Tobacco in History and Culture An Encyclopedia Voulme 2 Native Americans - Zimbabwe

Tobacco in History and Culture explores how tobacco became one of the most important commodities in the history of world trade and the source of one of the biggest public health concerns in modern history. Originally used by Native Americans for medicinal, religious and social purposes, tobacco quickly became the biggest export from the American colonies. By the mid-1990s, more than 14 billion pounds of tobacco leaf were grown worldwide each year, with international treaties governing its advertising and distribution. It has affected agriculture, religion, social customs, business and trade, government policy and medicine in many countries. The unique and innovative reference work presents entries on all aspects of tobacco and from a global perspective, providing support for assignments at many levels and in a variety of fields, including history, economics, government and health. Tobacco in History and Culture is the first set in a new reference line, the Scribner Turning Points Library. Future titles will explore other discoveries and historical events that have changed the direction of human societies worldwide, whether through sudden upheavals or gradual evolution. (20050801) Introduction Timeline Addiction Additives Advertising Advertising restrictions Africa Age Air travel Alcochol, tobacco, and other drugs American Tobacco Company Antismoking movement before 1950 Antismoking movement in France Antismoking movement post 1950 Appetite Archaeology Architecture Arents collection Bad habits in America Black Patch War Body Botany (history) Brazil British American tobacco Calumets Camel Cancer Caribbean Chemistry of tobacco and tobacco smoke Chesapeake region Chewing tobacco China Christianity Cigarettes Cigars Class Connoisseurship Consumption (demographics) Cuba Developing countries Disease and morality Dutch Empire Ethnicity Film Fire safety French Empire Genetic modification Gitanes/Gauloises Globalization Gods Hallucinogens Industrialization and technology Insurance Intellectuals Iranian tobacco protest movement Islam Japan Judaism Kentucky Kretek Labor "Light" and filtered cigarettes Literature Litigation Lobbying Lucky strike Marketing Marlboro Medical evidence (cause and effect) Menthol cigarettes Mexico Middle East Missionaries Music, classical Music, popular V. 2: Introduction Timeline Native Americans Nazi Germany New deal Nicotine Oceania Opium Origin and diffusion Ostracism Philip Morris Philippines Pipes Plantations Politics Portuguese Empire Processing Product design Prohibitions Psychology and smoking behavior Public relations Quitting Quitting medications Regulation of tobacco products in the United States Retailing "Safe" cigarette Sailors Secondhand smoke Sexual politics Shamanism Sharecroppers Slavery and slave trade Smoking clubs and rooms Smoking restrictions Smuggling and contraband Snuff Social and cultural uses Soldiers South and Central America South Asia South East Asia Spain and its empire Sponsorship Sports State monopolies Taxation Therapeutic uses Tobacco as an ornamental plant Tobacco control in Australia Tobacco control in the United Kingdom Tobacco industry science Tobacco mosaic virus Toxins Trade United States agriculture Virginia Slims Visual arts Warning labels Youth marketing Youth tobacco use Zimbabwe Contents......Page 5 Timeline......Page 7 Native Americans......Page 11 Nazi Germany......Page 18 New Deal......Page 21 Nicotine......Page 23 Oceania......Page 29 Opium......Page 32 Origin and Diffusion......Page 33 Ostracism......Page 39 Philip Morris......Page 42 Philippines......Page 45 Pipes......Page 49 Plantations......Page 58 Politics......Page 63 Portuguese Empire......Page 75 Processing......Page 82 Product Design......Page 85 Prohibitions......Page 91 Psychology and Smoking Behavior......Page 102 Public Relations......Page 108 Quitting......Page 115 Quitting Medications......Page 122 Regulation of Tobacco Products in the United States......Page 125 Retailing......Page 130 “Safer” Cigarettes......Page 138 Sailors......Page 142 Secondhand Smoke......Page 145 Shamanism......Page 150 Sharecroppers......Page 155 Slavery and Slave Trade......Page 158 Smoking Clubs and Rooms......Page 166 Smoking Restrictions......Page 168 Smuggling and Contraband......Page 175 Snuff......Page 180 Social and Cultural Uses......Page 184 Soldiers......Page 201 South and Central America......Page 203 South Asia......Page 208 South East Asia......Page 212 Spanish Empire......Page 218 Sponsorship......Page 226 Sports......Page 230 State Tobacco Monopolies......Page 232 Taxation......Page 236 Therapeutic Uses......Page 242 Tobacco as an Ornamental Plant......Page 249 Tobacco Control in Australia......Page 252 Tobacco Control in the United Kingdom......Page 255 Tobacco Industry Science......Page 258 Tobacco Mosaic Virus......Page 261 Toxins......Page 263 Trade......Page 267 United States Agriculture......Page 285 Virginia Slims......Page 294 Visual Arts......Page 296 Warning Labels......Page 305 Women......Page 309 Youth Marketing......Page 318 Youth Tobacco Use......Page 323 Zimbabwe......Page 327 Contributors List......Page 331 Color Insert......Page 335 Index......Page 343 Tobacco in History and Culture explores how tobacco became one of the most important commodities in the history of world trade and the source of one of the biggest public health concerns in modern history. Originally used by Native Americans for medicinal, religious and social purposes, tobacco quickly became the biggest export from the American colonies. By the mid-1990s, more than 14 billion pounds of tobacco leaf were grown worldwide each year, with international treaties governing its advertising and distribution. It has affected agriculture, religion, social customs, business and trade, government policy and medicine in many countries. The unique and innovative reference work presents entries on all aspects of tobacco and from a global perspective, providing support for assignments at many levels and in a variety of fields, including history, economics, government and health. Tobacco in History and Culture is the first set in a new reference line, the Scribner Turning Points Library. Future titles will explore other discoveries and historical events that have changed the direction of human societies worldwide, whether through sudden upheavals or gradual evolution.While Gale strives to replicate print content, some content may not be available due to rights restrictions.Call your Sales Rep for details. Contents 5 Timeline 7 N 11 Native Americans 11 Nazi Germany 18 New Deal 21 Nicotine 23 O 29 Oceania 29 Opium 32 Origin and Diffusion 33 Ostracism 39 P 42 Philip Morris 42 Philippines 45 Pipes 49 Plantations 58 Politics 63 Portuguese Empire 75 Processing 82 Product Design 85 Prohibitions 91 Psychology and Smoking Behavior 102 Public Relations 108 Q 115 Quitting 115 Quitting Medications 122 R 125 Regulation of Tobacco Products in the United States 125 Retailing 130 S 138 “Safer” Cigarettes 138 Sailors 142 Secondhand Smoke 145 Shamanism 150 Sharecroppers 155 Slavery and Slave Trade 158 Smoking Clubs and Rooms 166 Smoking Restrictions 168 Smuggling and Contraband 175 Snuff 180 Social and Cultural Uses 184 Soldiers 201 South and Central America 203 South Asia 208 South East Asia 212 Spanish Empire 218 Sponsorship 226 Sports 230 State Tobacco Monopolies 232 T 236 Taxation 236 Therapeutic Uses 242 Tobacco as an Ornamental Plant 249 Tobacco Control in Australia 252 Tobacco Control in the United Kingdom 255 Tobacco Industry Science 258 Tobacco Mosaic Virus 261 Toxins 263 Trade 267 U 285 United States Agriculture 285 V 294 Virginia Slims 294 Visual Arts 296 W 305 Warning Labels 305 Women 309 Y 318 Youth Marketing 318 Youth Tobacco Use 323 Z 327 Zimbabwe 327 Contributors List 331 Color Insert 335 Index 343 Annotation "Tobacco in History and Culture explores how tobacco became one of the most important commodities in the history of world trade and the source of one of the biggest public health concerns in modern history. Originally used by Native Americans for medicinal, religious and social purposes, tobacco quickly became the biggest export from the American colonies. By the mid-1990s, more than 14 billion pounds of tobacco leaf were grown worldwide each year, with international treaties governing its advertising and distribution. It has affected agriculture, religion, social customs, business and trade, government policy and medicine in many countries. The unique and innovative reference work presents entries on all aspects of tobacco and from a global perspective, providing support for assignments at many levels and in a variety of fields, including history, economics, government and health. "Tobacco in History and Culture is the first set in a new reference line, the "Scribner Turning Points Library. Future titles will explore other discoveries and historical events that have changed the direction of human societies worldwide, whether through sudden upheavals or gradual evolution Tobacco In History And Culture Explores How Tobacco Became One Of The Most Important Commodities In The History Of World Trade And The Source Of One Of The Biggest Public Health Concerns In Modern History. Originally Used By Native Americans For Medicinal, Religious And Social Purposes, Tobacco Quickly Became The Biggest Export From The American Colonies. By The Mid-1990s, More Than 14 Billion Pounds Of Tobacco Leaf Were Grown Worldwide Each Year, With International Treaties Governing Its Advertising And Distribution. It Has Affected Agriculture, Religion, Social Customs, Business And Trade, Government Policy And Medicine In Many Countries. The Unique And Innovative Reference Work Presents Entries On All Aspects Of Tobacco And From A Global Perspective, Providing Support For Assignments At Many Levels And In A Variety Of Fields, Including History, Economics, Government And Health. V. 1. Addiction--music, Popular -- V. 2. Native Americans--zimbabwe ; Index. Jordan Goodman, Editor In Chief. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. A two-volume survey of how tobacco became one of the most important commodities in the history of world trade and the source of one of the biggest public health concerns in modern history. Presents 136 alphabetically arranged entries on all aspects of tobacco. Illustrated with graphs, charts, drawings and photographs. For high school and college students as well as general readers __Tobacco in History and Culture__ __Tobacco in History and Culture__ is the first set in a new reference line, the Scribner Turning Points Library. Future titles will explore other discoveries and historical events that have changed the direction of human societies worldwide, whether through sudden upheavals or gradual evolution. (20050801)