Theoretical Computer Science : 39th National Conference of Theoretical Computer Science, NCTCS 2021, Yinchuan, China, July 23–25, 2021, Revised Selected Papers

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 39th National Conference of Theoretical Computer Science, NCTCS 2021, held in Yinchuan, China, in July 2021. The 67 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 145 submissions, and 14 of them were selected for the volume. The papers present recent research in the areas of information hiding, data detection and recognition, system scheduling, time series prediction, and formal analysis. Preface Organization Contents Information Hiding Research on Adaptive Video Steganography Algorithm for Clustering and Dispersing DCT Coefficient Difference Histogram 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Framework of the Algorithm 2.1 Analysis of Embedding Position 2.2 Histogram Aggregation and Dispersion 2.3 Optimal Embedding Volume 2.4 K-Means Algorithm Improvements 3 Algorithm Design 3.1 Information Embedding 4 Analysis of Experimental Results 4.1 Invisible and Bit Growth Rate Analysis 4.2 Embedded Capacity and Security Analysis 5 Conclusion References Coverless Image Information Hiding Based on Deep Convolution Features 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Image Information Hiding Without Carrier Based on DenseNet 3.1 Binary Hashing Algorithm Based on DenseNet 3.2 The Establishment of Inverted Index 3.3 Hiding and Extraction of Secret Information 4 Experimental Results and Analysis 4.1 Data Set 4.2 Experimental Analysis 5 Conclusion References Data Detection and Recognition Fusion and Visualization Design of Violence Detection and Geographic Video 1 Introduction 2 Mapping of Image Spatial Information to Geographic Space 3 Violence Detection and Its Location Information Representation 3.1 SlowFast Action Recognition 3.2 Action Detection 3.3 Extraction and Mapping of Behavior Subject Location Information 4 Experiment 4.1 Acquisition of the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Matrices 4.2 Construction of Action Detection Model 4.3 Alignment of Geographic Information 5 Results 5.1 Fusion of Violence Detection and Geospatial Information 5.2 Spatial Information Fusion Visualization References A New RGB-D Gesture Video Dataset and Its Benchmark Evaluations on Light-Weighted Networks 1 Introduction 2 Design Principles of DG-20 2.1 Overview of DG-20 Dataset 2.2 Methods and Principles of Data Collection 2.3 Storage of Dataset 3 Evaluation 3.1 Introduction of 3D MobileNet and 3D ShuffleNet 3.2 Experimental Setup 3.3 Benchmark Results on DG-20 4 Conclusion References The High Precision Real-Time Facial Landmark Detection Technique Based on ShufflenetV2 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Network Model Design 2.2 Loss Function Design 2.3 Pruning Design 3 Experiment 3.1 Environment and Parameter Setting 3.2 Performance Metrics 3.3 Training 3.4 Prunning 4 Conclusion References System Scheduling Computation Tree Logic Model Checking over Possibilistic Decision Processes Under Finite-Memory Scheduler 1 Introduction 2 Preliminaries 3 Generalized Possibilistic Decision Processes 4 Generalized Possibilistic Computation Tree Logic with Schedulers 5 Model Checking of GPoCTL Under Finite-Memory Schedulers 5.1 Model Checking Under Finite-Memory Schedulers 5.2 Model Checking Under Memoryless Schedulers 6 Optimal Scheduler Based on Entropy-Weight TOPSIS 7 Illustrative Example 8 Conclusions References A Survey of Real-Time Scheduling on Multiprocessor Systems 1 Introduction 2 Basic Concepts and Notations 2.1 Task and Job 2.2 Hard Real-Time and Soft Real-Time 2.3 Periodic and Sporadic 2.4 Constrained, Implicit and Arbitrary Deadline 2.5 Fixed Job Priority, Fixed Task Priority and Dynamic Priority 2.6 Preemptive and Non-preemptive 2.7 Schedulable and Feasible 2.8 Algorithm and Schedulability Test 2.9 Demand Bound Function 3 Measurement 3.1 Utilization Bound 3.2 Dominance, Equivalence and Incomparable 3.3 Speedup Factor 3.4 Capacity Augmentation Bound 3.5 Approximation Ratio 3.6 Empirical Methods 4 Scheduling on Sequential Task System 4.1 Implicit Deadline 4.2 Constrained and Arbitrary Deadline 5 Hybrid Approaches 5.1 Federated Scheduling 5.2 Semi-federated Scheduling 5.3 Reservation-Based Federated Scheduling 6 Scheduling on Special Task Models 6.1 Gang Task Model 6.2 DAG Task Model 6.3 AVR Task Model 6.4 Task System with Affinity Masks 6.5 Mixed-Criticality Task Model 6.6 Task System with Parallelization Options 6.7 Resource-Oriented Task System 7 Conclusions References Encryption Traceability Scheme Based on SGX and Blockchain 1 Introduction 2 Preliminaries 2.1 Blockchain 2.2 Traceability System Based on Blockchain 2.3 Off-Chain Contract 3 The Project Design 3.1 Analysis of the Traceability System Scheme Based on Blockchain 3.2 Encryption Traceability Scheme Based on SGX and Blockchain 4 Performance Evaluation of the Scheme 4.1 Solution Function Analysis 4.2 Scheme Performance Analysis 4.3 Solution Security Analysis 5 Conclusion References Time Series Prediction A Load Forecasting Method of Power Grid Host Based on SARIMA-GRU Model 1 Introduction 2 Methods and Models 2.1 SARIMA 2.2 GRU 2.3 SARIMA-GRU 2.4 Seasonal Decomposition Algorithm 3 Experiment and Analysis 3.1 Datasets 3.2 Experimental Setup 3.3 Experimental Preprocessing 3.4 Experimental Results 4 Conclusion References DWAFE: Achieve Accurate AIOps Fault Early Warning 1 Introduction 2 System Model 2.1 Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) Model 2.2 Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) 2.3 ELM Model Optimized by Exponentially Weighted Firefly Algorithm (EWFA-ELM) 2.4 DWAFE Model 2.5 Dynamic Threshold Setting Mechanism 3 Experiment 3.1 Dataset Description 3.2 Data Cleaning 3.3 Modeling Process 4 Experimental Results and Analysis 4.1 Comparison Between FA-ELM and EWFA-ELM 4.2 Comparison Between DWAFE and Base Models 5 Conclusion and Prospect References Formal Analysis The Distribution of Edge-Frequencies Computed with Frequency Quadrilaterals for Traveling Salesman Problem 1 Introduction 2 Distribution of All Edge-Frequencies 3 Distribution of the OHC Edge-Frequencies 4 Experiments and Analysis 4.1 Change of the Edge-Frequencies 4.2 Distribution of the Edge-Frequencies 4.3 Edges Elimination According to the Edge-Frequencies 4.4 Experiments for TSP on the Preserved Graphs 5 Conclusions References Evaluating Performance, Power and Energy of Deep Neural Networks on CPUs and GPUs 1 Introduction 2 Background 2.1 Deep Neural Network 2.2 Performance/Power Characterization of Neural Network 3 Experiment Setup 3.1 Hardware 3.2 Software 3.3 Metrics 3.4 Types of Experiments 4 Experimental Results and Analysis 4.1 Comparison of Different Software Parameters 4.2 Comparison of Different Hardware Parameters 4.3 Comparison of Two Code Implementations: RNN and CNN 5 Discussion for Three Key Questions 5.1 Analysis of Influential Factors on Energy Efficiency 5.2 Comparison Between Influential Factors of Energy Efficiency and Influential Factors of Performance 5.3 Key Insights for Optimization 6 Related Work 6.1 DNN Characterization 6.2 Guideline for Power Modeling 7 Conclusion and Future Work 7.1 Conclusion 7.2 Future Work References Proving Mutual Authentication Property of 5G-AKA Protocol Based on PCL 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 5G-AKA Protocol 3.1 Protocol Introduction 3.2 Protocol Process and Simplification 3.3 Authentication Properties 4 Protocol Composition Logic (PCL) 4.1 Syntax 4.2 Proof System 4.3 Strong Authentication 4.4 Proof Procedures 5 Formal Analysis of 5G-AKA Protocol 5.1 Protocol Formal Representations 5.2 Detailed Proving Process 6 Conclusion References Research on the Model Transformation Method and Application of Formal Model Driven Engineering (FMDE) 1 Introduction 2 FMDE Related Concepts and Methods at Home and Abroad 2.1 Model Driven Engineering (MDE) 2.2 Unified Modeling Language UML 3 Formal Models Drive Engineering Concepts 4 Theoretical Issues Involved in the FMDE Model Transformation Method 4.1 Model and Meta-model 4.2 Algorithm Model and Program Model 4.3 Data Types and Actions in PAR 4.4 Formal Modeling Language SNL 4.5 Formal Modeling Language Radl 4.6 Abstract Program Modeling Language Apla 5 Case Study 5.1 In-Order Traversal of Binary Tree 5.2 Calculate the Maximum Sum of the Array Segment 6 Comparison of Related Work 7 Conclusion 7.1 Gives Definitions of Models, Meta Models, Etc 7.2 Gives the Syntax and Semantic Definition of the Formal Modeling Language 7.3 Gives FMDE Model Transformation Method and Application Research References Author Index