دنیای دیزنی: از عتیقه‌گرایی تا باستان‌شناسی

Dr John Disney (1779-1857) was the benefactor of the first chair in archaeology at a British university. He also donated his major collection to the University of Cambridge. The sculptures continue to be displayed in the Fitzwilliam Museum. The Disney family traced its origins back to the Norman invasion of England, and the family home was at Norton Disney in Lincolnshire. Disney’s father, the Reverend John Disney DD (1746-1816) left the Church of England to become a minister at the Unitarian Essex Street Chapel in London. A major sponsor of the chapel was Thomas Brand-Hollis of The Hyde, Essex, who bequeathed the house and his Grand Tour collection (formed with Thomas Hollis) on his death in 1804 to the Reverend John Disney. Disney inherited part of the classical collection of his uncle and father-in-law Lewis Disney-Ffytche, owner of the 18th century pleasure gardens, Le Désert de Retz, outside Paris. Disney’s brother-in-law was Sir William Hillary, founder of the RNLI. Disney was instrumental in the creation of the Chelmsford Museum through the Chelmsford Philosophical Society, and the formation of the Essex Archaeological Society. Table of Contents Introduction Chapter 1: The Disney Family Chapter 2: The Break with the Church of England Chapter 3: Collectors of the Grand Tour: Thomas Hollis and Thomas Brand Chapter 4: The Disney-Ffytche Family and Essex Chapter 5: Life at The Hyde and its Collection Chapter 6: Disney and Learned Societies Chapter 7: The Museum Disneianum and Cambridge Chapter 8: Going for Gold Chapter 9: The Disney Legacy Abbreviations Bibliography Index Dr John Disney (1779-1857) was the benefactor of the first chair in archaeology at a British university. He also donated his major collection to the University of Cambridge. The sculptures continue to be displayed in the Fitzwilliam Museum. The Disney family traced its origins back to the Norman invasion of England, and the family home was at Norton Disney in Lincolnshire. Disney’s father, the Reverend John Disney DD (1746-1816) left the Church of England to become a minister at the Unitarian Essex Street Chapel in London. A major sponsor of the chapel was Thomas Brand-Hollis of The Hyde, Essex, who bequeathed the house and his Grand Tour collection (formed with Thomas Hollis) on his death in 1804 to the Reverend John Disney. Disney inherited part of the classical collection of his uncle and father-in-law Lewis Disney-Ffytche, owner of the 18th century pleasure gardens, Le Désert de Retz, outside Paris. Disney’s brother-in-law was Sir William Hillary, founder of the RNLI. Disney was instrumental in the creation of the Chelmsford Museum through the Chelmsford Philosophical Society, and the formation of the Essex Archaeological Society. Cover 1 Title Page 3 Copyright Page 4 Contents Page 5 List of Figures 7 Acknowledgements 9 Introduction 10 Chapter 1 13 The Disney Family 13 Figure 1. St Peter’s Norton Disney © David Gill 14 John Disney (1677-1730) 15 Figure 2. Sir Richard Disney’s memorial at Norton Disney. © David Gill 15 Figure 3. John Disney (1677–1730), by Robert White. National Portrait Gallery D10737. 16 John Disney (1700-1771) 17 Mary Disney 17 Lewis Disney 18 Frederick Disney 18 John Disney 19 Conclusion 19 Chapter 2 20 The Break with the Church of England 20 The Blackburne Family 20 Figure 4. The Reverend Theophilus Lindsey, engraving by Giovanni Vendramini. National Portrait Gallery D14260. 21 The Reverend John Disney 23 Figure 5. The Reverend John Disney, engraved by John Basire after Guy Head. National Portrait Gallery D8486. 24 Essex Street Chapel 25 Disney’s decision to leave the Church of England 26 Disney at Essex Hall 30 The final years at Essex Street Chapel 36 Chapter 3 37 Collectors of the Grand Tour: Thomas Hollis and Thomas Brand 37 Thomas Brand 37 Figure 6. Thomas Brand-Hollis. Memoirs of Thomas Brand-Hollis. 38 Thomas Hollis 38 Figure 7. Thomas Hollis, by Joseph Wilton. National Portrait Gallery 6946. 39 The Tours to Italy 40 Brand and Hollis in London 43 The Hyde Remodelled 44 Figure 8. Athena from the William Lloyd collection. Museum Disneianum. 45 Figure 10. Sarcophagus with Dionysiac scene. Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum. © David Gill. 46 Figure 11. Detail of sarcophagus with Dionysiac scene. Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum. © David Gill. 46 Figure 9. Sarcophagus showing Achilles hiding among the daughters of Lycomedes. Museum Disneianum. 46 Figure 12. Sarcophagus and cinerarium displayed at The Hyde. Catalogue of The Hyde. 47 Figure 14. ‘Atys’, Museum Disneianum. 48 Figure 13. Cinerarium of Marcus Ulpius Fortunatus from the William Lloyd collection. Museum Disneianum. 48 Figure 15. Cinerarium of Marcus Aurelius, reported to have been found near the tomb of Caecilia Metella. Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum. © David Gill. 49 Figure 16. Portrait of Marcus Aurelius once in the Palazzo Barberini. Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum. © David Gill. 49 Figure 17. Funerary inscription of Caius Menanius Batyllus and Anthimus. Museum Disneianum. 50 The Hollis Bequest 51 Figure 18. Cinerarium of Titus Flavius Verus, from Pozzuoli. Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum. © David Gill. 51 Figure 19. Medallion of Nero acquired in Venice c. 1752. Museum Disneianum. 51 Figure 20. Head of ‘Augustus’ carved on a medieval arch, acquired in Naples c. 1755. Museum Disneianum. 52 Figure 21. Thomas Hollis, by Giovanni Battista Cipriani. National Portrait Gallery D46107. 54 Essex Hall Chapel 54 Figure 22. ‘Jupiter Column’ found at Great Chesterford in 1803, and presented to the British Museum by Thomas Brand-Hollis. © David Gill. 56 Figure 23. Apollo. Museum Disneianum. 57 Figure 24. Memorial for Thomas Brand-Hollis, Ingatestone Parish Church. 58 Chapter 4 59 The Disney-Ffytche Family and Essex 59 Danbury Place 59 Figure 25. Danbury Place, Essex. 60 Disney-Ffytche and Danbury Place 61 France and Italy 63 Italy and William Hillary 65 Return to England 67 John Disney: Cambridge, Law and Marriage 69 Chapter 5 71 Life at The Hyde and its Collection 71 Figure 26. The Hyde, near Ingatestone, Essex. 72 John Disney, Recorder of Bridport 72 The Death of the Reverend John Disney 73 Prospective MP for Harwich and Magistrate 75 Figure 27. Memorial for the Reverend John Disney, and his grandson John, on the Disney family tomb. © David Gill. 75 The Hillary Family: Divorce, Deaths and Legal Disputes 79 Figure 28. Memorial for Dame Frances Hillary at Danbury. © David Gill. 81 The Eastern Counties Railway 82 Essex Agricultural Society 83 The Disney Family 85 Figure 29. Inscription from Colchester. Museum Disneianum. 85 Developing the Hyde’s collection 86 Figure 30. Funerary sphinx from Colchester. Colchester Castle Museum © David Gill 87 Family matters 89 Chapter 6 90 Disney and Learned Societies 90 The Chelmsford Philosophical Society 92 Chapter 7 100 The Museum Disneianum and Cambridge 100 Figure 31. Attic black-figured lekythos. Museum Disneianum. 101 Figure 32. ‘Hermarchus’. Museum Disneianum. 102 Figure 34. Etruscan funerary cinerarium lid. Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum. © David Gill. 103 Figure 33. Portrait probably of Faustina the Younger. Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum. © David Gill. 103 The Establishment of the Disney Chair 105 Figure 35. Janiform sculpture, displayed as the gift of Disney. Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum. © David Gill. 105 Figure 36. Attic red-figured column-krater acquired in Naples in 1799 or 1801. Museum Disneianum. 105 Figure 37. The Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge © David Gill 107 Essex Archaeological Society 109 Chapter 8 115 Going for Gold 115 Railway and Other Interests 119 Recognition 119 Figure 38. Portrait of Dr John Disney presented to the University of Cambridge. Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum. © David Gill. 121 Figure 39. The Disney tomb in the churchyard of St Mary the Virgin, Fryerning, Essex. © David Gill. 122 Final Years 122 Figure 40. Inscription for Sophia Disney on the Disney tomb. © David Gill. 123 Figure 41. Inscription for Dr John Disney on the Disney tomb. © David Gill. 123 Chapter 9 124 The Disney Legacy 124 Figure 42. Edgar Disney, by Camille Silvy, 1860. National Portrait Gallery Ax50666. 125 Figure 44. Detail of Attic red-figured amphora (now in Copenhagen). Museum Disneianum. 126 Figure 43. Detail of Paestan bell-krater (now in Cambridge). Museum Disneianum. 126 Suffolk and the Disney chair 127 Archaeological developments 130 Conclusion 136 Abbreviations 137 Bibliography 138 Index 151 Archaeopress Archaeological Lives,Dr John Disney (1779-1857),biography of an archaeologist,archaeology at Cambridge Dr John Disney (1779-1857) was the benefactor of the first chair in archaeology at a British university. He also donated his major collection to the University of Cambridge. The sculptures continue to be displayed in the Fitzwilliam Museum.0The Disney family traced its origins back to the Norman invasion of England, and the family home was at Norton Disney in Lincolnshire. Disney?s father, the Reverend John Disney DD (1746-1816) left the Church of England to become a minister at the Unitarian Essex Street Chapel in London. A major sponsor of the chapel was Thomas Brand-Hollis of The Hyde, Essex, who bequeathed the house and his Grand Tour collection (formed with Thomas Hollis) on his death in 1804 to the Reverend John Disney. Disney inherited part of the classical collection of his uncle and father-in-law Lewis Disney-Ffytche, owner of the 18th century pleasure gardens, Le Désert de Retz, outside Paris. Disney?s brother-in-law was Sir William Hillary, founder of the RNLI. Disney was instrumental in the creation of the Chelmsford Museum through the Chelmsford Philosophical Society, and the formation of the Essex Archaeological Society A biography of Dr John Disney (1779-1857), the benefactor of the first chair in archaeology at a British university. He also donated his major collection of Classical sculptures to the University of Cambridge. The sculptures continue to be displayed in the Fitzwilliam Museum.