Theology and the University in Nineteenth-Century Germany (Oxford Theology and Religion Monographs)

__Theology and the University in Nineteenth-Century Germany__ examines the dual transformation of institutions and ideas that led to the emergence of theology as science, the paradigmatic project of modern theology associated with Friedrich Schleiermacher. Beginning with earlier educational reforms across central Europe and especially following the upheavals of the Napoleonic period, an impressive list of provocateurs, iconoclasts, and guardians of the old faith all confronted the nature of the university, the organization of knowledge, and the unity of theology's various parts, quandaries which together bore the collective name of "theological encyclopedia." Schleiermacher's remarkably influential program pioneered the structure and content of the theological curriculum and laid the groundwork for theology's historicization. Zachary Purvis offers a comprehensive investigation of Schleiermacher's program through the era's two predominant schools: speculative theology and mediating theology. Purvis highlights that the endeavor ultimately collapsed in the context of Wilhelmine Germany and the Weimar Republic, beset by the rise of religious studies, radical disciplinary specialization, a crisis of historicism, and the attacks of dialectical theology. In short, the project represented university theology __par excellence__. Engaging in detail with these developments, Purvis weaves the story of modern university theology into the broader tapestry of German and European intellectual culture, with periodic comparisons to other national contexts. In doing so, Purvis presents a substantially new way to understand the relationship between theology and the university, both in nineteenth-century Germany and, indeed, beyond. Cover 1 Theology and the University in Nineteenth-Century Germany 4 Copyright 5 Acknowledgements 6 Contents 8 Abbreviations 10 REFERENCE WORKS AND COLLECTED EDITIONS 10 JOURNALS 10 LIBRARIES AND ARCHIVES 12 1: Introduction 14 2: Organizing Knowledge 27 GRAND AMBITIONS 29 SACRED SCIENCE AND THE SEARCH FOR A GENEALOGY 33 MAPPING NEW WORLDS 47 CONCLUSION 50 3: Institutions and Reforms 51 CRITICISM AND ERUDITION 53 PROGRESS IN HALLE AND GÖTTINGEN 60 STATE MINISTERS AND UNIVERSITY TRANSFORMATIONS 67 THE ‘SPECIAL ENCYCLOPEDIA’ OF THEOLOGY 73 CONCLUSION 76 4: Enlightenment, History, and New Ideals 78 AN EMBATTLED ORDER: JOHANN AUGUST NÖSSELT, PHILOSOPHY, AND THEOLOGY 81 RUPTURES AND REVOLUTIONS: THE CASE OF GOTTLIEB JAKOB PLANCK 84 THE ETHOS OF WISSENSCHAFT 90 CONCLUSION 98 5: Theology and Wissenschaft in the ‘Quiet War’ 99 SCHELLING, THE FACULTIES, AND THEOLOGY’S DUAL INTERESTS 102 THEOLOGY BETWEEN SCIENCE AND STATE 115 CONCLUSION 121 6: Schleiermacher from Halle to Berlin 123 THE PROMISE OF A NEW PROFESSOR 124 A PERPLEXING GUIDEBOOK AND THE PRECARIOUS FUTURE OF THE CURRICULUM 128 THE IDEA AND THE MODEL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF BERLIN 135 CONCLUSION 150 7: Renewing Protestantism? Schleiermacher and University Theology 152 A SCHOLAR AND A MANIFESTO 154 PUBLISHING A UNIVERSITY TEXT 156 PHILOSOPHICAL, HISTORICAL, AND PRACTICAL THEOLOGY 159 A ‘SCIENTIFIC’ AND ‘HISTORICIST’ LEGACY 170 CONCLUSION 176 8: The Speculative Trajectory 179 BETWEEN SCHELLING AND HEGEL: CARL DAUB 180 SYSTEM-BUILDING AFTER HEGEL: ROSENKRANZ AND MARHEINEKE 184 STRAUSS, HISTORY, AND EXEGESIS 193 CONCLUSION 202 9: Preceptor of Modern Theology: Hagenbach and the Mediating School 204 A THEOLOGY TRULY SCIENTIFIC? 206 THE LIVELY SPIRIT OF MEDIATING THEOLOGY 211 HISTORICAL CONDITIONS AND THE FOURFOLD PATTERN 215 INFLUENCE AT HOME AND ABROAD 223 CONCLUSION 227 10: Conclusion 230 Select Bibliography 244 Primary Sources 244 Archival Sources 244 Printed Sources 245 Secondary Sources 255 Index 278 Theology and the University in Nineteenth-Century Germany examines the dual transformation of institutions and ideas that led to the emergence of theology as science, the paradigmatic project of modern theology associated with Friedrich Schleiermacher. Beginning with earlier educational reforms across central Europe and especially following the upheavals of the Napoleonic period, an impressive list of provocateurs, iconoclasts, and guardians of the old faith all confronted the nature of the university, the organization of knowledge, and the unity of theology's various parts, quandaries which together bore the collective name of'theological encyclopedia'. Schleiermacher's remarkably influential programme pioneered the structure and content of the theological curriculum and laid the groundwork for theology's historicization. Zachary Purvis offers a comprehensive investigation of Schleiermacher's programme through the era's two predominant schools: speculative theology and mediating theology. Purvis highlights that the endeavour ultimately collapsed in the context of Wilhelmine Germany and the Weimar Republic, beset by the rise of religious studies, radical disciplinary specialization, a crisis of historicism, and the attacks of dialectical theology. In short, the project represented university theology par excellence. Engaging in detail with these developments, Purvis weaves the story of modern university theology into the broader tapestry of German and European intellectual culture, with periodic comparisons to other national contexts. In doing so, he Purvis presents a substantially new way to understand the relationship between theology and the university, both in nineteenth-century Germany and, indeed, beyond. This Study Considers The Growth Of The Genre Of 'theological Encyclopedia' As Part Of The Scientific Approach To Theology That Emerged During The 18th Century With The Reform Of The German Universities. The Work Focuses On Friedrich Schleiermacher And Karl Hagenbach In Particular. Organizing Knowledge -- Institutions And Reforms -- Enlightenment, History, And New Ideals -- Theology And Wissenschaft In The 'quiet War' -- Schleiermacher From Halle To Berlin -- Renewing Protestantism? Schleiermacher And University Theology -- The Speculative Trajectory -- Preceptor Of Modern Theology : Hagenbach And The Mediating School. Zachary Purvis. Includes Bibliographical References (pages 231-263) And Index. This study considers the growth of the genre of 'theological encyclopedia' as part of the scientific approach to theology that emerged during the eighteenth century with the reform of the German universities. The work focuses on Friedrich Schleiermacher and Karl Hagenbach in particular.