Things with a History : Transcultural Materialism and the Literatures of Extraction in Contemporary Latin America

"The 'New Materialism,' as developed by such thinkers and critics as Bruno Latour, Jane Bennett, Elizabeth Grosz, and others, have provided new ways of thinking about the relationship of humans to the material world, the division of nature and culture, and nonhuman agency. Despite the political urgency found in many of these thinkers' work, it often sidesteps certain social and economic concerns found in historical materialism and Marxism such as extraction, accumulation, or commodity fetishism, all of which have been central to Latin American history and literature. In Things with a History: Transcultural Materialism in Latin America, Hector Hoyos argues that recent Latin American fiction offers a way to integrate various materialisms, old and new, to understand how objects shape social and political relations and how narrative and literary form allow us to rethink our place within the material world. In each chapter, Hoyos examines a specific material configuration crucial to understanding the contemporary. In his discussions of novels since 1989 but also looking back to earlier moments in Latin American literature, Hoyos considers, among other subjects, the desire for control over natural resources and how literary form confronts both the ungraspable vastness of earth or the unfathomable smallness of the sub-atomic. Hoyos combines close readings of authors like Roberto Bolano, Blanca Wiethuchter, Cesar Aria, and Alejandro Zambra with an engagement with theorists such as Jane Bennett, Tim Morton, Karl Marx, and Julia Kristeva to provide a model to invigorate traditional ideology and cultural critique with the powerful insights of new materialism"-- Provided by publisher Can rubber trees, silicone dolls, corpses, soil, subatomic particles, designer shoes, and discarded computers become the protagonists of contemporary literature—and what does this tell us about the relationship between humans and objects? In Things with a History , Héctor Hoyos argues that the roles of objects in recent Latin American fiction offer a way to integrate materialisms old and new, transforming our understanding of how things shape social and political relations. Discussing contemporary authors including Roberto Bolaño, Ariel Magnus, César Aira, and Blanca Wiethüchter as well as classic writers such as Fernando Ortiz and José Eustasio Rivera, Hoyos considers how Latin American literature has cast things as repositories of history, with an emphasis on the radically transformed circulation of artifacts under globalization. He traces a tradition of thought, transcultural materialism, that draws from the capacity of literary language to defamiliarize our place within the tangible world. Hoyos contrasts new materialisms with historical-materialist approaches, exposing how recent tendencies sometimes sidestep concepts such as primitive accumulation, commodity fetishism, and conspicuous consumption, which have been central to Latin American history and literature. He contends that an integrative approach informed by both historical and new materialisms can balance seeing things as a means to reveal the true nature of social relations with appraisals of things in their autonomy. Things with a History simultaneously offers a sweeping account of the material turn in recent Latin American culture and reinvigorates social theory and cultural critique. Héctor Hoyos is associate professor of Latin American literature and culture at Stanford University. He is the author of Beyond Bolaño: The Global Latin American Novel (Columbia, 2015). LIT004100,Literary Criticism/Caribbean & Latin American,LIT006000,Literary Criticism/Semiotics & Theory