Theory of High Temperature Superconductivity (Fundamental Theories of Physics Book 121)

Flux quantization experiments indicate that the carriers, Cooper pairs (pairons), in the supercurrent have charge magnitude 2e, and that they move independently. Josephson interference in a Superconducting Quantum Int- ference Device (SQUID) shows that the centers of masses (CM) of pairons move as bosons with a linear dispersion relation. Based on this evidence we develop a theory of superconductivity in conventional and mate- als from a unified point of view. Following Bardeen, Cooper and Schrieffer (BCS) we regard the phonon exchange attraction as the cause of superc- ductivity. For cuprate superconductors, however, we take account of both optical- and acoustic-phonon exchange. BCS started with a Hamiltonian containing “electron” and “hole” kinetic energies and a pairing interaction with the phonon variables eliminated. These “electrons” and “holes” were introduced formally in terms of a free-electron model, which we consider unsatisfactory. We define “electrons” and “holes” in terms of the cur- tures of the Fermi surface. “Electrons” (1) and “holes” (2) are different and so they are assigned with different effective masses: Blatt, Schafroth and Butler proposed to explain superconductivity in terms of a Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) of electron pairs, each having mass M and a size. The system of free massive bosons, having a quadratic dispersion relation: and moving in three dimensions (3D) undergoes a BEC transition at where is the pair density. Introduction....Pages 1-18 Superconducting Transition....Pages 19-25 Bloch Electrons....Pages 27-44 Phonon-Exchange Attraction....Pages 45-58 Quantum Statistical Theory....Pages 59-63 Cooper Pairs (Pairons)....Pages 65-76 Superconductors at 0 K....Pages 77-93 Quantum Statistics of Composites....Pages 95-106 Bose-Einstein Condensation....Pages 107-121 The Energy Gap Equations....Pages 123-132 Pairon Energy Gaps. Heat Capacity....Pages 133-146 Quantum Tunneling....Pages 147-161 Flux Quantization....Pages 163-180 Ginzburg-Landau Theory....Pages 181-191 Josephson Effects....Pages 193-206 Compound Superconductors....Pages 207-216 Lattice Structures of Cuprates....Pages 217-225 High-T c Superconductors Below T c ....Pages 227-239 Doping Dependence of T c ....Pages 241-248 Transport Properties Above T c ....Pages 249-258 Out-of-Plane Transport....Pages 259-267 Seebeck Coefficient (Thermopower)....Pages 269-283 Magnetic Susceptibility....Pages 285-294 Infrared Hall Effect....Pages 295-305 d-Wave Cooper Pairs....Pages 307-310 Connection with Other Theories....Pages 311-323 Summary and Remarks....Pages 325-332 Theory of High Temperature Superconductivity Author: Shigeji Fujita, Salvador Godoy Published by Springer Netherlands ISBN: 978-1-4020-0149-9 DOI: 10.1007/0-306-48216-9 Table of Contents: Introduction Superconducting Transition Bloch Electrons Phonon-Exchange Attraction Quantum Statistical Theory Cooper Pairs (Pairons) Superconductors at 0 K Quantum Statistics of Composites Bose-Einstein Condensation The Energy Gap Equations Pairon Energy Gaps. Heat Capacity Quantum Tunneling Flux Quantization Ginzburg-Landau Theory Josephson Effects Compound Superconductors Lattice Structures of Cuprates High-Tc Superconductors Below Tc Doping Dependence of T Transport Properties Above T The Book Describes All Basic Experimental Facts About High Temperature Superconductivity Of Materials, With A Critical Temperature Of 30 Kelvin And Higher, And Explains Them Microscopically Starting With A Hamiltonian Followed By Step-by-step Statistical Mechanical Calculations. All Important Theoretical Formulas Are Derived Without Omitting Steps And All Basic Questions Are Answered In A Manner Which Is Easy To Understand. The Book Is Therefore Suitable As A Textbook For A Second-year Graduate Physics Course. Many Fresh, And Some Challenging, Ideas Are Presented And Researches In The Field Are Invited To Examine The Text. Edited By Shigeji Fujita, Salvador Godoy. In this chapter we describe basic properties of a superconductor, occurrence of superconductors, theoretical background, and kinetic theory of conduction electrons.