Theories of Counseling and Psychotherapy: A Case Approach (The Merrill Counseling Series)

Using case studies, applied examples, original source material, and her own inimitable pedagogical style, Nancy Murdock succinctly elucidates fifteen of the most influential and ground-breaking theories of psychotherapy and counseling. With this articulate guide to counseling theory, students will grasp complicated historical theory and not only understand the historical footing and uses of each, but will learn how these theories have informed each other and contributed to modern practice, while applying it to their own professional counseling experience. Examining the historical roots, evaluations, and lasting effects of Existential, Gestalt, Behavior, Cognitive, Reality, Feminist, Family, Narrative, and Solution-Focused Therapy and much more, this text equips students with the history and application necessary to bring theory to life. Note: this is the standalone book. Cover Title Page Copyright Page Dedication Preface Acknowledgments Brief Contents Contents Chapter 1 Theory Is a Good Thing What is Theory? What is Psychotherapy? Why Bother With Theory? Theory Is Fun Theory Works Theory Is Essential to Human Life Counselors Who Don't Use Theory May Get Lost Your Task: Find Your Map Characteristics of Good Theory Precision and Testability Empirical Support Parsimony Stimulation Practicality So How do i Choose a Theory? What About Me? How to Use Theory Ethics: The Role of Professional Values and Standards Client Welfare Informed Consent Confidentiality Competence Multiple Relationships The Critical Question: How to Decide? How Theory is Presented in This TEXT A Case Study Background Basic Philosophy Human Motivation Central Constructs Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Process of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Evaluation of the Theory Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity The Case Study Another Resource FOR Learning to Use Theory Closing Remark Chapter 2 Psychoanalysis Background Basic Philosophy Human Motivation Central Constructs Instinct Theory Topographic Model: The Iceberg Approach Structural Model: The Big Three Repression Symptoms as Symbols Defense Mechanisms Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Assessment Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere Roles of Client and Counselor Goals Process of Therapy Insight Resistance Transference Countertransference Phases of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Free Association Interpretation Analysis of the Resistance Dream Analysis Analysis of the Transference Evaluation of the Theory Qualities of the Theory Research Support Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity The Case Study Chapter 3 Neoanalytic Approaches Background Ego Psychology: Id Loses the Limelight Temporarily Overview Central Constructs Theory of the Person Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Process of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Object Relations: The Lego Approach Overview Central Constructs Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Process of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Self Psychology-It's All About Me Overview Central Constructs Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Process of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Relational Psychoanalysis Overview Central Constructs Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Process of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Evaluation of Neoanalytic Approaches Qualities of the Theory Research Support Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity The Case Study Chapter 4 Individual Psychology Background Basic Philosophy Human Motivation Central Constructs Lifestyle Social Interest Inferiority Feelings Basic Tasks Basic Mistakes Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Assessment Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere Roles of Client and Counselor Goals Process of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Interpretation Encouragement Natural and Logical Consequences Acting as If Pushing the Button Catching Oneself Creating Images Pleasing Someone Paradoxical Intention Evaluation of the Theory Qualities of the Theory Research Support Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity The Case Study Chapter 5 Person-Centered Therapy Background Basic Philosophy Human Motivation Central Constructs Experience Actualizing Tendency Organismic Valuing Process Self Self-Actualizing Tendency Need for Positive Regard and Self-Regard Conditions of Worth Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Assessment Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere Roles of Client and Counselor Goals Process of Therapy Congruence Unconditional Positive Regard Empathy A Fourth Condition? Stages of the Therapeutic Process Therapeutic Techniques Evaluation of the Theory Qualities of the Theory Research Support Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity The Case Study Chapter 6 Existential Therapy Background Basic Philosophy Human Motivation Central Constructs Modes of Being Anxiety The Ultimate Concerns Defenses Theory Of The Person And Development Of The Individual Health And Dysfunction Nature Of Therapy Assessment Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere Roles of Client and Counselor Goals Process Of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Socratic Dialogue Bracketing Attention to Nonverbal Behavior Self-Disclosure Paradoxical Intention Dereflection Dream Analysis Guided Fantasy Evaluation Of The Theory Qualities of the Theory Research Support Issues Of Individual And Cultural Diversity The Case Study Chapter 7 Gestalt Therapy Background Basic Philosophy Human Motivation Central Constructs Contact Needs Polarities Contact Disturbance Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Assessment Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere Roles of Client and Counselor Goals Process of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Experiments Therapist Self-Disclosure Dialogues Playing the Projection Exaggeration Reversals Dream Work Working with Polarities Awareness Training or Bodywork Evaluation of the Theory Qualities of the Theory Research Support Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity The Case Study Chapter 8 Behavior Therapy Background Basic Philosophy Human Motivation Central Constructs Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Observational Learning Theory Of The Person And Development Of The Individual Health And Dysfunction Nature Of Therapy Assessment Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere Roles of Client and Counselor Goals Process Of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Relaxation Training Exposure Therapy Systematic Desensitization Aversive Techniques Shaping Reinforcement Differential Reinforcement Extinction Punishment Assertiveness Training Stimulus Control Covert Conditioning Modeling Behavioral Self-Control Evaluation Of The Theory Qualities of the Theory Research Support Issues Of Individual And Cultural Diversity The Case Study Chapter 9 Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy Background Basic Philosophy Human Motivation Central Constructs ABCs Beliefs Goals Human Worth Ratings and USA Secondary Disturbances Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Assessment Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere Roles of Client and Counselor Goals Process of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Disputing Bibliotherapy Proselytizing Recordings Reframing Stop and Monitor Rational Coping Statements Rational Emotive Imagery Flamboyant Therapist Actions Humor Role Playing Rational-Irrational Dialogues Reinforcements and Penalties Skill Training In Vivo Desensitization Acting on Rational Beliefs Homework Shame Attacking Evaluation of the Theory Qualities of the Theory Research Support Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity The Case Study Chapter 10 Cognitive Therapy Background Basic Philosophy Human Motivation Central Constructs The Cognitive Model Schemas Beliefs Automatic Thoughts Modes Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Assessment Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere Roles of Client and Counselor Goals Process of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Questioning Downward Arrow Thought Recording Behavioral Experiments Activity Scheduling Graded Tasks Social Skills Training Problem Solving Imagery Role Playing and Other Behaviorally Oriented Techniques Evaluation of the Theory Qualities of the Theory Research Support Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity The Case Study Chapter 11 Reality Therapy Background Basic Philosophy Human Motivation Central Constructs Basic Needs Quality World Total Behavior Choice Theory Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Assessment Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere Roles of Client and Counselor Goals Process of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Questioning Bibliotherapy Doing the Unexpected Reframing Humor Self-Disclosure Metaphors Physical Activity and Meditation Allowing or Imposing Consequences Evaluation of the Theory Qualities of the Theory Research Support Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity The Case Study Chapter 12 Feminist Therapy Background Basic Philosophy Human Motivation Central Constructs Gender The Personal Is Political Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Assessment Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere Roles of Client and Counselor Goals Process of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Gender-Role and Power Analysis Self-Disclosure Assertiveness Training Bibliotherapy Evaluation of the Theory Qualities of the Theory Research Support Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity The Case Study Chapter 13 Family Systems Theory Background The Satir Approach Overview Central Constructs Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Process of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Structural family Therapy Overview Central Constructs Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Process of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Strategic Therapy Overview Central Constructs Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Process of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Bowen Family Systems Theory Overview Central Constructs Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Process of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Evaluation of the Family Systems Approaches Qualities of the Theory Research Support Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity The Case Study Chapter 14 Solution-Focused Therapy Background Basic Philosophy Human Motivation Central Constructs Exceptions Change Talk Solutions Strengths and Resources Theory Of The Person And Development Of The Individual Health And Dysfunction Nature Of Therapy Assessment Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere Roles of Client and Counselor Goals Process Of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Questions Normalizing the Problem Compliments Miracle Question Scaling Questions Fast-Forward Questions Asking About the Problem Externalizing First Session Formula Task Generic Task Breaking Patterns Surprise Task Write, Read, and Burn Structured Fight Do Something Different Solution-Oriented Hypnosis Evaluation Of The Theory Qualities of the Theory Research Support Issues Of Individual And Cultural Diversity The Case Study Chapter 15 Narative Therapy Background Basic Philosophy Human Motivation Central Constructs Stories Thinness and Thickness Unique Outcomes Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Assessment Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere Roles of Client and Counselor Goals Process of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Questioning Double Listening Outsider Witness Practices Taking It Back Practices Written Artifacts Evaluation of the Theory Qualities of the Theory Research Support Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity The Case Study Chapter 16 Mindfulnes Approaches Background Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Overview Central Constructs Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Process of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Dialectical Behavior Therapy Overview Central Constructs Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual Health and Dysfunction Nature of Therapy Process of Therapy Therapeutic Techniques Evaluation of Mindfulness Approaches Qualities of the Theory Research Support Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity The Case Study Chapter 17 Conclusion Is This a Good Theory? Empirical Support Stimulating Practical Your Philosophical Assumptions Your Beliefs About Human Behavior Your Personal Style: Approach and Technique The Role of Your Clients: Diversity is Here to Stay Eclectic and Integrative Approaches to Psychotherapy The Contextual Model Conclusion Name Index A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z Subject Index A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z