Theory And Problems of Fluid Dynamics

Theory and Problems of Fluid Dynamics explains various dimensions of fluids, fluid statics, and dynamics of fluids. It includes the issues that are related to fluid dynamics and solutions to overcome those problems. Magnetohydrodynamics has been described in detail with different theorems and motions. The chapters in this book are arranged in a progressive and educational format, aimed at leading readers from the simplest basics to more complex matters like turbulence and magnetohydrodynamics. Cover Half Title Page Title Page Copyright Page About the Editor Table of Contents List of Symbols Peface Chapter 1 Fluids 1.1. Fluids Definition and Classification 1.2. Density, Specific Weight, and Specific Gravity 1.3. Pressure and Specific Volume 1.4. Equations of State 1.5. Bulk Modulus 1.6. Dynamic and Kinematic Viscosity 1.7. Surface Tension 1.8. Capillary Action 1.9. Vapor Pressure 1.10. Exercises Chapter 2 Fluid Statics 2.1. Static Pressure and Variation Within a Fluid 2.2. Pressure Variation In Compressible Fluids 2.3. Forces Acting on Surfaces by Static Fluids 2.4. Pressure Center 2.5. Force Analysis In Case of Curved Surface Submerged in a Liquid 2.6. How to Measure Pressure 2.7. Manometers 2.8. Buoyancy, Law of Floatation and Floating Bodies 2.9. Relative Motion in Fluids 2.10. Metacenter Height 2.11. Exercises Chapter 3 Kinematics of Flow 3.1. Flow Variables and Classifications 3.2. Steady Flow 3.3. Uniform Flow 3.4. Elements of a Particle In Motion 3.5. Equation of Continuity 3.6. Exercises Chapter 4 Dynamics of Flow 4.1. Forces 4.2. Equation of Motion in Streamline Coordinates 4.3. The Equation of Motion in an Inviscid Flow 4.4. Velocity Potential 4.5. Velocity Potential Versus Stream Function 4.6. Flow Nets 4.7. Exercises Chapter 5 Bernoulli’s Theorem 5.1. Deduction of Bernoulli’s Theorem, Modifications, and Application 5.2. Coefficient of Flow 5.3. Venturimeter and Orifice Meter 5.4. Orifice Meter/Plate 5.5. Inflow and Outflow 5.6. Coefficient 5.7. Time Relation in Discharging Liquids 5.8. Loses of Head In Flowing Fluids 5.9. Weirs and Notches 5.10. Velocity of Approach 5.11. Siphon Spillway (Figure 5.20) 5.12. Broad – Crested Weir 5.13. Submerged Weir (Figure 5.22) 5.14. Sluice Gates (Figure 5.23) 5.15. Borda’s Mouthpieces (Figure 5.24) Chapter 6 Force and Momentum 6.1. Introduction 6.2. Impact of Jets 6.3. Forces on Bends 6.4. Rockets Motion 6.5. Jet Propulsion 6.6. Loss of Energy in Pipe Expansion 6.7. Lawn Sprinklers 6.8. Pelton Wheel 6.9. Reaction Turbines Chapter 7 Irrotational Flow 7.1. General Motion of a Fluid Element 7.2. Uniform Flow 7.3. Plane Potential Flow in Polar Coordinates Chapter 8 Laminar Motion 8.1. Introduction 8.2. Shear Stresses 8.3. Navier-Stokes Equations and Solutions 8.4. Flow Between Horizontal Parallel Plates 8.5. Flow Between Two Plates With X-Axis Along the Lower Plate 8.6. Couette Flow 8.7. Combined Hagen-Poiseuille and Couette Flows 8.8. Hagen-Poiseuille Flow in Cylindrical Tubes 8.9. Laminar Flow in an Annulus Area 8.10. Rotating Cylinders 8.11. Reynolds Number and Stability Parameters 8.12. Stability Parameter 8.13. Stability Curves 8.14. Laminar Boundary Layer 8.15. Boundary Layer Thickness 8.16. Displacement Thickness Chapter 9 Turbulent Flow 9.1. Characteristics of Turbulence and Classification 9.2. Reynolds Equation 9.3. Derivation For Mean Turbulent Flow 9.4. Characteristics of Turbulence 9.5. Turbulent Boundary Layer 9.6. General Logarithm Formulation 9.7. Momentum Equation 9.8. Turbulent Flow In Pipes 9.9. Exercises Chapter 10 Flow Through Pipes 10.1. Friction In Pipes and Flow In Pipes 10.2. Reynolds Experiment 10.3. Distribution of Velocity in a Pipe 10.4. Steady Flow and Losses in Pipes 10.5. Head Loss in Pipe and Fittings 10.6. Hydraulic and Energy Gradients 10.7. Problems in Pipe Flow 10.8. Pipe Network 10.9. Transmission of Power In Pipes 10.10. Unsteady Flow in Pipes 10.11. Water Hammer Blow in Pipes 10.12. Effect of Pipe Elasticity on Hammer Blow 10.13. Oscillations of Liquid Column in a U-Tube 10.14. Surge Tanks 10.15. Exercises Chapter 11 Flow Through Channels 11.1. Open Channels and Flow 11.2. Expression for The Flow in Open Channels 11.3. Manning’s Formula 11.4. Types of Channels and Discharge 11.5. Variation of Velocity Over The Cross Section of a Channel 11.6. Hydraulic Jump 11.7. Specific Energy of a Channel’s Cross Section 11.8. Exercises Chapter 12 Compressible Flow 12.1. Introduction 12.2. Gas Laws And Work Done 12.3. Application of Law of Conservation of Energy 12.4. Enthalpy and Entropy 12.5. Velocity of Pressure Wave In Fluid 12.6. Variation of Atmospheric Pressure With Altitude 12.7. Speed of Sound And Mach Number 12.8. Compressible Flow – One Dimensional Flow 12.9. Normal Shock Wave 12.10. Compressible Flow In A Pipe With Friction 12.11. Mach Number Relations 12.12. Exercises Chapter 13 Dimensional Analysis 13.1. Introduction 13.2. Fundamental Units of Dimensions 13.3. Summation of Quantities Chapter 14 Fluid Power 14.1. Introduction 14.2. Definitions, Coefficient, And Power Calculations 14.3. Properties of Fluids In Hydraulics 14.4. Elements of Power Hydraulics Index