Towards a Sustainable Northern European Housing Stock: Figures, Facts and Future - Volume 22 Sustainable Urban Areas

Never were energy use and security of energy supply as high on the international political agendas as they are now. There seems to be a consensus that energy savings and sustainable energy production must have a high priority. Because the energy use in the residential and non-residential sectors account for a large part of the total energy use, new programs are being developed in order to limit the consumption of energy in these sectors and a lot of attention is put into increasing the energy efficiency of the existing building stock. Towards a Sustainable Northern European Housing Stock is based on a search and inventory of data on the existing northern-European building stock and related policy developments. In this book, the authors try to give a realistic image of what is really known about the current quality of the building stock, the type of renovation activities that are undertaken and the policies being currently implemented. Recommendations are also made on how to improve the present situation.IOS Press is an international science, technical and medical publisher of high-quality books for academics, scientists, and professionals in all fields. Some of the areas we publish in: -Biomedicine -Oncology -Artificial intelligence -Databases and information systems -Maritime engineering -Nanotechnology -Geoengineering -All aspects of physics -E-governance -E-commerce -The knowledge economy -Urban studies -Arms control -Understanding and responding to terrorism -Medical informatics -Computer Sciences Machine Derived Contents Note: 1 Problem Formulation And Research Approach 1 -- 1.1 Introduction 1 -- 1.2 Context And Goals 1 -- 1.3 Research Questions 3 -- 1.4 Research Methods And Sources 5 -- 1.5 Scope And Limitations 6 -- 1.6 Basic Data Of The Residential And Non-residential -- Building Stocks 8 -- 1.7 Organisation Of This Book 9 -- 2 Energy Use In The Residential Building Stock 11 -- 2.1 Compared Final Energy Consumption In The Residential -- And Non-residential Buiding Stock. 11 -- 2.2 Energy Use In The Residential Building Stock 18 -- 2.3 Conclusions 23 -- 3 Characteristics Of The Residential Building Stock 25 -- 3.1 Introduction 25 -- 3.2 Ownership Structure And Stakeholders 25 -- 3.3 Building Types 27 -- 3.4 Relationship Between Type Of Building And Tenure 29 -- 3.5 Regional Specifications 32 -- 3.6 Age Of The Residential Building Stock 33 -- 3.7 Reference Buildings 36 -- 3.8 Match With Market Demand 36 -- 3.9 Conclusions 40 --^ 4 Physical Quality Of The Residential Building Stock 43 -- 4.1 Introduction 43 -- 4.2 Insulation And Type Of External Walls, Roofs, Floors -- And Glazing 43 -- 4.3 Heating And Cooling Systems 50 -- 4.4 Dom Estic Hot Water 54 -- 4.5 Ventilation 56 -- 4.6 Sanitation 59 -- 4.7 Elevators 61 -- 4.8 Thermal Comfort And Health Quality 62 -- 4.9 Conclusions 64 -- 5 Developments In The Residential Building Stock 69 -- 5.1 Introduction 69 -- 5.2 New Construction And Demolition Rates 69 -- 5.3 Relative Importance Of Renovation. 71 -- 5.4 Renovation Activities 73 -- 5.5 Reasons For Renovation Of Residential Buildings 76 -- 5.6 Crucial Actors In The Renovation Process. 77 -- 5.7 Conclusions. 79 -- 6 Policies & Incentives And Barriers & Opportunities 81 -- 6.1 Introduction 81 -- 6.2 Policies & Incentives 81 -- 6.2.1 Existing Policies And Incentives At National Level 82 -- 6.2.2 Demands On Decent Housing 87 -- 6.2.3 Energy Requirements For The Residential Sector (new -- And Existing) 89 --^ 6.2.4 European Policy 92 -- 6.3 Barriers & Opportunities 93 -- 6.4 Conclusions 100 -- 7 Conclusions And Recommendations 103 -- 7.1 Characteristics Of The Residential Building Stock 103 -- 7.2 Quality Of The Residential Building Stock 105 -- 7.3 Developments Of The Residential Building Stock 108 -- 7.4 Current Policies And Incentives 110 -- 7.5 Current Barriers 111 -- 7.6 Future Policies And Incentives 113 -- 7.7 Recommendations 115 -- References 119 -- Appendix A Non-residential Building Stock 143 -- A.1 Introduction 143 -- A.2 Ownership Structure And Stakeholders 144 -- A.3 Building Types And Relationships To Tenure 145 -- A.4 Age Of The Non-residential Building Stock 147 -- A.5 Reference Buildings 150 -- A.6 Energy Use 151 -- A.7 Quality Of The Building Envelope In The Non-residential -- Building Stock 156 -- A.8 Building Services 159 -- A.9 Renovation Activities 161 -- A.10 Summary And Conclusions 163 -- Appendix B Modernisation And Renovation Research 165 --^ B.1 Introduction 165 -- B.2 Main Focus Of Sustainable Renovation Research 165 -- B.3 European Research Projects. 165 -- B.4 Major Ongoing And Future Research In The Field Of -- Renovation 170 -- B.4.1 Main Current And Future Research Programmes 170 -- B.4.2 Research Orientation, Funding And Research Developing -- Organisations And Future Themes. 173 -- B.5 Concluding Remarks. 175. Laure Itard, Frits Meijer. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 119-141). Based on a search and inventory of data on the existing northern-European building stock and related policy developments, this book offers a realistic image of what is really known about the quality of the building stock, the type of renovation activities that are undertaken and the policies being implemented