Network Modelling of Oil Recovery in Nano Assisted Enhanced Oil Recovery 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Data Collection and Extraction 2.2 Scaled Conjugate Gradient Algorithm 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Comparison Between Experimental Data and Neural Network Model 4 Summary References Mathematical Study of a Fractional-Order General Pathogen Dynamic Model with Immune Impairment 1 Introduction 2 Two Target Cells and General Incidence Rate Model 2.1 Basic Properties 2.2 Equilibrium Points and basic number of reproduction mathcalR0 2.3 Analysis of Stability 3 Numerical Simulations and Dissection 3.1 Effect of β1 and β2 on equilibrium points stability: 3.2 Effect of Fractional-Order Agent α on Equilibrium Points Stability 4 Conclusion References Efficiency Evaluation of Half-Sweep Newton-EGSOR Method to Solve 1D Nonlinear Porous Medium Equations 1 Introduction 2 Formulation of Half-Sweep Finite Difference Approximation 3 Formulation of Newton-EGSOR Iterative Method 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Examination of Half-Sweep Closed Newton–Cotes Quadrature Schemes in Solving Dense System 1 Introduction 2 Half-Sweep Iteration Concept 2.1 Derivation of the Half-Sweep Newton–Cotes Schemes 2.2 Derivation of the HS Finite Difference 2.3 First-Order Linear Fredholm IDE Approximations 2.4 Second-Order Linear Fredholm IDE Approximations 3 Formulation of HSCGNR 4 Numerical Treatments 5 Percentage Reduction and Computational Complexity Analysis 6 Summary Appendix References Index